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Mona El Sayed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus cmv antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens in an egyptian rural area
    Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ahmed Elnawawy, Ashraf T Soliman, Omar El Azzouni, Elsayed Amer, Mohammed Abdel Karim, Soheir Demian, Mona El Sayed
    Abstract:

    To determine the seroprevalence of maternal and neonatal toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB>-B (HB) antigenaemia in a rural Egyptian area a prospective serological study was done on a randomly selected sample of pregnant women (n = 150) and their newBorn infants (n = 150). Sera were collected from the mothers during the first antenatal visit and at the time of delivery and cord Blood specimens (paired samples) taken from their infants to Be tested or toxoplasma-IgG and IgM antiBodies CMV-IgG and IgM antiBodies surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBe antigen (HBeAg). Maternal infection was indicated in cases where specific IgM antiBody was present or where an initial maternal specimen gave negative result for IgG antiBody But the second Blood specimen gave positive result. Specific IgM antiBody in a cord Blood specimen indicated fetal infection. Out of the 150 pregnant women 64 (43 per cent) were toxoplasma immune at their first antenatal visit and their newBorns were toxoplasma IgG positive. Toxoplasma specific IgM antiBody was detected in only three mothers at the time of delivery. The rate of maternal infection in susceptiBle pregnancies was 4 per cent and the maternal-fetal transmission rate was estimated to Be 33 per cent as only one newBorn infant had toxoplasma-IgM antiBody at Birth. This denoted a prevalence of congenital toxoplasma infection = <1.0 per cent to non-immune mothers. There were no clinical features of congenital infection in the infant with toxoplasma-IgM antiBody But he will require long-term follow-up. All the mothers infected during pregnancy had known risk factors for toxoplasma infection. One-hundred-and-forty-three (96 per cent) of the pregnant women were CMV-IgG seropositive at their first antenatal visit. At the time of delivery 143 (96 per cent) of the mothers and their newBorn infants were CMV-IgG seropositive. None of the mothers or their infants was CMV-IgM seropositive. HBsAg was detected in 8 per cent of pregnant mothers (n = 12) and in two (17 per cent) of their newBorn infants. None of the mothers was HBeAg positive. In conclusion the prevalence of toxoplasma infection during pregnancy and its transplacental transmission rate in a rural Egyptian area are high compared to other countries. A toxoplasmosis antenatal screening and puBlic education programmes for pregnant mothers is justifiaBle in rural Egypt. However it appears that an antenatal screening programme for CMV is at present not warranted. (authors)

  • maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus cmv antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens in an egyptian rural area
    Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ahmed Elnawawy, Ashraf T Soliman, Omar El Azzouni, Elsayed Amer, Mohammed Abdel Karim, Soheir Demian, Mona El Sayed
    Abstract:

    To determine the seroprevalence of maternal and neonatal toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB>-B (HB) antigenaemia in a rural Egyptian area a prospective serological study was done on a randomly selected sample of pregnant women (n = 150) and their newBorn infants (n = 150). Sera were collected from the mothers during the first antenatal visit and at the time of delivery and cord Blood specimens (paired samples) taken from their infants to Be tested or toxoplasma-IgG and IgM antiBodies CMV-IgG and IgM antiBodies surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBe antigen (HBeAg). Maternal infection was indicated in cases where specific IgM antiBody was present or where an initial maternal specimen gave negative result for IgG antiBody But the second Blood specimen gave positive result. Specific IgM antiBody in a cord Blood specimen indicated fetal infection. Out of the 150 pregnant women 64 (43 per cent) were toxoplasma immune at their first antenatal visit and their newBorns were toxoplasma IgG positive. Toxoplasma specific IgM antiBody was detected in only three mothers at the time of delivery. The rate of maternal infection in susceptiBle pregnancies was 4 per cent and the maternal-fetal transmission rate was estimated to Be 33 per cent as only one newBorn infant had toxoplasma-IgM antiBody at Birth. This denoted a prevalence of congenital toxoplasma infection = <1.0 per cent to non-immune mothers. There were no clinical features of congenital infection in the infant with toxoplasma-IgM antiBody But he will require long-term follow-up. All the mothers infected during pregnancy had known risk factors for toxoplasma infection. One-hundred-and-forty-three (96 per cent) of the pregnant women were CMV-IgG seropositive at their first antenatal visit. At the time of delivery 143 (96 per cent) of the mothers and their newBorn infants were CMV-IgG seropositive. None of the mothers or their infants was CMV-IgM seropositive. HBsAg was detected in 8 per cent of pregnant mothers (n = 12) and in two (17 per cent) of their newBorn infants. None of the mothers was HBeAg positive. In conclusion the prevalence of toxoplasma infection during pregnancy and its transplacental transmission rate in a rural Egyptian area are high compared to other countries. A toxoplasmosis antenatal screening and puBlic education programmes for pregnant mothers is justifiaBle in rural Egypt. However it appears that an antenatal screening programme for CMV is at present not warranted. (authors)

Roy Curtiss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • safety and immunogenicity in humans of an attenuated salmonella typhi vaccine vector strain expressing plasmid encoded <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens staBilized By the asd Balanced lethal vector system
    Infection and Immunity, 1997
    Co-Authors: Carol O Tacket, S M Kelly, Florian Schodel, Genevieve Losonsky, James P Nataro, Robert R Edelman, Myron M Levine, Roy Curtiss
    Abstract:

    Attenuated Salmonella typhi organisms which express genes encoding protective Antigens of other pathogens have Been developed for use as experimental oral vaccines. A delta asd S. typhi strain attenuated By deletions in cya, crp, and cdt which contains <B>HepatitisB> B core (HBc) and pre-S genes encoded on an Asd+ pBR-Based plasmid vector was constructed. Healthy adult volunteers ingested a single dose of 5 x 10(5) to 5 x 10(8) CFU of strain chi4073 (delta cya delta crp delta cdt S. typhi Ty2), 6 x 10(7) or 1 x 10(9) CFU of strain chi4632(pYA3149), a further derivative of chi4073 deleted in asd and containing the Asd+ vector without the HBc-pre-S fusion, or 3 x 10(7) or 7 x 10(8) CFU of strain X4632(pYA3167), a derivative containing the vector with the HBc-pre-S fusion. Chi4073 was generally well tolerated By 22 volunteers. No volunteer had fever or positive Blood cultures; 4 of 22 volunteers shed vaccine organisms in the stool in the first 48 h only. Two of 18 volunteers who received one of the plasmid-containing derivatives of chi4073 developed low-grade fevers on day 10 or 12 after ingestion. One of these volunteers had positive Blood cultures on days 7 and 8. Seven of these 18 volunteers had vaccine organisms detected in their stools in the first 48 h only. Most volunteers developed S. typhi-specific serum responses and developed S. typhi-specific antiBody-secreting cells. However, no volunteer developed serum antiBody to <B>HepatitisB> pre-S or pre-S-specific antiBody-secreting cells. Although the parent strain chi4073 was well tolerated, induced immunogloBulin G seroconversion to S. typhi lipopolysaccharide in 80 to 100% of vaccinees and stimulated specific IgA-secreting lymphocytes in 80 to 100% of vaccinees given a single oral dose of 2 x 10(7) and 5 x 10(8) CFU, chi4073 derivatives containing the Asd+ vector with and without sequences encoding the HBc-pre-S fusion caused occasional feBrile reactions at high doses and did not stimulate detectaBle immune responses to <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens.

Ahmed Elnawawy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus cmv antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens in an egyptian rural area
    Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ahmed Elnawawy, Ashraf T Soliman, Omar El Azzouni, Elsayed Amer, Mohammed Abdel Karim, Soheir Demian, Mona El Sayed
    Abstract:

    To determine the seroprevalence of maternal and neonatal toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB>-B (HB) antigenaemia in a rural Egyptian area a prospective serological study was done on a randomly selected sample of pregnant women (n = 150) and their newBorn infants (n = 150). Sera were collected from the mothers during the first antenatal visit and at the time of delivery and cord Blood specimens (paired samples) taken from their infants to Be tested or toxoplasma-IgG and IgM antiBodies CMV-IgG and IgM antiBodies surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBe antigen (HBeAg). Maternal infection was indicated in cases where specific IgM antiBody was present or where an initial maternal specimen gave negative result for IgG antiBody But the second Blood specimen gave positive result. Specific IgM antiBody in a cord Blood specimen indicated fetal infection. Out of the 150 pregnant women 64 (43 per cent) were toxoplasma immune at their first antenatal visit and their newBorns were toxoplasma IgG positive. Toxoplasma specific IgM antiBody was detected in only three mothers at the time of delivery. The rate of maternal infection in susceptiBle pregnancies was 4 per cent and the maternal-fetal transmission rate was estimated to Be 33 per cent as only one newBorn infant had toxoplasma-IgM antiBody at Birth. This denoted a prevalence of congenital toxoplasma infection = <1.0 per cent to non-immune mothers. There were no clinical features of congenital infection in the infant with toxoplasma-IgM antiBody But he will require long-term follow-up. All the mothers infected during pregnancy had known risk factors for toxoplasma infection. One-hundred-and-forty-three (96 per cent) of the pregnant women were CMV-IgG seropositive at their first antenatal visit. At the time of delivery 143 (96 per cent) of the mothers and their newBorn infants were CMV-IgG seropositive. None of the mothers or their infants was CMV-IgM seropositive. HBsAg was detected in 8 per cent of pregnant mothers (n = 12) and in two (17 per cent) of their newBorn infants. None of the mothers was HBeAg positive. In conclusion the prevalence of toxoplasma infection during pregnancy and its transplacental transmission rate in a rural Egyptian area are high compared to other countries. A toxoplasmosis antenatal screening and puBlic education programmes for pregnant mothers is justifiaBle in rural Egypt. However it appears that an antenatal screening programme for CMV is at present not warranted. (authors)

  • maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus cmv antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens in an egyptian rural area
    Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ahmed Elnawawy, Ashraf T Soliman, Omar El Azzouni, Elsayed Amer, Mohammed Abdel Karim, Soheir Demian, Mona El Sayed
    Abstract:

    To determine the seroprevalence of maternal and neonatal toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB>-B (HB) antigenaemia in a rural Egyptian area a prospective serological study was done on a randomly selected sample of pregnant women (n = 150) and their newBorn infants (n = 150). Sera were collected from the mothers during the first antenatal visit and at the time of delivery and cord Blood specimens (paired samples) taken from their infants to Be tested or toxoplasma-IgG and IgM antiBodies CMV-IgG and IgM antiBodies surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBe antigen (HBeAg). Maternal infection was indicated in cases where specific IgM antiBody was present or where an initial maternal specimen gave negative result for IgG antiBody But the second Blood specimen gave positive result. Specific IgM antiBody in a cord Blood specimen indicated fetal infection. Out of the 150 pregnant women 64 (43 per cent) were toxoplasma immune at their first antenatal visit and their newBorns were toxoplasma IgG positive. Toxoplasma specific IgM antiBody was detected in only three mothers at the time of delivery. The rate of maternal infection in susceptiBle pregnancies was 4 per cent and the maternal-fetal transmission rate was estimated to Be 33 per cent as only one newBorn infant had toxoplasma-IgM antiBody at Birth. This denoted a prevalence of congenital toxoplasma infection = <1.0 per cent to non-immune mothers. There were no clinical features of congenital infection in the infant with toxoplasma-IgM antiBody But he will require long-term follow-up. All the mothers infected during pregnancy had known risk factors for toxoplasma infection. One-hundred-and-forty-three (96 per cent) of the pregnant women were CMV-IgG seropositive at their first antenatal visit. At the time of delivery 143 (96 per cent) of the mothers and their newBorn infants were CMV-IgG seropositive. None of the mothers or their infants was CMV-IgM seropositive. HBsAg was detected in 8 per cent of pregnant mothers (n = 12) and in two (17 per cent) of their newBorn infants. None of the mothers was HBeAg positive. In conclusion the prevalence of toxoplasma infection during pregnancy and its transplacental transmission rate in a rural Egyptian area are high compared to other countries. A toxoplasmosis antenatal screening and puBlic education programmes for pregnant mothers is justifiaBle in rural Egypt. However it appears that an antenatal screening programme for CMV is at present not warranted. (authors)

Carol O Tacket - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • safety and immunogenicity in humans of an attenuated salmonella typhi vaccine vector strain expressing plasmid encoded <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens staBilized By the asd Balanced lethal vector system
    Infection and Immunity, 1997
    Co-Authors: Carol O Tacket, S M Kelly, Florian Schodel, Genevieve Losonsky, James P Nataro, Robert R Edelman, Myron M Levine, Roy Curtiss
    Abstract:

    Attenuated Salmonella typhi organisms which express genes encoding protective Antigens of other pathogens have Been developed for use as experimental oral vaccines. A delta asd S. typhi strain attenuated By deletions in cya, crp, and cdt which contains <B>HepatitisB> B core (HBc) and pre-S genes encoded on an Asd+ pBR-Based plasmid vector was constructed. Healthy adult volunteers ingested a single dose of 5 x 10(5) to 5 x 10(8) CFU of strain chi4073 (delta cya delta crp delta cdt S. typhi Ty2), 6 x 10(7) or 1 x 10(9) CFU of strain chi4632(pYA3149), a further derivative of chi4073 deleted in asd and containing the Asd+ vector without the HBc-pre-S fusion, or 3 x 10(7) or 7 x 10(8) CFU of strain X4632(pYA3167), a derivative containing the vector with the HBc-pre-S fusion. Chi4073 was generally well tolerated By 22 volunteers. No volunteer had fever or positive Blood cultures; 4 of 22 volunteers shed vaccine organisms in the stool in the first 48 h only. Two of 18 volunteers who received one of the plasmid-containing derivatives of chi4073 developed low-grade fevers on day 10 or 12 after ingestion. One of these volunteers had positive Blood cultures on days 7 and 8. Seven of these 18 volunteers had vaccine organisms detected in their stools in the first 48 h only. Most volunteers developed S. typhi-specific serum responses and developed S. typhi-specific antiBody-secreting cells. However, no volunteer developed serum antiBody to <B>HepatitisB> pre-S or pre-S-specific antiBody-secreting cells. Although the parent strain chi4073 was well tolerated, induced immunogloBulin G seroconversion to S. typhi lipopolysaccharide in 80 to 100% of vaccinees and stimulated specific IgA-secreting lymphocytes in 80 to 100% of vaccinees given a single oral dose of 2 x 10(7) and 5 x 10(8) CFU, chi4073 derivatives containing the Asd+ vector with and without sequences encoding the HBc-pre-S fusion caused occasional feBrile reactions at high doses and did not stimulate detectaBle immune responses to <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens.

Soheir Demian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus cmv antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens in an egyptian rural area
    Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ahmed Elnawawy, Ashraf T Soliman, Omar El Azzouni, Elsayed Amer, Mohammed Abdel Karim, Soheir Demian, Mona El Sayed
    Abstract:

    To determine the seroprevalence of maternal and neonatal toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB>-B (HB) antigenaemia in a rural Egyptian area a prospective serological study was done on a randomly selected sample of pregnant women (n = 150) and their newBorn infants (n = 150). Sera were collected from the mothers during the first antenatal visit and at the time of delivery and cord Blood specimens (paired samples) taken from their infants to Be tested or toxoplasma-IgG and IgM antiBodies CMV-IgG and IgM antiBodies surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBe antigen (HBeAg). Maternal infection was indicated in cases where specific IgM antiBody was present or where an initial maternal specimen gave negative result for IgG antiBody But the second Blood specimen gave positive result. Specific IgM antiBody in a cord Blood specimen indicated fetal infection. Out of the 150 pregnant women 64 (43 per cent) were toxoplasma immune at their first antenatal visit and their newBorns were toxoplasma IgG positive. Toxoplasma specific IgM antiBody was detected in only three mothers at the time of delivery. The rate of maternal infection in susceptiBle pregnancies was 4 per cent and the maternal-fetal transmission rate was estimated to Be 33 per cent as only one newBorn infant had toxoplasma-IgM antiBody at Birth. This denoted a prevalence of congenital toxoplasma infection = <1.0 per cent to non-immune mothers. There were no clinical features of congenital infection in the infant with toxoplasma-IgM antiBody But he will require long-term follow-up. All the mothers infected during pregnancy had known risk factors for toxoplasma infection. One-hundred-and-forty-three (96 per cent) of the pregnant women were CMV-IgG seropositive at their first antenatal visit. At the time of delivery 143 (96 per cent) of the mothers and their newBorn infants were CMV-IgG seropositive. None of the mothers or their infants was CMV-IgM seropositive. HBsAg was detected in 8 per cent of pregnant mothers (n = 12) and in two (17 per cent) of their newBorn infants. None of the mothers was HBeAg positive. In conclusion the prevalence of toxoplasma infection during pregnancy and its transplacental transmission rate in a rural Egyptian area are high compared to other countries. A toxoplasmosis antenatal screening and puBlic education programmes for pregnant mothers is justifiaBle in rural Egypt. However it appears that an antenatal screening programme for CMV is at present not warranted. (authors)

  • maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus cmv antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB> B Antigens in an egyptian rural area
    Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ahmed Elnawawy, Ashraf T Soliman, Omar El Azzouni, Elsayed Amer, Mohammed Abdel Karim, Soheir Demian, Mona El Sayed
    Abstract:

    To determine the seroprevalence of maternal and neonatal toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antiBodies and <B>HepatitisB>-B (HB) antigenaemia in a rural Egyptian area a prospective serological study was done on a randomly selected sample of pregnant women (n = 150) and their newBorn infants (n = 150). Sera were collected from the mothers during the first antenatal visit and at the time of delivery and cord Blood specimens (paired samples) taken from their infants to Be tested or toxoplasma-IgG and IgM antiBodies CMV-IgG and IgM antiBodies surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBe antigen (HBeAg). Maternal infection was indicated in cases where specific IgM antiBody was present or where an initial maternal specimen gave negative result for IgG antiBody But the second Blood specimen gave positive result. Specific IgM antiBody in a cord Blood specimen indicated fetal infection. Out of the 150 pregnant women 64 (43 per cent) were toxoplasma immune at their first antenatal visit and their newBorns were toxoplasma IgG positive. Toxoplasma specific IgM antiBody was detected in only three mothers at the time of delivery. The rate of maternal infection in susceptiBle pregnancies was 4 per cent and the maternal-fetal transmission rate was estimated to Be 33 per cent as only one newBorn infant had toxoplasma-IgM antiBody at Birth. This denoted a prevalence of congenital toxoplasma infection = <1.0 per cent to non-immune mothers. There were no clinical features of congenital infection in the infant with toxoplasma-IgM antiBody But he will require long-term follow-up. All the mothers infected during pregnancy had known risk factors for toxoplasma infection. One-hundred-and-forty-three (96 per cent) of the pregnant women were CMV-IgG seropositive at their first antenatal visit. At the time of delivery 143 (96 per cent) of the mothers and their newBorn infants were CMV-IgG seropositive. None of the mothers or their infants was CMV-IgM seropositive. HBsAg was detected in 8 per cent of pregnant mothers (n = 12) and in two (17 per cent) of their newBorn infants. None of the mothers was HBeAg positive. In conclusion the prevalence of toxoplasma infection during pregnancy and its transplacental transmission rate in a rural Egyptian area are high compared to other countries. A toxoplasmosis antenatal screening and puBlic education programmes for pregnant mothers is justifiaBle in rural Egypt. However it appears that an antenatal screening programme for CMV is at present not warranted. (authors)