The Experts below are selected from a list of 323061 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Valerie A Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling zero modified count and semicontinuous data in Health Services Research part 1 background and overview
Statistics in Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Brian Neelon, James A Omalley, Valerie A SmithAbstract:Health Services data often contain a high proportion of zeros. In studies examining patient hospitalization rates, for instance, many patients will have no hospitalizations, resulting in a count of zero. When the number of zeros is greater or less than expected under a standard count model, the data are said to be zero modified relative to the standard model. A similar phenomenon arises with semicontinuous data, which are characterized by a spike at zero followed by a continuous distribution with positive support. When analyzing zero-modified count and semicontinuous data, flexible mixture distributions are often needed to accommodate both the excess zeros and the typically skewed distribution of nonzero values. Various models have been introduced over the past three decades to accommodate such data, including hurdle models, zero-inflated models, and two-part semicontinuous models. This tutorial describes recent modeling strategies for zero-modified count and semicontinuous data and highlights their role in Health Services Research studies. Part 1 of the tutorial, presented here, provides a general overview of the topic. Part 2, appearing as a companion piece in this issue of Statistics in Medicine, discusses three case studies illustrating applications of the methods to Health Services Research. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kathryn Hunt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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using secondary analysis of qualitative data of patient experiences of Health care to inform Health Services Research and policy
Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Sue Ziebland, Kathryn HuntAbstract:Qualitative Research is recognized as an important method for including patients' voices and experiences in Health Services Research and policy-making, yet the considerable potential to analyse exi...
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using secondary analysis of qualitative data of patient experiences of Health care to inform Health Services Research and policy
Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Sue Ziebland, Kathryn HuntAbstract:Qualitative Research is recognized as an important method for including patients’ voices and experiences in Health Services Research and policy-making, yet the considerable potential to analyse existing qualitative data to inform Health policy and practice has been little realized. This failure may partly be explained by: a lack of awareness amongst Health policy makers of the increasing wealth of qualitative data available; and around 15 years of internal debates among qualitative Researchers on the strengths, limitations and validity of re-use of qualitative data. Whilst acknowledging the challenges of qualitative secondary data analysis, we argue that there is a growing imperative to be pragmatic and to undertake analysis of existing qualitative data collections where they have the potential to contribute to Health policy formulation. Time pressures are inherent in the policy-making process and in many circumstances it is not possible to seek funding, conduct and analyse new qualitative studies of patients’ experiences in time to inform a specific policy. The danger then is that the patient voice, and the experiences of relatives and carers, is either excluded or included in a way that is easily dismissed as ‘unrepresentative’. We argue that secondary analysis of qualitative data collections may sometimes be an effective means to enable patient experiences to inform policy decision-making.
Nicole Ernstmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dnvf memorandum Health literacy part 1 background relevance Research topics and questions in Health Services Research
Gesundheitswesen, 2020Co-Authors: Nicole Ernstmann, Erik Farin, E M Bitzer, Ullrich Bauer, Evamaria Berens, Torsten Michael Bollweg, Martin Danner, Andrea Dehnhindenberg, Marieluise Dierks, Sandra GroboschAbstract:More than half of the German population has difficulties in dealing with Health information. It is an important task of Health Services Research to examine how Healthcare professionals and Health care organizations can meet this challenge. The DNVF Memorandum Health Literacy (Part 1) defines the terms of individual and organizational Health literacy, presents the national and international state of Research and ethical aspects of Health literacy Research in Health care settings. The relevance of Health literacy Research is worked out in different phases of life, for different target groups and in different Healthcare contexts. Central Research topics and future Research desiderata are derived.
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dnvf memorandum iii methods for Health Services Research part 4 concept and methods for organizational Health Services Research chapter 3 methodological approaches for the evaluation and implementation of complex interventions in Healthcare organizations
Gesundheitswesen, 2019Co-Authors: Markus Wirtz, E M Bitzer, Utesusann Albert, Lena Ansmann, Martina Bogel, Nicole Ernstmann, Alfons Hollederer, Kira Isabel Hower, Marina NowakAbstract:Organizational Health Services Research is still a relatively young field of Research in Germany which is of increasing interest. The German Network Health Services Research e.V. (DNVF e.V.) published in 2009 - supported by expert associations and individual members of the DNVF - a guide on "Methods for organizational Health Services Research" of the Memorandum III, part 1 [1]. Originating from this publication and facilitated by the increasing relevance of the field, a necessity to refine the conceptual and methodological basis became evident. The update and extension of the publication from 2009 consists of three chapters: (1) Definition and concept of organizational Health Services Research, (2) Methodological approaches in organizational Health Services Research: indicators, data sources, data collection and data analysis, (3) Methodological approaches for the design, evaluation and implementation of complex interventions in Health care organizations. The aim of the third chapter is to present methods for intervention design, evaluation of effectiveness and efficacy as well as implementation Research with particular regard to the organizational context of interventions to improve Health care.
Sarah Hudson Scholle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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variations among institutional review board reviews in a multisite Health Services Research study
Health Services Research, 2005Co-Authors: Kathleen Dziak, Roger T Anderson, Mary Ann Sevick, Carol S Weisman, Douglas W Levine, Sarah Hudson ScholleAbstract:Obtaining Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval for Health Services Research (HSR) is increasingly challenging. The Health Information Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA 1996) called for the development of Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information (Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information, Final Rule 2002). These regulations impose substantial limits on Researchers' access to medical record data and penalties for institutions that do not take steps to protect the privacy of patient data. These concerns are particularly heightened given recent scrutiny of human subjects Research (Steinbrook 2002). Restrictions on access to data because of privacy concerns are of special importance in HSR because of the need for access to population-based samples of patients (Institute of Medicine 2000). HSR often uses existing databases such as insurance claims and medical records or patient interviews about Health care experiences, Health risks, and other factors (Brook, McGlynn, and Cleary 1996). In most Health Services studies, risks are likely to be associated with subjects' discomfort with disclosing personal information or the potential loss of privacy. The potential benefits are to improve care quality through enhanced vigilance, new standards or practices, or education. Still, the uncertainty about the possible harmful impact of disclosure of Health information in HSR can create great concern (Burman et al. 2001; Friedrich 2001). Previous Research has documented widespread variation in how IRBs handle multisite studies involving clinical Research (Goldman and Katz 1982; Silverman, Chandros, and Sugarman 2001; Stair et al. 2001). Less is known about the variations in how IRBs handle HSR studies (Lynn, Johnson, and Levine 1994; Friedrich 2001). A handful of previous studies reported increased protocol changes and more frequent requirements for advance authorization from potential participants before patient contact. These changes led to delays in data collection and publication (McCarthy et al. 1999; Bennett, Sipler, Parada et al. 2001; Nelson et al. 2002). Research to date fails to capture in a prospective fashion the variability in the process and content of IRB deliberations. A federally funded study evaluating clinical care in the National Centers of Excellence (CoEs) in Women's Health provided an opportunity to examine variations in IRB review of HSR with prospective tracking of the IRB review process. This report (1) documents the IRB review process, including the type of review, whether revisions were requested, and the length of time from initial submission to approval, (2) describes IRB decisions regarding patient notification and recruitment, and (3) explores the impact of different recruitment procedures on patient participation in Research.
Sandra Grobosch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dnvf memorandum Health literacy part 1 background relevance Research topics and questions in Health Services Research
Gesundheitswesen, 2020Co-Authors: Nicole Ernstmann, Erik Farin, E M Bitzer, Ullrich Bauer, Evamaria Berens, Torsten Michael Bollweg, Martin Danner, Andrea Dehnhindenberg, Marieluise Dierks, Sandra GroboschAbstract:More than half of the German population has difficulties in dealing with Health information. It is an important task of Health Services Research to examine how Healthcare professionals and Health care organizations can meet this challenge. The DNVF Memorandum Health Literacy (Part 1) defines the terms of individual and organizational Health literacy, presents the national and international state of Research and ethical aspects of Health literacy Research in Health care settings. The relevance of Health literacy Research is worked out in different phases of life, for different target groups and in different Healthcare contexts. Central Research topics and future Research desiderata are derived.
