Grid Code Requirement

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Joao P. S. Catalao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Grid Code reinforcements for deeper renewable generation in insular energy systems
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016
    Co-Authors: E. M.g. Rodrigues, Abebe W. Bizuayehu, G J Osorio, Radu Godina, Juan M Lujanorojas, Joao P. S. Catalao
    Abstract:

    Introduction of renewable energy sources (RES) in insular areas is growing on different islands of various regions in the world and the large-scale deployment of renewables in island power systems is appealing to local attention of Grid operators as a method to decrease fossil fuel consumption. Planning a Grid based on renewable power plants (RPP) presents serious challenges to the normal operation of a power system, precisely on voltage and frequency stability. Despite of its inherent problems, there is a consensus that in near future the RES could supply most of local needs without depending exclusively on fossil fuels. In previous Grid Code compliance, wind turbines did not required services to support Grid operation. Thus, in order to shift to large-scale integration of renewables, the insular Grid Code ought to incorporate a new set of Requirements with the intention of regulating the inclusion of these services. Hence, this paper discusses Grid Code Requirements for large-scale integration of renewables in an island context, as a new contribution to earlier studies. The current trends on Grid Code formulation, towards an improved integration of distributed renewable resources in island power systems, are addressed. The paper also discusses advanced Grid Code Requirement concepts such as virtual wind inertia and synthetic inertia for improving regulation capability of wind farms and the application of energy storage systems (EES) for enhancing renewable generation integration. Finally, a comparative analysis of insular Grid Code compliance to these Requirements is presented in the European context.

Juan M Lujanorojas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Grid Code reinforcements for deeper renewable generation in insular energy systems
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016
    Co-Authors: E. M.g. Rodrigues, Abebe W. Bizuayehu, G J Osorio, Radu Godina, Juan M Lujanorojas, Joao P. S. Catalao
    Abstract:

    Introduction of renewable energy sources (RES) in insular areas is growing on different islands of various regions in the world and the large-scale deployment of renewables in island power systems is appealing to local attention of Grid operators as a method to decrease fossil fuel consumption. Planning a Grid based on renewable power plants (RPP) presents serious challenges to the normal operation of a power system, precisely on voltage and frequency stability. Despite of its inherent problems, there is a consensus that in near future the RES could supply most of local needs without depending exclusively on fossil fuels. In previous Grid Code compliance, wind turbines did not required services to support Grid operation. Thus, in order to shift to large-scale integration of renewables, the insular Grid Code ought to incorporate a new set of Requirements with the intention of regulating the inclusion of these services. Hence, this paper discusses Grid Code Requirements for large-scale integration of renewables in an island context, as a new contribution to earlier studies. The current trends on Grid Code formulation, towards an improved integration of distributed renewable resources in island power systems, are addressed. The paper also discusses advanced Grid Code Requirement concepts such as virtual wind inertia and synthetic inertia for improving regulation capability of wind farms and the application of energy storage systems (EES) for enhancing renewable generation integration. Finally, a comparative analysis of insular Grid Code compliance to these Requirements is presented in the European context.

Xudong Zou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An improved low-voltage ride-through control strategy of doubly fed induction generator during Grid faults
    IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2011
    Co-Authors: Sheng Hu, Xinchun Lin, Yong Kang, Xudong Zou
    Abstract:

    This paper presents a control strategy to improve the low-voltage ride-through capability of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG); since the stator of a DFIG is directly connected to a Grid, this sort of machine is very sensitive to Grid disturbance. Grid voltage sag causes overcurrents and overvoltages in rotor windings, which can damage the rotor-side converter (RSC). In order to protect the RSC, a classical solution based on installation of the so-called crowbar is adopted; however, as the DFIG absorbs reactive power from the Grid, this type of solution deteriorates Grid voltage sags and cannot meet the Requirements of a new Grid Code. An improved control strategy which uses virtual resistance to limit rotor side overcurrents is proposed in this paper, which can make a crowbar inactive and supply reactive power to fulfill the latest Grid Code Requirement during voltage sags. In order to validate the proposed strategy, simulations and experiments have been carried out, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Dongsul Shin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a novel Grid synchronization pll method based on adaptive low pass notch filter for Grid connected pcs
    IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Dongsul Shin
    Abstract:

    The amount of distributed energy resources (DERs) has increased constantly worldwide. The power ratings of DERs have become considerably high, as required by the new Grid Code Requirement. To follow the Grid Code and optimize the function of Grid-connected inverters based on DERs, a phase-locked loop (PLL) is essential for detecting the Grid phase angle accurately when the Grid voltage is polluted by harmonics and imbalance. This paper proposes a novel low-pass notch filter PLL (LPN-PLL) control strategy to synchronize with the true phase angle of the Grid instead of using a conventional synchronous reference frame PLL (SRF-PLL), which requires a d-q-axis transformation of three-phase voltage and a proportional-integral controller. The proposed LPN-PLL is an upgraded version of the PLL method using the fast Fourier transform concept (FFT-PLL) which is robust to the harmonics and imbalance of the Grid voltage. The proposed PLL algorithm was compared with conventional SRF-PLL and FFT-PLL and was implemented digitally using a digital signal processor TMS320F28335. A 10-kW three-phase Grid-connected inverter was set, and a verification experiment was performed, showing the high performance and robustness of the proposal under low-voltage ride-through operation.

E. M.g. Rodrigues - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Grid Code reinforcements for deeper renewable generation in insular energy systems
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016
    Co-Authors: E. M.g. Rodrigues, Abebe W. Bizuayehu, G J Osorio, Radu Godina, Juan M Lujanorojas, Joao P. S. Catalao
    Abstract:

    Introduction of renewable energy sources (RES) in insular areas is growing on different islands of various regions in the world and the large-scale deployment of renewables in island power systems is appealing to local attention of Grid operators as a method to decrease fossil fuel consumption. Planning a Grid based on renewable power plants (RPP) presents serious challenges to the normal operation of a power system, precisely on voltage and frequency stability. Despite of its inherent problems, there is a consensus that in near future the RES could supply most of local needs without depending exclusively on fossil fuels. In previous Grid Code compliance, wind turbines did not required services to support Grid operation. Thus, in order to shift to large-scale integration of renewables, the insular Grid Code ought to incorporate a new set of Requirements with the intention of regulating the inclusion of these services. Hence, this paper discusses Grid Code Requirements for large-scale integration of renewables in an island context, as a new contribution to earlier studies. The current trends on Grid Code formulation, towards an improved integration of distributed renewable resources in island power systems, are addressed. The paper also discusses advanced Grid Code Requirement concepts such as virtual wind inertia and synthetic inertia for improving regulation capability of wind farms and the application of energy storage systems (EES) for enhancing renewable generation integration. Finally, a comparative analysis of insular Grid Code compliance to these Requirements is presented in the European context.