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Rudolf Brázdil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A long-term chronology of summer half-year Hailstorms for South Moravia, Czech Republic
Climate Research, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava Řezníčková, Pavel Zahradníček, Petr DobrovolnýAbstract:Climatological analyses of Hailstorms, as phenomena of local or regional occurrence with associated damage, depend strongly on the quality and density of meteorological observations. Documentary sources, both historical and modern, including insurance company records, can be used to complement existing meteorological data or extend them into the period prior to continuous meteorological observations. This paper employs such aids to compile a long-term Hailstorm chronology for the summer half-year (April-September) in South Moravia (Czech Republic) based on derivations from various types of documentary evidence together with systematic meteorological records. Although the first single Hailstorm record dates back to 17 August 1435, the number of Hailstorms detected only increases significantly after the 18th century. Documentary sources favour reports of particularly damaging Hailstorms, so frequency increases with the number of surviving documents; obviously, this can never achieve the coverage maintained in the period of organised meteorological observations. The best temporal coverage of Hailstorm days during the summer half-year in South Moravia starts in 1925 and expresses an overal decreasing trend of -0.05 d per 10 yr up to 2015, more marked after 1961 (-1.4 d per 10 yr). Particularly damaging Hailstorms, on 20 June 1848, 1 July 1902, 10 July 1902 and 19 July 1903, are described. Finally, uncertainties in the Hailstorm chronology are discussed, and differences related to various aspects of Hailstorm days detected from documentary and meteorological data in three 40 yr periods are analysed.
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Damaging Hailstorms in South Moravia, Czech Republic, in the seventeenth to twentieth centuries as derived from taxation records
Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava ŘezníčkováAbstract:Hailstorms are among the hydrometeorological extremes recognised in the historical past of the Czech Lands as grounds for tax relief if agricultural crops or material structures were damaged by them. The administrative process involved three levels (community, regional office, land office). The damage reports and taxation records for South Moravia (the southeastern parts of today’s Czech Republic) were mainly stored in the Moravian Land Archives at Brno in estate accounts and collections of family archives. Data related to the date of a given Hailstorm, its accompanying convective phenomena, the communities affected and the type of damage, as interpreted from taxation records, has created a database spanning the years 1650 to 1941 AD. A total of 766 records contain descriptions that cover 433 days upon which Hailstorms did damage in South Moravia, as well as incidentally provide some additional information for the remainder of the Czech Lands and other parts of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The Hailstorms detected concentrate to a large extent around the 1821–1850 period, which accounts for 44.4 % of all events. Although reported most frequently without other convective phenomena, they were often accompanied by torrential rain. The current contribution analyses the four most outstanding Hailstorms in detail, those characterised by the highest number of estates and communities affected: 26 May 1830, 18 July 1832, 25 June 1844 and 20 June 1848. Uncertainties in Hailstorm data, particularly with regard to their spatial and temporal heterogeneity, are discussed. Finally, the 1811–1850 period, with the highest number of Hailstorm days, is compared with Hailstorm patterns that derive from systematic meteorological observations in the 1961–2000 reference period. Damaging Hailstorms disclosed by taxation data will be used to compile long-term Hailstorm series for South Moravia (together with those derived from other documentary evidence and systematic meteorological observations).
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Temporal and spatial variability of Hailstorms in Moravia and Silesia (Czech Republic) in the 19th-20th centuries
2006Co-Authors: Kateřina Chromá, Rudolf Brázdil, Radim TolaszAbstract:Critical evaluation of Hailstorm observations for the meteorological stations of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI) is presented. Analysis of spatio-temporal patterns of Hailstorm variability in Moravia and Silesia in the summer half-year (April-September), as a background for further studies, is made for the period 1961-2000. Considering geographical distribution, maxima are perceptible in the regions of the Hrubý Jesenik and the Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mountains. Data from 135 stations supply a series of the numbers of days on which Hailstorms occurred for Moravia and Silesia (a statistically significant falling trend -2.3 days/10 years). Application of the MESA method also revealed statistically significant cycles within this series with durations of 3.3 and 2.2 years. The maximum number of days with Hailstorms takes place in May, followed by June (50% of all days with Hailstorms). Following CHMI synoptic classification, 88% of days with Hailstorms occurred during cyclonic situations. Series of Hailstorms before 1961 are extended using further meteorological stations of the CHMI as well as information from documentary evidence (narrative sources, visual daily weather observations, newspapers etc.) covering the whole 19th-20th centuries. Results of their statistical analysis are discussed with respect to the period 1961-2000 with the best spatial coverage.
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Spatio-temporal variability of Hailstorms for Moravia andSilesia in the summer half-year of the period 1961-2000
2005Co-Authors: Kateřina Chromá, Rudolf Brázdil, Radim TolaszAbstract:A spatio-temporal analysis of the variability of Hailstorms in Moravia and Silesia in the summer half-year (April-September) is made for the period 1961-2000, using critically evaluated observations from the meteorological stations of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI). Considering geographical distribution, an increase in the number of days with Hailstorms is perceptible with increasing height above sea level, with maxima in the region of the Hrubý Jesenik and the Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mountains. Data from 135 stations supply a series of the numbers of days on which Hailstorms occurred for Moravia and Silesia, exhibiting upon analysis a statistically significant falling trend (-2.3 days/10 years). Application of the MESA method also revealed statistically significant cycles within this series with durations of 3.3 and 2.2 years. Within the summer half-year, the maximum number of days with Hailstorms takes place in May, followed by June (a combined total of almost 50% of all days with Hailstorms). Following CHMI classification, 87.6% of days with Hailstorms occurred during cyclonic situations, above all during situation B (11.4%), followed by NEc (8.9%), SWc2 (7.7%), Ec (7.3%) and C (7.1%). In anticyclonic situations the most significant situation was Wal with 6.4%.
Ladislava Řezníčková - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A long-term chronology of summer half-year Hailstorms for South Moravia, Czech Republic
Climate Research, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava Řezníčková, Pavel Zahradníček, Petr DobrovolnýAbstract:Climatological analyses of Hailstorms, as phenomena of local or regional occurrence with associated damage, depend strongly on the quality and density of meteorological observations. Documentary sources, both historical and modern, including insurance company records, can be used to complement existing meteorological data or extend them into the period prior to continuous meteorological observations. This paper employs such aids to compile a long-term Hailstorm chronology for the summer half-year (April-September) in South Moravia (Czech Republic) based on derivations from various types of documentary evidence together with systematic meteorological records. Although the first single Hailstorm record dates back to 17 August 1435, the number of Hailstorms detected only increases significantly after the 18th century. Documentary sources favour reports of particularly damaging Hailstorms, so frequency increases with the number of surviving documents; obviously, this can never achieve the coverage maintained in the period of organised meteorological observations. The best temporal coverage of Hailstorm days during the summer half-year in South Moravia starts in 1925 and expresses an overal decreasing trend of -0.05 d per 10 yr up to 2015, more marked after 1961 (-1.4 d per 10 yr). Particularly damaging Hailstorms, on 20 June 1848, 1 July 1902, 10 July 1902 and 19 July 1903, are described. Finally, uncertainties in the Hailstorm chronology are discussed, and differences related to various aspects of Hailstorm days detected from documentary and meteorological data in three 40 yr periods are analysed.
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Damaging Hailstorms in South Moravia, Czech Republic, in the seventeenth to twentieth centuries as derived from taxation records
Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava ŘezníčkováAbstract:Hailstorms are among the hydrometeorological extremes recognised in the historical past of the Czech Lands as grounds for tax relief if agricultural crops or material structures were damaged by them. The administrative process involved three levels (community, regional office, land office). The damage reports and taxation records for South Moravia (the southeastern parts of today’s Czech Republic) were mainly stored in the Moravian Land Archives at Brno in estate accounts and collections of family archives. Data related to the date of a given Hailstorm, its accompanying convective phenomena, the communities affected and the type of damage, as interpreted from taxation records, has created a database spanning the years 1650 to 1941 AD. A total of 766 records contain descriptions that cover 433 days upon which Hailstorms did damage in South Moravia, as well as incidentally provide some additional information for the remainder of the Czech Lands and other parts of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The Hailstorms detected concentrate to a large extent around the 1821–1850 period, which accounts for 44.4 % of all events. Although reported most frequently without other convective phenomena, they were often accompanied by torrential rain. The current contribution analyses the four most outstanding Hailstorms in detail, those characterised by the highest number of estates and communities affected: 26 May 1830, 18 July 1832, 25 June 1844 and 20 June 1848. Uncertainties in Hailstorm data, particularly with regard to their spatial and temporal heterogeneity, are discussed. Finally, the 1811–1850 period, with the highest number of Hailstorm days, is compared with Hailstorm patterns that derive from systematic meteorological observations in the 1961–2000 reference period. Damaging Hailstorms disclosed by taxation data will be used to compile long-term Hailstorm series for South Moravia (together with those derived from other documentary evidence and systematic meteorological observations).
Kateřina Chromá - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A long-term chronology of summer half-year Hailstorms for South Moravia, Czech Republic
Climate Research, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava Řezníčková, Pavel Zahradníček, Petr DobrovolnýAbstract:Climatological analyses of Hailstorms, as phenomena of local or regional occurrence with associated damage, depend strongly on the quality and density of meteorological observations. Documentary sources, both historical and modern, including insurance company records, can be used to complement existing meteorological data or extend them into the period prior to continuous meteorological observations. This paper employs such aids to compile a long-term Hailstorm chronology for the summer half-year (April-September) in South Moravia (Czech Republic) based on derivations from various types of documentary evidence together with systematic meteorological records. Although the first single Hailstorm record dates back to 17 August 1435, the number of Hailstorms detected only increases significantly after the 18th century. Documentary sources favour reports of particularly damaging Hailstorms, so frequency increases with the number of surviving documents; obviously, this can never achieve the coverage maintained in the period of organised meteorological observations. The best temporal coverage of Hailstorm days during the summer half-year in South Moravia starts in 1925 and expresses an overal decreasing trend of -0.05 d per 10 yr up to 2015, more marked after 1961 (-1.4 d per 10 yr). Particularly damaging Hailstorms, on 20 June 1848, 1 July 1902, 10 July 1902 and 19 July 1903, are described. Finally, uncertainties in the Hailstorm chronology are discussed, and differences related to various aspects of Hailstorm days detected from documentary and meteorological data in three 40 yr periods are analysed.
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Damaging Hailstorms in South Moravia, Czech Republic, in the seventeenth to twentieth centuries as derived from taxation records
Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava ŘezníčkováAbstract:Hailstorms are among the hydrometeorological extremes recognised in the historical past of the Czech Lands as grounds for tax relief if agricultural crops or material structures were damaged by them. The administrative process involved three levels (community, regional office, land office). The damage reports and taxation records for South Moravia (the southeastern parts of today’s Czech Republic) were mainly stored in the Moravian Land Archives at Brno in estate accounts and collections of family archives. Data related to the date of a given Hailstorm, its accompanying convective phenomena, the communities affected and the type of damage, as interpreted from taxation records, has created a database spanning the years 1650 to 1941 AD. A total of 766 records contain descriptions that cover 433 days upon which Hailstorms did damage in South Moravia, as well as incidentally provide some additional information for the remainder of the Czech Lands and other parts of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The Hailstorms detected concentrate to a large extent around the 1821–1850 period, which accounts for 44.4 % of all events. Although reported most frequently without other convective phenomena, they were often accompanied by torrential rain. The current contribution analyses the four most outstanding Hailstorms in detail, those characterised by the highest number of estates and communities affected: 26 May 1830, 18 July 1832, 25 June 1844 and 20 June 1848. Uncertainties in Hailstorm data, particularly with regard to their spatial and temporal heterogeneity, are discussed. Finally, the 1811–1850 period, with the highest number of Hailstorm days, is compared with Hailstorm patterns that derive from systematic meteorological observations in the 1961–2000 reference period. Damaging Hailstorms disclosed by taxation data will be used to compile long-term Hailstorm series for South Moravia (together with those derived from other documentary evidence and systematic meteorological observations).
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Temporal and spatial variability of Hailstorms in Moravia and Silesia (Czech Republic) in the 19th-20th centuries
2006Co-Authors: Kateřina Chromá, Rudolf Brázdil, Radim TolaszAbstract:Critical evaluation of Hailstorm observations for the meteorological stations of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI) is presented. Analysis of spatio-temporal patterns of Hailstorm variability in Moravia and Silesia in the summer half-year (April-September), as a background for further studies, is made for the period 1961-2000. Considering geographical distribution, maxima are perceptible in the regions of the Hrubý Jesenik and the Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mountains. Data from 135 stations supply a series of the numbers of days on which Hailstorms occurred for Moravia and Silesia (a statistically significant falling trend -2.3 days/10 years). Application of the MESA method also revealed statistically significant cycles within this series with durations of 3.3 and 2.2 years. The maximum number of days with Hailstorms takes place in May, followed by June (50% of all days with Hailstorms). Following CHMI synoptic classification, 88% of days with Hailstorms occurred during cyclonic situations. Series of Hailstorms before 1961 are extended using further meteorological stations of the CHMI as well as information from documentary evidence (narrative sources, visual daily weather observations, newspapers etc.) covering the whole 19th-20th centuries. Results of their statistical analysis are discussed with respect to the period 1961-2000 with the best spatial coverage.
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Spatio-temporal variability of Hailstorms for Moravia andSilesia in the summer half-year of the period 1961-2000
2005Co-Authors: Kateřina Chromá, Rudolf Brázdil, Radim TolaszAbstract:A spatio-temporal analysis of the variability of Hailstorms in Moravia and Silesia in the summer half-year (April-September) is made for the period 1961-2000, using critically evaluated observations from the meteorological stations of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI). Considering geographical distribution, an increase in the number of days with Hailstorms is perceptible with increasing height above sea level, with maxima in the region of the Hrubý Jesenik and the Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mountains. Data from 135 stations supply a series of the numbers of days on which Hailstorms occurred for Moravia and Silesia, exhibiting upon analysis a statistically significant falling trend (-2.3 days/10 years). Application of the MESA method also revealed statistically significant cycles within this series with durations of 3.3 and 2.2 years. Within the summer half-year, the maximum number of days with Hailstorms takes place in May, followed by June (a combined total of almost 50% of all days with Hailstorms). Following CHMI classification, 87.6% of days with Hailstorms occurred during cyclonic situations, above all during situation B (11.4%), followed by NEc (8.9%), SWc2 (7.7%), Ec (7.3%) and C (7.1%). In anticyclonic situations the most significant situation was Wal with 6.4%.
Lukáš Dolák - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A long-term chronology of summer half-year Hailstorms for South Moravia, Czech Republic
Climate Research, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava Řezníčková, Pavel Zahradníček, Petr DobrovolnýAbstract:Climatological analyses of Hailstorms, as phenomena of local or regional occurrence with associated damage, depend strongly on the quality and density of meteorological observations. Documentary sources, both historical and modern, including insurance company records, can be used to complement existing meteorological data or extend them into the period prior to continuous meteorological observations. This paper employs such aids to compile a long-term Hailstorm chronology for the summer half-year (April-September) in South Moravia (Czech Republic) based on derivations from various types of documentary evidence together with systematic meteorological records. Although the first single Hailstorm record dates back to 17 August 1435, the number of Hailstorms detected only increases significantly after the 18th century. Documentary sources favour reports of particularly damaging Hailstorms, so frequency increases with the number of surviving documents; obviously, this can never achieve the coverage maintained in the period of organised meteorological observations. The best temporal coverage of Hailstorm days during the summer half-year in South Moravia starts in 1925 and expresses an overal decreasing trend of -0.05 d per 10 yr up to 2015, more marked after 1961 (-1.4 d per 10 yr). Particularly damaging Hailstorms, on 20 June 1848, 1 July 1902, 10 July 1902 and 19 July 1903, are described. Finally, uncertainties in the Hailstorm chronology are discussed, and differences related to various aspects of Hailstorm days detected from documentary and meteorological data in three 40 yr periods are analysed.
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Damaging Hailstorms in South Moravia, Czech Republic, in the seventeenth to twentieth centuries as derived from taxation records
Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava ŘezníčkováAbstract:Hailstorms are among the hydrometeorological extremes recognised in the historical past of the Czech Lands as grounds for tax relief if agricultural crops or material structures were damaged by them. The administrative process involved three levels (community, regional office, land office). The damage reports and taxation records for South Moravia (the southeastern parts of today’s Czech Republic) were mainly stored in the Moravian Land Archives at Brno in estate accounts and collections of family archives. Data related to the date of a given Hailstorm, its accompanying convective phenomena, the communities affected and the type of damage, as interpreted from taxation records, has created a database spanning the years 1650 to 1941 AD. A total of 766 records contain descriptions that cover 433 days upon which Hailstorms did damage in South Moravia, as well as incidentally provide some additional information for the remainder of the Czech Lands and other parts of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The Hailstorms detected concentrate to a large extent around the 1821–1850 period, which accounts for 44.4 % of all events. Although reported most frequently without other convective phenomena, they were often accompanied by torrential rain. The current contribution analyses the four most outstanding Hailstorms in detail, those characterised by the highest number of estates and communities affected: 26 May 1830, 18 July 1832, 25 June 1844 and 20 June 1848. Uncertainties in Hailstorm data, particularly with regard to their spatial and temporal heterogeneity, are discussed. Finally, the 1811–1850 period, with the highest number of Hailstorm days, is compared with Hailstorm patterns that derive from systematic meteorological observations in the 1961–2000 reference period. Damaging Hailstorms disclosed by taxation data will be used to compile long-term Hailstorm series for South Moravia (together with those derived from other documentary evidence and systematic meteorological observations).
Hubert Valášek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A long-term chronology of summer half-year Hailstorms for South Moravia, Czech Republic
Climate Research, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava Řezníčková, Pavel Zahradníček, Petr DobrovolnýAbstract:Climatological analyses of Hailstorms, as phenomena of local or regional occurrence with associated damage, depend strongly on the quality and density of meteorological observations. Documentary sources, both historical and modern, including insurance company records, can be used to complement existing meteorological data or extend them into the period prior to continuous meteorological observations. This paper employs such aids to compile a long-term Hailstorm chronology for the summer half-year (April-September) in South Moravia (Czech Republic) based on derivations from various types of documentary evidence together with systematic meteorological records. Although the first single Hailstorm record dates back to 17 August 1435, the number of Hailstorms detected only increases significantly after the 18th century. Documentary sources favour reports of particularly damaging Hailstorms, so frequency increases with the number of surviving documents; obviously, this can never achieve the coverage maintained in the period of organised meteorological observations. The best temporal coverage of Hailstorm days during the summer half-year in South Moravia starts in 1925 and expresses an overal decreasing trend of -0.05 d per 10 yr up to 2015, more marked after 1961 (-1.4 d per 10 yr). Particularly damaging Hailstorms, on 20 June 1848, 1 July 1902, 10 July 1902 and 19 July 1903, are described. Finally, uncertainties in the Hailstorm chronology are discussed, and differences related to various aspects of Hailstorm days detected from documentary and meteorological data in three 40 yr periods are analysed.
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Damaging Hailstorms in South Moravia, Czech Republic, in the seventeenth to twentieth centuries as derived from taxation records
Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2016Co-Authors: Rudolf Brázdil, Kateřina Chromá, Hubert Valášek, Lukáš Dolák, Ladislava ŘezníčkováAbstract:Hailstorms are among the hydrometeorological extremes recognised in the historical past of the Czech Lands as grounds for tax relief if agricultural crops or material structures were damaged by them. The administrative process involved three levels (community, regional office, land office). The damage reports and taxation records for South Moravia (the southeastern parts of today’s Czech Republic) were mainly stored in the Moravian Land Archives at Brno in estate accounts and collections of family archives. Data related to the date of a given Hailstorm, its accompanying convective phenomena, the communities affected and the type of damage, as interpreted from taxation records, has created a database spanning the years 1650 to 1941 AD. A total of 766 records contain descriptions that cover 433 days upon which Hailstorms did damage in South Moravia, as well as incidentally provide some additional information for the remainder of the Czech Lands and other parts of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The Hailstorms detected concentrate to a large extent around the 1821–1850 period, which accounts for 44.4 % of all events. Although reported most frequently without other convective phenomena, they were often accompanied by torrential rain. The current contribution analyses the four most outstanding Hailstorms in detail, those characterised by the highest number of estates and communities affected: 26 May 1830, 18 July 1832, 25 June 1844 and 20 June 1848. Uncertainties in Hailstorm data, particularly with regard to their spatial and temporal heterogeneity, are discussed. Finally, the 1811–1850 period, with the highest number of Hailstorm days, is compared with Hailstorm patterns that derive from systematic meteorological observations in the 1961–2000 reference period. Damaging Hailstorms disclosed by taxation data will be used to compile long-term Hailstorm series for South Moravia (together with those derived from other documentary evidence and systematic meteorological observations).
