The Experts below are selected from a list of 1462785 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paul D Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
human pharmaceuticals in us surface waters a human Health Risk assessment
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2005Co-Authors: Bradley W Schwab, Eileen P Hayes, Janice M Fiori, Frank Mastrocco, Nicholas Roden, David Cragin, Roger D Meyerhoff, Vincent J Daco, Paul D AndersonAbstract:The detection of low levels of pharmaceuticals in rivers and streams, drinking water, and groundwater has raised questions as to whether these levels may affect human Health. This report presents human Health Risk assessments for 26 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and/or their metabolites, representing 14 different drug classes, for which environmental monitoring data are available for the United States. Acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) are derived using the considerable data that are available for APIs. The resulting ADIs are designed to protect potentially exposed populations, including sensitive sub-populations. The ADIs are then used to estimate predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) for two sources of potential human exposure: drinking water and fish ingestion. The PNECs are compared to measured environmental concentrations (MECs) from the published literature and to maximum predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) generated using the PhATE model. The PhATE model predictions are made under conservative assumptions of low river flow and no depletion (i.e., no metabolism, no removal during wastewater or drinking water treatment, and no instream depletion). Ratios of MECs to PNECs are typically very low and consistent with PEC to PNEC ratios. For all 26 compounds, these low ratios indicate that no appreciable human Health Risk exists from the presence of trace concentrations of these APIs in surface water and drinking water.
Zhao Xiaojia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
environmental Health Risk assessment of trace toxic and harmful pollutant in drinking water source
Environmental Monitoring in China, 2014Co-Authors: Zhao XiaojiaAbstract:Environmental Health Risk of drinking water source was derived from carcinogen、non-carcinogenic poison and radiation. The computational models of these three type Risk were established on their dose-reaction relations. In this paper,these models were applied to assess the Health Risk of №4 waterworks in Yangzhou based on some parameters adjustment. The results indicated that the Health Risk caused by trace toxic and harmful pollutants in this drinking water source was 4. 87 × 108a1. The Risk was much lower than the value recommended by EPA. The key to control Risk of this drinking water source was reducing emissions of halohydrocarbon having potential carcinogenic effect.
Myunghyun Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
psychological impact of Health Risk appraisal of korean women at different levels of breast cancer Risk neglected aspect of the web based cancer Risk assessment tool
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2012Co-Authors: Su Yeon Kye, Keeho Park, Hyeong Geun Park, Myunghyun KimAbstract:Objective: Health Risk appraisal is often utilized to modify individual’s Health behavior, especially concerning disease prevention, and web-based Health Risk appraisal services are being provided to the general public in Korea. However, little is known about the psychological effect of the Health Risk appraisal even though poorly communicated information by the web-based service may result in unintended adverse Health outcomes. This study was conducted to explore the psychological effect of Health Risk appraisal using epidemiological Risk factor profile. Methods: We conducted a randomized trial comparing Risk factor list type Health Risk appraisal and Risk score type Health Risk appraisal. We studied 60 women aged 30 years and older who had no cancer. Anxiety level was assessed using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory YZ. Results: The results of multivariate analysis showed that Risk status was the independent predictors of increase of state anxiety after Health Risk appraisal intervention when age, education, Health Risk appraisal type, numeracy, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and Health Risk appraisal type by Risk status interaction was adjusted. Women who had higher Risk status had an odd of having increased anxiety that was about 5 times greater than women who had lower Risk status. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that communicating the Risk status by individual Health Risk appraisal service can induce psychological sequelae, especially in women having higher Risk status. Hospitals, institutes, or medical schools that are operating or planning to operate the online Health Risk appraisal service should take side effects such as psychological sequelae into consideration.
Andrew R Humpage - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Health Risk assessment of cyanobacterial blue green algal toxins in drinking water
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2005Co-Authors: Ian R Falconer, Andrew R HumpageAbstract:Cyanobacterial toxins have caused human poisoning in the Americas, Europe and Australia. There is accumulating evidence that they are present in treated drinking water supplies when cyanobacterial blooms occur in source waters. With increased population pressure and depleted groundwater reserves, surface water is becoming more used as a raw water source, both from rivers and lakes/reservoirs. Additional nutrients in water which arise from sewage discharge, agricultural run-off or storm water result in overabundance of cyanobacteria, described as a ‘water bloom’. The majority of cyanobacterial water-blooms are of toxic species, producing a diversity of toxins. The most important toxins presenting a Risk to the human population are the neurotoxic alkaloids (anatoxins and paralytic shellfish poisons), the cyclic peptide hepatotoxins (microcystins) and the cytotoxic alkaloids (cylindrospermopsins). At the present time the only cyanobacteral toxin family that have been internationally assessed for Health Risk by the WHO are the microcystins, which cause acute liver injury and are active tumour promoters. Based on sub-chronic studies in rodents and pigs, a provisional Guideline Level for drinking water of 1μg/L of microcystin-LR has been determined. This has been adopted in legislation in countries in Europe, South America and Australasia. This may be revised in the light of future teratogenicity, reproductive toxicity and carcinogenicity studies. The other cyanobacterial toxin which has been proposed for detailed Health Risk assessment is cylindrospermopsin, a cytotoxic compound which has marked genotoxicity, probable mutagenicity, and is a potential carcinogen. This toxin has caused human poisoning from drinking water, and occurs in water supplies in the USA, Europe, Asia, Australia and South America. An initial Health Risk assessment is presented with a proposed drinking water Guideline Level of 1μg/L. There is a need for both increased monitoring data for toxins in drinking water and epidemiological studies on adverse Health effects in exposed populations to clarify the extent of the Health Risk.
Jun Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Health Risk assessment by consumption of vegetables irrigated with reclaimed waste water a case study in thika kenya
Journal of Environmental Management, 2019Co-Authors: Samwel Maina Njuguna, Victorine Anyango Makokha, Xue Yan, Robert Wahiti Gituru, Qingfeng Wang, Jun WangAbstract:Abstract Current study was conducted to assess remediation efficiency of heavy metals in Thika waste water treatment plant, human Health Risk posed by consumption of vegetables irrigated with its reclaimed waste water, and vegetables supplied at Makongeni market. Concentration of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and Pb was investigated in the sludge, waste water and vegetables, spinach (Spinacea oleracea), kales (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum). Thika waste water treatment plant was efficient in heavy metal remediation. Effluent heavy metal concentration was within recommended concentration for irrigation. Dietary intake of heavy metals and target hazard quotient were used to evaluate Health Risk posed to consumers. Heavy metals concentrations of vegetables sampled and analyzed were within world Health organization permissible limit. Thika waste water treatment plant was found to be efficient; however, regular dredging is essential to reduce accumulated heavy metals in the sludge. Moreover, the study outcome revealed that besides reclaimed waste water that may be perceived to pose great Health Risk to consumers, the whole food production and distribution chain should be monitored to guarantee food safety.
