The Experts below are selected from a list of 45 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter Dovc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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population structure and genetic differentiation of livestock Guard Dog breeds from the western balkans
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2014Co-Authors: E Ceh, Peter DovcAbstract:Livestock Guard Dog (LGD) breeds from the Western Balkans are a good example of how complex genetic diversity pattern observed in Dog breeds has been shaped by transition in Dog breeding practices. Despite their common geographical origin and relatively recent formal recognition as separate breeds, the Karst Shepherd, Sarplaninac and Tornjak show distinct population dynamics, assessed by pedigree, microsatellite and mtDNA data. We genotyped 493 Dogs belonging to five Dog breeds using a set of 18 microsatellite markers and sequenced mtDNA from 94 Dogs from these breeds. Different demographic histories of the Karst Shepherd and Tornjak breeds are reflected in the pedigree data with the former breed having more unbalanced contributions of major ancestors and a realized effective population size of less than 20 animals. The highest allelic richness was found in Sarplaninac (5.94), followed by Tornjak (5.72), whereas Karst Shepherd Dogs exhibited the lowest allelic richness (3.33). Similarly, the highest mtDNA haplotype diversity was found in Sarplaninac, followed by Tornjak and Karst Shepherd, where only one haplotype was found. Based on FST differentiation values and high percentages of animals correctly assigned, all breeds can be considered genetically distinct. However, using microsatellite data, common ancestry between the Karst Shepherd and Sarplaninac could not be reconstructed, despite pedigree and mtDNA evidence of their historical admixture. Using neighbour-joining, STRUCTURE or DAPC methods, Sarplaninac and Caucasian Shepherd breeds could not be separated and additionally showed close proximity in the NeighborNet tree. STRUCTURE analysis of the Tornjak breed demonstrated substructuring, which needs further investigation. Altogether, results of this study show that the official separation of these Dog breeds strongly affected the resolution of genetic differentiation and thus suggest that the relationships between breeds are not only determined by breed relatedness, but in small populations even more importantly by stochastic effects.
P. Crepaldi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Investigating the population structure and genetic differentiation of livestock Guard Dog breeds
'Cambridge University Press (CUP)', 2018Co-Authors: D. Bigi, S..p. Marelli, L. Liotta, S. Frattini, A. Talenti, G. Pagnacco, M. Polli, P. CrepaldiAbstract:Livestock Guarding Dogs are a valuable adjunct to the pastoral community. Having been traditionally selected for their working ability, they fulfil their function with minimal interaction or command from their human owners. In this study, the population structure and the genetic differentiation of three Italian livestock Guardian breeds (Sila\u2019s Dog, Maremma and Abruzzese SheepDog and Mannara\u2019s Dog) and three functionally and physically similar breeds (Cane Corso, Central Asian Shepherd Dog and Caucasian Shepherd Dog), totalling 179 Dogs unrelated at the second generation, were investigated with 18 autosomal microsatellite markers. Values for the number of alleles per locus, observed and expected heterozygosity, Hardy\u2013Weinberg Equilibrium, F stats, Nei\u2019s and Reynold\u2019s genetic distances, clustering and sub-population formation abilities and individual genetic structures were calculated. Our results show clear breed differentiation, whereby all the considered breeds show reasonable genetic variability despite small population sizes and variable selection schemes. These results provide meaningful data to stakeholders in specific breed and environmental conservation programmes
E Ceh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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population structure and genetic differentiation of livestock Guard Dog breeds from the western balkans
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2014Co-Authors: E Ceh, Peter DovcAbstract:Livestock Guard Dog (LGD) breeds from the Western Balkans are a good example of how complex genetic diversity pattern observed in Dog breeds has been shaped by transition in Dog breeding practices. Despite their common geographical origin and relatively recent formal recognition as separate breeds, the Karst Shepherd, Sarplaninac and Tornjak show distinct population dynamics, assessed by pedigree, microsatellite and mtDNA data. We genotyped 493 Dogs belonging to five Dog breeds using a set of 18 microsatellite markers and sequenced mtDNA from 94 Dogs from these breeds. Different demographic histories of the Karst Shepherd and Tornjak breeds are reflected in the pedigree data with the former breed having more unbalanced contributions of major ancestors and a realized effective population size of less than 20 animals. The highest allelic richness was found in Sarplaninac (5.94), followed by Tornjak (5.72), whereas Karst Shepherd Dogs exhibited the lowest allelic richness (3.33). Similarly, the highest mtDNA haplotype diversity was found in Sarplaninac, followed by Tornjak and Karst Shepherd, where only one haplotype was found. Based on FST differentiation values and high percentages of animals correctly assigned, all breeds can be considered genetically distinct. However, using microsatellite data, common ancestry between the Karst Shepherd and Sarplaninac could not be reconstructed, despite pedigree and mtDNA evidence of their historical admixture. Using neighbour-joining, STRUCTURE or DAPC methods, Sarplaninac and Caucasian Shepherd breeds could not be separated and additionally showed close proximity in the NeighborNet tree. STRUCTURE analysis of the Tornjak breed demonstrated substructuring, which needs further investigation. Altogether, results of this study show that the official separation of these Dog breeds strongly affected the resolution of genetic differentiation and thus suggest that the relationships between breeds are not only determined by breed relatedness, but in small populations even more importantly by stochastic effects.
Aleksić M. Jelena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic characterization of the yugoslavian shepherd Dog-sharplanina, a livestock Guard Dog from the western balkans
'Walter de Gruyter GmbH', 2020Co-Authors: Dimitrijević Vladimir, Savić Mila, Tarić Elmin, Stanišić Ljubodrag, Stanimirović Zoran, Tabaković Aleksandar, Aleksić M. JelenaAbstract:Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog-Sharplanina (YSD) is a livestock Guard Dog from the Western Balkans present in this region over a long time, but recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale as a distinct breed as late as 1957. However, the information regarding the origin and the size of the breed's foundation stock is still lacking. In order to contribute towards better understanding of the genetic make-up of the YSD and its foundation stock, we re-analyzed previously generated genetic profiles of 94 registered YSD Dogs assessed with nine nuclear microsatellites. Studied individuals comprised 90 unrelated Dogs and two pairs of full-sibs, sampled at four sampling sites: Three Dog shows and at a military training centre for Dogs in Serbia. We supported earlier findings on high levels of genetic diversity in YSD (HE=0.728±0.027) and lack of inbreeding, and revealed substructure of the breed because we found two distinct gene pools in the Bayesian clustering analysis, indicated also by the excess of homozygotes (i.e., Wahlund effect) and outcomes of other analyses: Linkage disequilibrium tests, Neighbour-Joining tree, principal coordinates and two-dimensional scaling analyses. The two gene pools were almost equally represented at each sampling site. One gene pool was composed of individuals with high genetic integrity, while the other gene pool was characterized with admixed ancestry, developed possibly via hybridization with native breeding stock outside the registry system, other breeds, such as the Caucasian Shepherd, and/or individuals admixed with wolves. Thus, we demonstrate rather complex and diverse ancestry implying a genetically heterogeneous foundation stock of the YSD.Jugoslovenski ovčarski pas – šarplaninac (JOP) je pastirski pas sa prostora Zapadnog Balkana na kojem je prisutan od davnina, iako je kao zasebna rasa prepoznat od strane Međunarodne kinološke federacije (FCI) tek 1957. godine. Međutim, podaci o veličini i poreklu osnivačke populacije JOP još uvek su nepoznati. U cilju doprinosa boljem razumevanju genetičke strukture i osnivačke populacije ove rase, izvršili smo dodatnu analizu prethodno objavljenih genetičkih profila 94 jedinke pasa rase JOP (90 pasa koji nisu u srodstvu i dva para punih srodnika uzorkovanih na tri izložbe pasa i u vojnom centru za obuku pasa) utvrđenih na osnovu varijabilnosti devet jedarnih mikrosatelita. Rezultati našeg istraživanja su potvrdili prethodne navode koji se odnose na visok stepen genetičkog diverziteta u ispitivanoj populaciji JOP (HE=0.728±0.027) i nizak stepen ukrštanja u srodstvu, ali i pokazali moguću genetičku strukturu ove rase. Naime, primenom Bajesove metode grupisanja, kao i na osnovu grupisanja po metodi najbližih suseda, nalaza o suvišku homozigota (tzv. Valundov efekat), testova neravnoteže vezanosti gena, analize glavnih komponenti i dvodimenzionalnog skaliranja, ustanovili smo postojanje dve različite genetičke grupe. Jedinke iz obe genetičke grupe bile su približno jednako zastupljene na svim mestima uzorkovanja. Jedna grupa obuhvatala je jedinke sa visokim genetičkim integritetom, dok su drugu grupu činile jedinke hibridnih genetičkih profila, koji su mogli nastali ukrštanjem sa neregistovanim psima koji su u tipu JOP ili sa drugim rasama, kao što je kavkaski ovčar, i/ili sa hibridima nastalih ukrštanjem sa vukovima. Sumirano, ovim istraživanjem ustanovljeno je veoma složeno i raznoliko poreklo JOP, što ukazuje na genetički heterogen karakter osnivačke populacije ove rase
D. Bigi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Investigating the population structure and genetic differentiation of livestock Guard Dog breeds
'Cambridge University Press (CUP)', 2018Co-Authors: D. Bigi, S..p. Marelli, L. Liotta, S. Frattini, A. Talenti, G. Pagnacco, M. Polli, P. CrepaldiAbstract:Livestock Guarding Dogs are a valuable adjunct to the pastoral community. Having been traditionally selected for their working ability, they fulfil their function with minimal interaction or command from their human owners. In this study, the population structure and the genetic differentiation of three Italian livestock Guardian breeds (Sila\u2019s Dog, Maremma and Abruzzese SheepDog and Mannara\u2019s Dog) and three functionally and physically similar breeds (Cane Corso, Central Asian Shepherd Dog and Caucasian Shepherd Dog), totalling 179 Dogs unrelated at the second generation, were investigated with 18 autosomal microsatellite markers. Values for the number of alleles per locus, observed and expected heterozygosity, Hardy\u2013Weinberg Equilibrium, F stats, Nei\u2019s and Reynold\u2019s genetic distances, clustering and sub-population formation abilities and individual genetic structures were calculated. Our results show clear breed differentiation, whereby all the considered breeds show reasonable genetic variability despite small population sizes and variable selection schemes. These results provide meaningful data to stakeholders in specific breed and environmental conservation programmes