The Experts below are selected from a list of 1599 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hongbo Shao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of phenolic acids of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l responding to salt stress by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
The Scientific World Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Fujia Chen, Xiaohua Long, Hongbo Shao, Zhaopu Liu, Ling LiuAbstract:Plant phenolics can have applications in pharmaceutical and other industries. To identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in Helianthus tuberosus leaves, qualitative analysis was performed by a reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and quantitative analysis by HPLC. Ten chlorogenic acids (CGAs) were identified (3-o-caffeoylquinic acid, two isomers of caffeoylquinic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaroyl-quinic acid, feruloylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoyquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid) by comparing their retention times, UV-Vis absorption spectra, and MS/MS spectra with standards. In addition, four other phenolic compounds, including caffeoyl glucopyranose, isorhamnetin glucoside, kaempferol glucuronide, and kaempferol-3-o-glucoside, were tentatively identified in Helianthus tuberosus leaves for the first time. The 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid (7.752mg/g DW), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5.633mg/g DW), and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4.900mg/g DW) were the major phenolic compounds in leaves of Helianthus tuberosus cultivar NanYu in maturity. The variations in phenolic concentrations and proportions in Helianthus tuberosus leaves were influenced by genotype and plant growth stage. Cultivar NanYu had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds, in particular 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid compared with the other genotypes (wild accession and QingYu). Considering various growth stages, the concentration of total phenolics in cultivar NanYu was higher at flowering stage (5.270 mg/g DW) than at budding and tuber swelling stages. Cultivar NanYu of Helianthus tuberosus is a potential source of natural phenolics that may play an important role in the development of pharmaceuticals.
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phenolics and antifungal activities analysis in industrial crop jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l leaves
Industrial Crops and Products, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaohua Long, Fujia Chen, Mengni Yu, Hongbo ShaoAbstract:Spoilage of industrial fruits and vegetables in storage and transportation due to fungal infection results in significant losses, and new natural antifungal treatments would have a large economic value. The extracts of antifungal compounds and phenolic acids from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) leaves were investigated for potential use in enhancing preservation of fruits and vegetables in storage. Either crude leaf extract or n-butanol fraction was active against Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phytophthora capsici Leonian and Rhizoctonia cerealis, with the values of IC50 (half of the maximum inhibitory concentration) ranging from 2466 to 2.534 g L-1 for the crude leaf extract and 0.232-1.911 g L-1 for n-butanol fraction. The severity of grey mould caused by B. cinerea was significantly reduced by n-butanol fraction applied at I and 2 g L-1 (the control efficiency of 71.3% and 77.8%, respectively, compared with commercial preparation Carbendazim. Following in vitro activity-guided fractionation by bioautography, six phenolic acids were separated from n-butanol fraction. Among them, caffeic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid played a dominant role and were active in bioassays against Gibberella zeae, with respective minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) being 108, 60 and 4.2 mu g mL(-1). These results imply that Jerusalem artichoke leaves might be a potential source of natural fungicides. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil by two jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l genotypes
Clean-soil Air Water, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaohua Long, Zhaopu Liu, Lin Wang, Xuheng Wang, Jinxing Wang, Zhenhua Zhang, Rengel Zed, Hongbo ShaoAbstract:Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) can be used not just for bioethanol production, bur potentially also for soil phytoremediation via removal of heavy metal pollutants. An experiment was carried out to characterize the phytoextraction efficiency of two Jerusalem artichoke genotype (NY2 and NY5) in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. After 90 days of growth, NY5 had greater plant biomass and greater Cd accumulation in tissues than NY2. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were slightly higher when plants were grown in Cd-contaminated versus control soil. It implies that this examined NY2 and NY5 can extract more Cd than some hyperaccumulators, indicating that NY2 and NY5 can be applied to clean up Cd-contaminated soils. Compared with NY2, NY5 had higher phytoextraction potential due to more biomass and higher concentrations of Cd in tissues, and may therefore be the better candidates for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated soil.
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jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus a medicinal salt resistant plant has high adaptability and multiple use values
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011Co-Authors: Xiao Yong, Hongbo Shao, Li Hua Zhang, Feng Zhang, Marian BresticAbstract:Jerusalem aritichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) is an Angiosperm plant species of the Compositae family, and a C-3 warm-season species of sunflower. This herbaceous plant shows significant ecological and commercial importance for its strong stress tolerance, very high yield potential and more application areas such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals and industrial applications. The morphologic, bio-ecological characteristics, the utilization and applied values of H. tuberosus are introduced in the present review and put forward the problems that need to be studied further in the future for its wider application. Many wild plants besides H. tuberosus can be planted as medicinal plants in saline-alkali soil for their remarkable saline-alkali tolerance as well as economic values.
Xiaohua Long - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of phenolic acids of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l responding to salt stress by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
The Scientific World Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Fujia Chen, Xiaohua Long, Hongbo Shao, Zhaopu Liu, Ling LiuAbstract:Plant phenolics can have applications in pharmaceutical and other industries. To identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in Helianthus tuberosus leaves, qualitative analysis was performed by a reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and quantitative analysis by HPLC. Ten chlorogenic acids (CGAs) were identified (3-o-caffeoylquinic acid, two isomers of caffeoylquinic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaroyl-quinic acid, feruloylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoyquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid) by comparing their retention times, UV-Vis absorption spectra, and MS/MS spectra with standards. In addition, four other phenolic compounds, including caffeoyl glucopyranose, isorhamnetin glucoside, kaempferol glucuronide, and kaempferol-3-o-glucoside, were tentatively identified in Helianthus tuberosus leaves for the first time. The 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid (7.752mg/g DW), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5.633mg/g DW), and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4.900mg/g DW) were the major phenolic compounds in leaves of Helianthus tuberosus cultivar NanYu in maturity. The variations in phenolic concentrations and proportions in Helianthus tuberosus leaves were influenced by genotype and plant growth stage. Cultivar NanYu had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds, in particular 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid compared with the other genotypes (wild accession and QingYu). Considering various growth stages, the concentration of total phenolics in cultivar NanYu was higher at flowering stage (5.270 mg/g DW) than at budding and tuber swelling stages. Cultivar NanYu of Helianthus tuberosus is a potential source of natural phenolics that may play an important role in the development of pharmaceuticals.
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phenolics and antifungal activities analysis in industrial crop jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l leaves
Industrial Crops and Products, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaohua Long, Fujia Chen, Mengni Yu, Hongbo ShaoAbstract:Spoilage of industrial fruits and vegetables in storage and transportation due to fungal infection results in significant losses, and new natural antifungal treatments would have a large economic value. The extracts of antifungal compounds and phenolic acids from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) leaves were investigated for potential use in enhancing preservation of fruits and vegetables in storage. Either crude leaf extract or n-butanol fraction was active against Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phytophthora capsici Leonian and Rhizoctonia cerealis, with the values of IC50 (half of the maximum inhibitory concentration) ranging from 2466 to 2.534 g L-1 for the crude leaf extract and 0.232-1.911 g L-1 for n-butanol fraction. The severity of grey mould caused by B. cinerea was significantly reduced by n-butanol fraction applied at I and 2 g L-1 (the control efficiency of 71.3% and 77.8%, respectively, compared with commercial preparation Carbendazim. Following in vitro activity-guided fractionation by bioautography, six phenolic acids were separated from n-butanol fraction. Among them, caffeic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid played a dominant role and were active in bioassays against Gibberella zeae, with respective minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) being 108, 60 and 4.2 mu g mL(-1). These results imply that Jerusalem artichoke leaves might be a potential source of natural fungicides. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil by two jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l genotypes
Clean-soil Air Water, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaohua Long, Zhaopu Liu, Lin Wang, Xuheng Wang, Jinxing Wang, Zhenhua Zhang, Rengel Zed, Hongbo ShaoAbstract:Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) can be used not just for bioethanol production, bur potentially also for soil phytoremediation via removal of heavy metal pollutants. An experiment was carried out to characterize the phytoextraction efficiency of two Jerusalem artichoke genotype (NY2 and NY5) in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. After 90 days of growth, NY5 had greater plant biomass and greater Cd accumulation in tissues than NY2. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were slightly higher when plants were grown in Cd-contaminated versus control soil. It implies that this examined NY2 and NY5 can extract more Cd than some hyperaccumulators, indicating that NY2 and NY5 can be applied to clean up Cd-contaminated soils. Compared with NY2, NY5 had higher phytoextraction potential due to more biomass and higher concentrations of Cd in tissues, and may therefore be the better candidates for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated soil.
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influence of nitrogen fertilization on diazotrophic communities in the rhizosphere of the jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l
Research in Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Xianfa Meng, Xiaohua Long, Zhaopu Liu, Lin Wang, Zhenhua Zhang, Rengel ZedAbstract:Abstract Diazotrophs in the soil may be influenced by plant factors as well as nitrogen (N) fertilization. In this study, we investigated potential diazotrophic communities in the rhizosphere of the Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus L.) supplied with differing amounts of N. The community structure of N 2 -fixing bacteria was profiled using the length heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) based on a variation in the nifH gene. Higher numbers of diazotrophs were detected by T-RFLP compared to LH-PCR. The lowest number of N 2 -fixing bacteria was observed in the rhizosphere soil with high N fertilization. T-RFLP was a better method than LH-PCR for profiling microbial diversity of diazotrophs using multidimensional scaling (MDS) and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) of fingerprints as well as diversity measures. The supply of N fertilizer appeared to negatively influence the abundance of diazotrophs in the rhizophere of the Jerusalem artichoke.
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cadmium accumulation and translocation in two jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l cultivars
Pedosphere, 2011Co-Authors: Liang Chen, Xiaohua Long, Zhenhua Zhang, Xiaotao Zheng, Zed Rengel, Zhaopu LiuAbstract:Abstract Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) not just can be used for bioethanol production but may be potentially used in phytoremediation for the removal of heavy metal pollutants. Two Jerusalem artichoke cultivars, N2 and N5, were subjected to six cadmium (Cd) concentrations (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg L−1) to investigate Cd tolerance and accumulation. After 21 days of growth, the effects of Cd on growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and malondialdehyde content were evaluated. Most growth parameters were reduced under Cd stress. The two Jerusalem artichoke cultivars had relatively high Cd tolerance and accumulation capacity (> 100 mg kg−1), with N5 being more tolerant and having higher Cd accumulation than N2. Roots accumulate more Cd than stems and leaves. The bioconcentration factors (far higher than 1) and translocation factors (lower than 1) decreased with an increase in Cd applied. The results suggested that Jerusalem artichoke could be grown at relatively high Cd loads, and N5 could be an excellent candidate for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
Zhaopu Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of phenolic acids of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l responding to salt stress by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
The Scientific World Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Fujia Chen, Xiaohua Long, Hongbo Shao, Zhaopu Liu, Ling LiuAbstract:Plant phenolics can have applications in pharmaceutical and other industries. To identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in Helianthus tuberosus leaves, qualitative analysis was performed by a reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and quantitative analysis by HPLC. Ten chlorogenic acids (CGAs) were identified (3-o-caffeoylquinic acid, two isomers of caffeoylquinic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaroyl-quinic acid, feruloylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoyquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid) by comparing their retention times, UV-Vis absorption spectra, and MS/MS spectra with standards. In addition, four other phenolic compounds, including caffeoyl glucopyranose, isorhamnetin glucoside, kaempferol glucuronide, and kaempferol-3-o-glucoside, were tentatively identified in Helianthus tuberosus leaves for the first time. The 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid (7.752mg/g DW), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5.633mg/g DW), and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4.900mg/g DW) were the major phenolic compounds in leaves of Helianthus tuberosus cultivar NanYu in maturity. The variations in phenolic concentrations and proportions in Helianthus tuberosus leaves were influenced by genotype and plant growth stage. Cultivar NanYu had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds, in particular 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid compared with the other genotypes (wild accession and QingYu). Considering various growth stages, the concentration of total phenolics in cultivar NanYu was higher at flowering stage (5.270 mg/g DW) than at budding and tuber swelling stages. Cultivar NanYu of Helianthus tuberosus is a potential source of natural phenolics that may play an important role in the development of pharmaceuticals.
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phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil by two jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l genotypes
Clean-soil Air Water, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaohua Long, Zhaopu Liu, Lin Wang, Xuheng Wang, Jinxing Wang, Zhenhua Zhang, Rengel Zed, Hongbo ShaoAbstract:Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) can be used not just for bioethanol production, bur potentially also for soil phytoremediation via removal of heavy metal pollutants. An experiment was carried out to characterize the phytoextraction efficiency of two Jerusalem artichoke genotype (NY2 and NY5) in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. After 90 days of growth, NY5 had greater plant biomass and greater Cd accumulation in tissues than NY2. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were slightly higher when plants were grown in Cd-contaminated versus control soil. It implies that this examined NY2 and NY5 can extract more Cd than some hyperaccumulators, indicating that NY2 and NY5 can be applied to clean up Cd-contaminated soils. Compared with NY2, NY5 had higher phytoextraction potential due to more biomass and higher concentrations of Cd in tissues, and may therefore be the better candidates for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated soil.
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influence of nitrogen fertilization on diazotrophic communities in the rhizosphere of the jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l
Research in Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Xianfa Meng, Xiaohua Long, Zhaopu Liu, Lin Wang, Zhenhua Zhang, Rengel ZedAbstract:Abstract Diazotrophs in the soil may be influenced by plant factors as well as nitrogen (N) fertilization. In this study, we investigated potential diazotrophic communities in the rhizosphere of the Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus L.) supplied with differing amounts of N. The community structure of N 2 -fixing bacteria was profiled using the length heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) based on a variation in the nifH gene. Higher numbers of diazotrophs were detected by T-RFLP compared to LH-PCR. The lowest number of N 2 -fixing bacteria was observed in the rhizosphere soil with high N fertilization. T-RFLP was a better method than LH-PCR for profiling microbial diversity of diazotrophs using multidimensional scaling (MDS) and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) of fingerprints as well as diversity measures. The supply of N fertilizer appeared to negatively influence the abundance of diazotrophs in the rhizophere of the Jerusalem artichoke.
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cadmium accumulation and translocation in two jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l cultivars
Pedosphere, 2011Co-Authors: Liang Chen, Xiaohua Long, Zhenhua Zhang, Xiaotao Zheng, Zed Rengel, Zhaopu LiuAbstract:Abstract Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) not just can be used for bioethanol production but may be potentially used in phytoremediation for the removal of heavy metal pollutants. Two Jerusalem artichoke cultivars, N2 and N5, were subjected to six cadmium (Cd) concentrations (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg L−1) to investigate Cd tolerance and accumulation. After 21 days of growth, the effects of Cd on growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and malondialdehyde content were evaluated. Most growth parameters were reduced under Cd stress. The two Jerusalem artichoke cultivars had relatively high Cd tolerance and accumulation capacity (> 100 mg kg−1), with N5 being more tolerant and having higher Cd accumulation than N2. Roots accumulate more Cd than stems and leaves. The bioconcentration factors (far higher than 1) and translocation factors (lower than 1) decreased with an increase in Cd applied. The results suggested that Jerusalem artichoke could be grown at relatively high Cd loads, and N5 could be an excellent candidate for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
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seawater stress differentially affects germination growth photosynthesis and ion concentration in genotypes of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2010Co-Authors: Xiaohua Long, Zhenhua Zhang, Rengel Zed, Zengrong Huang, Zhaopu LiuAbstract:Two Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) genotypes, NY-1 and NY-7, were subjected to different seawater concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%) for various periods of time to determine the effects on seedling growth, ion content, and photosynthetic productivity in a greenhouse. Under different seawater concentrations, sprouting rates varied greatly among the genotypes. The differences in relative growth rate (RGR), leaf chlorophyll content, total leaf area (TLA), plant dry weight (PDW), photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), and efficiency of the light harvesting of photosystem II (Fv′/Fm′) were significant between NY-1 and NY-7 after 12 days of stress at 40 and 50% seawater. Seawater treatments resulted in the reduction of almost all the growth parameters and coincident increases of Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations in plant tissues. Our results indicate that there is great variability for seawater tolerance among H. tuberosus varieties, and that greater photosynthesis capacity, higher RGR, and relatively higher tissue Na+ accumulation at high seawater concentrations appears to be associated with seawater tolerance in H. tuberosus varieties.
Merete Edelenbos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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production of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l and impact on inulin and phenolic compounds
Processing and Impact on Active Components in Food, 2015Co-Authors: Vibe Bach, Morten Rahr Clausen, Merete EdelenbosAbstract:Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers have many health benefits and are suitable for human consumption. The tubers store energy as the fructose polymer inulin. The content of inulin and the degree of polymerization is dependent on cultivar, growing conditions, harvest time, and the maturity of the tubers. Jerusalem artichoke tubers can be stored in the field during winter, or in cold rooms. During storage inulin is degraded, and shorter chain inulin polymers and sucrose are formed. The content of phenolic compounds in Jerusalem artichoke tubers is highest in mature tubers and declines during winter. The major phenolic compounds are the phenolic acids chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, salicylic acid, and caffeic acid. The content of phenolic compounds is 2–12 times higher in the peel than in the flesh of the tubers.
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the effect of culinary preparation on carbohydrate composition texture and sensory quality of jerusalem artichoke tubers Helianthus tuberosus l
Lwt - Food Science and Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Vibe Bach, Ulla Kidmose, Sidsel Jensen, Jorn Nygaard Sorensen, Merete EdelenbosAbstract:Abstract The Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus L.) tuber is a root vegetable with excellent gastronomic qualities, however the culinary properties are underexploited. Carbohydrate content, instrumental texture analysis and sensory profiling were used to study the effects of culinary preparation in three different varieties of Jerusalem artichoke tubers at two different harvest times. Texture attributes and sweetness were the best sensory attributes to discriminate between varieties, although differences in texture and taste were somewhat evened out during boiling and baking. Instrumentally measured hardness and modulus declined in the order raw, boiled and baked. A positive correlation was determined between sensory crispness and instrumental hardness (Pearson r = 0.57, P = 0.013) of boiled tubers, but no other correlations were found between sensory attributes and instrumental texture measurements. The inulin content was not correlated to sweetness in any culinary preparation, but total sugars and sweetness were positively correlated in raw tubers. The mass loss during baking was higher in tubers harvested in spring than in autumn, indicating that the water binding capacity and cell membrane integrity of tubers declined during overwintering.
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metabolomics reveals drastic compositional changes during overwintering of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l tubers
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Morten Rahr Clausen, Vibe Bach, Merete Edelenbos, Hanne Christine BertramAbstract:Metabolic changes were investigated in overwintering Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics. Three varieties were studied; as a result of overwintering, the amount of inulin was found to decrease in Jerusalem artichoke tubers. This was mainly due to its conversion to sucrose and, at the same time, formation of inulin with a lower degree of polymerization. Major effects on the concentration of citric acid, malic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and adenosine were also found. Intriguingly, malic acid concentration increased and citric acid concentration decreased. These changes, together with an increase in sucrose and GABA concentrations, were ascribed to mobilization of nutrients prior to sprouting, suggesting that malic acid and GABA serve as carbon and nitrogen sources during sprouting of Jerusalem artichokes.
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effects of harvest time and variety on sensory quality and chemical composition of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus tubers
Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Vibe Bach, Ulla Kidmose, Gitte Kjeldsen Bjorn, Merete EdelenbosAbstract:Abstract Sensory evaluation and analysis of volatile compounds, sugars and inulin were used to assess the eating quality of three varieties of Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers harvested at three different times. Forty-one volatile compounds were isolated by dynamic headspace sampling and analysed by GC–MS. The total concentration of sampled volatiles was low with an average of 25.4 ng/g fresh weight and consisted mainly of terpenes. The sensory quality was determined by quantitative descriptive analysis of 19 sensory attributes. Significant differences were found between harvest times and varieties for sensory scores and concentrations of aroma volatiles. The sensory and aroma results separated the red-skinned variety Rema from the white-skinned Mari and Draga. Rema had a higher content of terpenes and was more associated with the unpleasant attributes iron flavour, fungus/earthy aroma and dried nut flavour compared to Mari and Draga.
Vibe Bach - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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production of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l and impact on inulin and phenolic compounds
Processing and Impact on Active Components in Food, 2015Co-Authors: Vibe Bach, Morten Rahr Clausen, Merete EdelenbosAbstract:Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers have many health benefits and are suitable for human consumption. The tubers store energy as the fructose polymer inulin. The content of inulin and the degree of polymerization is dependent on cultivar, growing conditions, harvest time, and the maturity of the tubers. Jerusalem artichoke tubers can be stored in the field during winter, or in cold rooms. During storage inulin is degraded, and shorter chain inulin polymers and sucrose are formed. The content of phenolic compounds in Jerusalem artichoke tubers is highest in mature tubers and declines during winter. The major phenolic compounds are the phenolic acids chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, salicylic acid, and caffeic acid. The content of phenolic compounds is 2–12 times higher in the peel than in the flesh of the tubers.
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the effect of culinary preparation on carbohydrate composition texture and sensory quality of jerusalem artichoke tubers Helianthus tuberosus l
Lwt - Food Science and Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Vibe Bach, Ulla Kidmose, Sidsel Jensen, Jorn Nygaard Sorensen, Merete EdelenbosAbstract:Abstract The Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus L.) tuber is a root vegetable with excellent gastronomic qualities, however the culinary properties are underexploited. Carbohydrate content, instrumental texture analysis and sensory profiling were used to study the effects of culinary preparation in three different varieties of Jerusalem artichoke tubers at two different harvest times. Texture attributes and sweetness were the best sensory attributes to discriminate between varieties, although differences in texture and taste were somewhat evened out during boiling and baking. Instrumentally measured hardness and modulus declined in the order raw, boiled and baked. A positive correlation was determined between sensory crispness and instrumental hardness (Pearson r = 0.57, P = 0.013) of boiled tubers, but no other correlations were found between sensory attributes and instrumental texture measurements. The inulin content was not correlated to sweetness in any culinary preparation, but total sugars and sweetness were positively correlated in raw tubers. The mass loss during baking was higher in tubers harvested in spring than in autumn, indicating that the water binding capacity and cell membrane integrity of tubers declined during overwintering.
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metabolomics reveals drastic compositional changes during overwintering of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus l tubers
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Morten Rahr Clausen, Vibe Bach, Merete Edelenbos, Hanne Christine BertramAbstract:Metabolic changes were investigated in overwintering Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics. Three varieties were studied; as a result of overwintering, the amount of inulin was found to decrease in Jerusalem artichoke tubers. This was mainly due to its conversion to sucrose and, at the same time, formation of inulin with a lower degree of polymerization. Major effects on the concentration of citric acid, malic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and adenosine were also found. Intriguingly, malic acid concentration increased and citric acid concentration decreased. These changes, together with an increase in sucrose and GABA concentrations, were ascribed to mobilization of nutrients prior to sprouting, suggesting that malic acid and GABA serve as carbon and nitrogen sources during sprouting of Jerusalem artichokes.
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effects of harvest time and variety on sensory quality and chemical composition of jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus tubers
Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Vibe Bach, Ulla Kidmose, Gitte Kjeldsen Bjorn, Merete EdelenbosAbstract:Abstract Sensory evaluation and analysis of volatile compounds, sugars and inulin were used to assess the eating quality of three varieties of Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers harvested at three different times. Forty-one volatile compounds were isolated by dynamic headspace sampling and analysed by GC–MS. The total concentration of sampled volatiles was low with an average of 25.4 ng/g fresh weight and consisted mainly of terpenes. The sensory quality was determined by quantitative descriptive analysis of 19 sensory attributes. Significant differences were found between harvest times and varieties for sensory scores and concentrations of aroma volatiles. The sensory and aroma results separated the red-skinned variety Rema from the white-skinned Mari and Draga. Rema had a higher content of terpenes and was more associated with the unpleasant attributes iron flavour, fungus/earthy aroma and dried nut flavour compared to Mari and Draga.