The Experts below are selected from a list of 60489 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David L Eaton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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public Health Consequences of e cigarette use
JAMA Internal Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Gideon St Helen, David L EatonAbstract:Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their Health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related Health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the Health effects of e-cigarettes.Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and Health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
Robert E Mckeown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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physical Health Consequences of physical and psychological intimate partner violence
Archives of Family Medicine, 2000Co-Authors: Ann L Coker, Paige Hall Smith, Lesa Bethea, Melissa King, Robert E MckeownAbstract:BACKGROUND: Past studies that have addressed the Health effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) have defined IPV as violence based on physical blows that frequently cause injuries. To our knowledge, no epidemiologic research has assessed the physical Health Consequences of psychological forms of IPV. OBJECTIVE: To estimate IPV prevalence by type and associated physical Health Consequences among women seeking primary Health care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1152 women, aged 18 to 65 years, recruited from family practice clinics from February 1997 through January 1999 and screened for IPV during a brief in-clinic interview; Health history and current status were assessed in a follow-up interview. RESULTS: Of 1152 women surveyed, 53.6% ever experienced any type of partner violence; 13.6% experienced psychological IPV without physical IPV. Women experiencing psychological IPV were significantly more likely to report poor physical and mental Health (adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.69 for physical Health and 1.74 for mental Health). Psychological IPV was associated with a number of adverse Health outcomes, including a disability preventing work (adjusted RR, 1.49), arthritis (adjusted RR, 1.67), chronic pain (adjusted RR, 1.91), migraine (adjusted RR, 1.54) and other frequent headaches (adjusted RR, 1.41), stammering (adjusted RR, 2.31), sexually transmitted infections (adjusted RR, 1.82), chronic pelvic pain (adjusted RR, 1.62), stomach ulcers (adjusted RR, 1.72), spastic colon (adjusted RR, 3.62), and frequent indigestion, diarrhea, or constipation (adjusted RR, 1.30). Psychological IPV was as strongly associated with the majority of adverse Health outcomes as was physical IPV. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological IPV has significant physical Health Consequences. To reduce the range of Health Consequences associated with IPV, clinicians should screen for psychological forms of IPV as well as physical and sexual IPV. Language: en
Michiel E H Hemels - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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short and long term Health Consequences of sleep disruption
Nature and Science of Sleep, 2017Co-Authors: Goran Medic, Micheline Wille, Michiel E H HemelsAbstract:: Sleep plays a vital role in brain function and systemic physiology across many body systems. Problems with sleep are widely prevalent and include deficits in quantity and quality of sleep; sleep problems that impact the continuity of sleep are collectively referred to as sleep disruptions. Numerous factors contribute to sleep disruption, ranging from lifestyle and environmental factors to sleep disorders and other medical conditions. Sleep disruptions have substantial adverse short- and long-term Health Consequences. A literature search was conducted to provide a nonsystematic review of these Health Consequences (this review was designed to be nonsystematic to better focus on the topics of interest due to the myriad parameters affected by sleep). Sleep disruption is associated with increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, metabolic effects, changes in circadian rhythms, and proinflammatory responses. In otherwise Healthy adults, short-term Consequences of sleep disruption include increased stress responsivity, somatic pain, reduced quality of life, emotional distress and mood disorders, and cognitive, memory, and performance deficits. For adolescents, psychosocial Health, school performance, and risk-taking behaviors are impacted by sleep disruption. Behavioral problems and cognitive functioning are associated with sleep disruption in children. Long-term Consequences of sleep disruption in otherwise Healthy individuals include hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, weight-related issues, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and colorectal cancer. All-cause mortality is also increased in men with sleep disturbances. For those with underlying medical conditions, sleep disruption may diminish the Health-related quality of life of children and adolescents and may worsen the severity of common gastrointestinal disorders. As a result of the potential Consequences of sleep disruption, Health care professionals should be cognizant of how managing underlying medical conditions may help to optimize sleep continuity and consider prescribing interventions that minimize sleep disruption.
Douglas L Delahanty - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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long term physical Health Consequences of childhood sexual abuse a meta analytic review
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Leah A Irish, Ihori Kobayashi, Douglas L DelahantyAbstract:Objective The purpose of the present article was to systematically review the literature investigating the long-term physical Health Consequences of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Methods Literature searches yielded 31 studies comparing individuals with and without a history of CSA on six Health outcomes: general Health, gastrointestinal (GI) Health, gynecologic or reproductive Health, pain, cardiopulmonary symptoms, and obesity. Exploratory subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential methodological moderators. Results Results suggested that a history of CSA was associated with small to moderate group differences on almost all Health outcomes assessed, such that individuals with a history of CSA reported more complaints for each Health outcome. Suggestive trends in moderating variables of study design and methodology are presented. Conclusions Results highlight the long-term physical Health Consequences of CSA and identify potential moderators to aid in the design of future research.
Paige Hall Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical and Mental Health Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence in Men and Women.
2020Co-Authors: Paige Hall SmithAbstract:Background Few population-based studies have assessed the physical and mental Health Consequences of both psychological and physical intimate partner violence (IPV) among women or men victims. This study estimated IPV prevalence by type (physical, sexual, and psychological) and associated physical and mental Health Consequences among women and men. Methods The study analyzed data from the National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAWS) of women and men aged 18 to 65. This random-digit-dial telephone survey included questions about violent victimization and Health status indicators. Results A total of 28.9% of 6790 women and 22.9% of 7122 men had experienced physical, sexual, or psychological IPV during their lifetime. Women were significantly more likely than men to experience physical or sexual IPV (relative risk [RR]=2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.1, 2.4) and abuse of power and control (RR=1.1, 95% CI=1.0, 1.2), but less likely than men to report verbal abuse alone (RR=0.8, 95% CI=0.7, 0.9). For both men and women, physical IPV victimization was associated with increased risk of current poor Health; depressive symptoms; substance use; and developing a chronic disease, chronic mental illness, and injury. In general, abuse of power and control was more strongly associated with these Health outcomes than was verbal abuse. When physical and psychological IPV scores were both included in logistic regression models, higher psychological IPV scores were more strongly associated with these Health outcomes than were physical IPV scores. Conclusions Both physical and psychological IPV are associated with significant physical and mental Health Consequences for both male and female victims.
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physical Health Consequences of physical and psychological intimate partner violence
Archives of Family Medicine, 2000Co-Authors: Ann L Coker, Paige Hall Smith, Lesa Bethea, Melissa King, Robert E MckeownAbstract:BACKGROUND: Past studies that have addressed the Health effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) have defined IPV as violence based on physical blows that frequently cause injuries. To our knowledge, no epidemiologic research has assessed the physical Health Consequences of psychological forms of IPV. OBJECTIVE: To estimate IPV prevalence by type and associated physical Health Consequences among women seeking primary Health care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1152 women, aged 18 to 65 years, recruited from family practice clinics from February 1997 through January 1999 and screened for IPV during a brief in-clinic interview; Health history and current status were assessed in a follow-up interview. RESULTS: Of 1152 women surveyed, 53.6% ever experienced any type of partner violence; 13.6% experienced psychological IPV without physical IPV. Women experiencing psychological IPV were significantly more likely to report poor physical and mental Health (adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.69 for physical Health and 1.74 for mental Health). Psychological IPV was associated with a number of adverse Health outcomes, including a disability preventing work (adjusted RR, 1.49), arthritis (adjusted RR, 1.67), chronic pain (adjusted RR, 1.91), migraine (adjusted RR, 1.54) and other frequent headaches (adjusted RR, 1.41), stammering (adjusted RR, 2.31), sexually transmitted infections (adjusted RR, 1.82), chronic pelvic pain (adjusted RR, 1.62), stomach ulcers (adjusted RR, 1.72), spastic colon (adjusted RR, 3.62), and frequent indigestion, diarrhea, or constipation (adjusted RR, 1.30). Psychological IPV was as strongly associated with the majority of adverse Health outcomes as was physical IPV. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological IPV has significant physical Health Consequences. To reduce the range of Health Consequences associated with IPV, clinicians should screen for psychological forms of IPV as well as physical and sexual IPV. Language: en