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Abdelghany Amany R M Ramez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biological investigations on the freshwater snail pirenella conica blainville 1829 infected with the developmental stages of Heterophyes sp
The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology, 2018Co-Authors: Elsayed T Rizk, Shadia F Hamada, Sherif R Abdelghany, Abdelghany Amany R M RamezAbstract:Heterophyiasis is an intestinal sickness promoted by infection with the heterophyid digenetic worms. It is one of the major infectious diseases of public health in the developing countries. Single-cell gel eletrophoresis, or comet assay, was carried out for detecting DNA damage in the digestive gland cells of Pirenella conica infected with Heterophyes larvae. Besides, apoptosis, some isoenzymes, and two biogenic amines (neurotransmitters) were investigated using the flow cytometric analysis, the starch gel electrophoresis, and the HPLC techniques respectively. Snails were collected from brackish water area around Port Said province during the spring–summer periods of 2012–2013. The results showed that infection with the larval trematodes increased tail length (length of DNA migration) in the digestive gland cells of infected snails. Meanwhile, the percentage of apoptosis was significantly elevated (58.80%) in the snails infected with the larval trematodes as compared to that of uninfected snails (39.59%). Apparent polymorphism was detected in the four enzymes obtained from the digestive gland extracts. DNA damage and increase of apoptosis in the digestive glands of infected snails may end up with a decrease of 5-HT (serotonin) and DA (dopamine) concentrations in all tissues through the course of infection.
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Biological investigations on the freshwater snail Pirenella conica (Blainville, 1829) infected with the developmental stages of Heterophyes sp.
The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology, 2018Co-Authors: Elsayed T Rizk, Shadia F Hamada, Sherif R. Abd-elghany, Abdelghany Amany R M RamezAbstract:Background Heterophyiasis is an intestinal sickness promoted by infection with the heterophyid digenetic worms. It is one of the major infectious diseases of public health in the developing countries. Method Single-cell gel eletrophoresis, or comet assay, was carried out for detecting DNA damage in the digestive gland cells of Pirenella conica infected with Heterophyes larvae. Besides, apoptosis, some isoenzymes, and two biogenic amines (neurotransmitters) were investigated using the flow cytometric analysis, the starch gel electrophoresis, and the HPLC techniques respectively. Snails were collected from brackish water area around Port Said province during the spring–summer periods of 2012–2013. Results The results showed that infection with the larval trematodes increased tail length (length of DNA migration) in the digestive gland cells of infected snails. Meanwhile, the percentage of apoptosis was significantly elevated (58.80%) in the snails infected with the larval trematodes as compared to that of uninfected snails (39.59%). Apparent polymorphism was detected in the four enzymes obtained from the digestive gland extracts. Conclusion DNA damage and increase of apoptosis in the digestive glands of infected snails may end up with a decrease of 5-HT (serotonin) and DA (dopamine) concentrations in all tissues through the course of infection.
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histopathological and biochemical investigations on the freshwater snail pirenella conica blainville 1829 infected with the developmental stages of Heterophyes sp
THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, 2014Co-Authors: Elsayed Rizkshadia T F Hamadasherif, Abdelghany Amany R M RamezAbstract:The morphology and ultrastructure alterations of the digestive gland, as well as biochemical changes of Pirenella conica infected with Heterophyes larvae were investigated in snails collected from irrigation canals in Port-Said Province during the spring-summer periods of 2012-2013. The results showed great histological damages in the digestive gland of infected snails. Meanwhile, a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in total protein and total lipid contents was detected while the glucose concentrations exihibited a small range of variation. Uric acid was significantly increased in both the digestive gland and the cephalopedal mass. Infected snails showed elevated levels (P 0.05) of nitric oxide and the antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST).
Shin Hyeong Cho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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infections with zoonotic trematode metacercariae in yellowfin goby acanthogobius flavimanus from coastal areas of republic of korea
Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2018Co-Authors: Woon-mok Sohn, Shin Hyeong Cho, Soon Won Lee, Won Seok SeokAbstract:To investigate the infection status of zoonotic trematode metacercariae in yellowfin goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus, from coastal areas of the Republic of Korea (Korea), we examined total 344 gobies from 21 localities with an artificial digestion method from 2013 to 2017. The metacercariae of Stictodora lari were most frequently detected in 45.3% goby from 7 localities, i.e., Taean-gun (Chungcheongnam-do), Gochang-gun (Jeollabuk-do), Muan-gun, Shinan-gun, Haenam-gun (Jeollanam-do), Hadong-gun and Goseong-gun (Gyeongsangnam-do). Their infection rates were 90.0%, 66.7%, 46.7%, 8.0%, 3.3%, 26.7%, and 86.7% and intensities were 1,090, 6.2, 1.6 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, and 7.2 metacercariae per fish infected respectively. Heterophyopsis continua metacercariae were found in 38.2% goby from 6 localities, i.e., Gochang-gun, Muan-gun, Shinan-gun, Gangjin-gun, Boseong-gun (Jeollanam-do) and Goseong-gun, and their intensities were relatively low, 1-21 metacercariae. Stictodora fuscata metacercariae were detected in 61.3% goby from 4 localities, i.e., Taean-gun, Gochang-gun, Hadong-gun and Goseong-gun. Their infection rates were 90.0%, 53.3%, 5.9%, and 73.3% and intensities were 1,081, 3.1, 3.0, and 10.2 metacercariae per fish infected respectively. Heterophyes nocens metacercariae were found in 55.0% goby from Muan-gun and Shinan-gun. Total 3 metacercariae of Isthmiophora hortensis were detected in 2 (8.0%) gobies from Shinan-gun. Total 15 metacercariae of Centrocestus armatus were detected in 5 gobies (33.3%) from Gyeongpo-ho (ho means lake) in Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do. The present study suggests that yellowfin goby, A. flavimanus, acts as the infection sources of zoonotic intestinal flukes in western and southern coastal areas than in eastern coastal areas of Korea.
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pygidiopsis summa digenea heterophyidae status of metacercarial infection in mullets from coastal areas in the republic of korea
Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2016Co-Authors: Woon-mok Sohn, Shin Hyeong Cho, Won Ja Lee, Mi Yeoun Park, Soon Won Lee, Seung Bong Choi, Beom Nyung Huh, Won Seok SeokAbstract:To know the infection status of zoonotic trematode metacercariae in brackish water fish, we surveyed mullets collected from 18 coastal areas in the Republic of Korea. The metacercariae of Pygidiopsis summa were detected in 236(68.2%) out of 346 mullets examined. They were found in mullets from 15 areas except for those from Boseong-gun (Jeollanam-do), Pohang-si, and Uljin-gun (Gyeongsangbuk-do). Especially in mullets from Taean-gun (Chungcheongnam-do) and Geoje-si (Gyeongsangnam-do), their prevalences were 100% and 95.5%, and the average metacercarial density was more than 1,000 per fish. They were also detected in mullets from 3 coastal lakes, Gyeongpoho, Songjiho, and Hwajinpoho, in Gangwon-do, and their average densities were 419, 147, and 672 per infected fish, respectively. The metacercariae of 5 other heterophyid species, including Heterophyes nocens, Heterophyopsis continua, Metagonimus sp., Stictodora fuscata, and Stictodora lari, were found in the mullets examined. The metacercariae of H. nocens were detected in 66.7, 100, 28.6, 81.6, 3.9, 61.5, and 27.3% of mullets from Muan-gun, Shinan-gun, Haenam-gun, Gangjin-gun, and Boseonggun (Jeollanam-do), Hadong-gun, and Geoje-si (Gyeongsangnam-do), and their metacercarial intensities were 64, 84, 119, 99, 1, 24, and 24 per fish infected, respectively. From the above results, it has been confirmed that P. summa metacercariae are heavily infected in mullets from coastal areas of Korea. It is suggested that residents who frequently consume raw mullet dish can be easily infected with heterophyid flukes.
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prevalence of clonorchis sinensis infections along the five major rivers in republic of korea 2007
Osong public health and research perspectives, 2010Co-Authors: Hyunkyung Kim, Won Ja Lee, Tongsoo Kim, Sangeun Lee, Hyeng Il Cheun, Byungsuk Cheun, Kiyeon Lee, Shin Hyeong ChoAbstract:Abstract Objectives The prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection was investigated among residents of the five major river basins, that is, Hangang, Nakdonggang, Seomjingang, Yeongsangang, and Geumgang River basins in Korea. Methods From January to December 2007, a total of 31,268 stool samples were collected from 29 localities and examined by the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Results Intestinal parasite eggs and/or protozoan cysts were detected from 2957 (9.5%) inhabitants. Number of residents harbouring helminth eggs in the faeces was 2542 (8.1%) for C. sinensis , 255 (0.8%) for Heterophyes spp., 36 (0.1%) for Echinostoma spp., 30 (0.1%) for Trichuris trichiura , 8 (0.03%) for Ascaris lumbricoides , 7 (0.02%) for Gymnophalloide seoi , and 50 (0.02%) for Trichostrongylus orientalis . Number of residents harbouring protozoan cysts in the faeces was 133 (1.3%) for Entamoeba spp. and 50 (0.2%) for Giardia lamblia. The positive rates of C. sinensis in Nakdonggang, Seomjingang, Yeongsangang, Geumgang, and Hangang River basins were 12.2%, 9.5%, 3.3%, 3.0%, and 1.0%, respectively. The egg positive rate of C. sinensis was higher in male (10.6%) than in female (6.1%), and the age group of 50s had the highest positive rate (10.4%). Conclusion The result of this study revealed little decrease in positive rate of C. sinensis compared with the result of southern endemic areas of Korea in 2006.
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echinostoma hortense and heterophyid metacercariae encysted in yellowfin goby acanthogobius flavimanus from shinan gun and muan gun jeollanam do korea
Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2009Co-Authors: Woon-mok Sohn, Shin Hyeong ChoAbstract:Fishborne trematode (FBT) metacercariae were investigated in yellowfin goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus, collected from Shinan-gun and Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do (province), Korea. All collected fishes were examined using the artificial digestion method. In all of 15 gobies from Aphae-myeon in Shinan-gun, metacercariae of Stictodora spp. (334 metacercariae/fish), Heterophyes nocens (153/fish), and Heterophyopsis continua (20/fish) were detected. In 2 of 14 gobies from Jido-myeon in Shinan-gun, 8 Echinostoma hortense metacercariae in total were detected. In 15 gobies from Haeje-myeon in Muan-gun, the metacercariae of H. continua were found in 100%, Stictodora spp. in 86.7%, and H. nocens in 6.7% of fish examined. The average numbers of metacercariae per infected fish were 23.3 (H. continua), 416.0 (Stictodora spp.), and 2.0 (H. nocens), respectively. The metacercariae of E. hortense found in gobies were elliptical, with 150 x 138 microm in average size, and had 27 collar spines on the head crown. The above results suggest that yellowfin gobies from 2 localities may be the potential infection sources of FBT. Moreover, it is proved for the first time that the yellowfin goby, A. flavimanus, acts as a second intermediate host for E. hortense.
Woon-mok Sohn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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infections with zoonotic trematode metacercariae in yellowfin goby acanthogobius flavimanus from coastal areas of republic of korea
Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2018Co-Authors: Woon-mok Sohn, Shin Hyeong Cho, Soon Won Lee, Won Seok SeokAbstract:To investigate the infection status of zoonotic trematode metacercariae in yellowfin goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus, from coastal areas of the Republic of Korea (Korea), we examined total 344 gobies from 21 localities with an artificial digestion method from 2013 to 2017. The metacercariae of Stictodora lari were most frequently detected in 45.3% goby from 7 localities, i.e., Taean-gun (Chungcheongnam-do), Gochang-gun (Jeollabuk-do), Muan-gun, Shinan-gun, Haenam-gun (Jeollanam-do), Hadong-gun and Goseong-gun (Gyeongsangnam-do). Their infection rates were 90.0%, 66.7%, 46.7%, 8.0%, 3.3%, 26.7%, and 86.7% and intensities were 1,090, 6.2, 1.6 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, and 7.2 metacercariae per fish infected respectively. Heterophyopsis continua metacercariae were found in 38.2% goby from 6 localities, i.e., Gochang-gun, Muan-gun, Shinan-gun, Gangjin-gun, Boseong-gun (Jeollanam-do) and Goseong-gun, and their intensities were relatively low, 1-21 metacercariae. Stictodora fuscata metacercariae were detected in 61.3% goby from 4 localities, i.e., Taean-gun, Gochang-gun, Hadong-gun and Goseong-gun. Their infection rates were 90.0%, 53.3%, 5.9%, and 73.3% and intensities were 1,081, 3.1, 3.0, and 10.2 metacercariae per fish infected respectively. Heterophyes nocens metacercariae were found in 55.0% goby from Muan-gun and Shinan-gun. Total 3 metacercariae of Isthmiophora hortensis were detected in 2 (8.0%) gobies from Shinan-gun. Total 15 metacercariae of Centrocestus armatus were detected in 5 gobies (33.3%) from Gyeongpo-ho (ho means lake) in Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do. The present study suggests that yellowfin goby, A. flavimanus, acts as the infection sources of zoonotic intestinal flukes in western and southern coastal areas than in eastern coastal areas of Korea.
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Epidemiological and molecular data on heterophyid trematode metacercariae found in the muscle of grey mullets (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) from Sardinia (western Mediterranean Sea)
Parasitology Research, 2016Co-Authors: Simonetta Masala, Woon-mok Sohn, Jong-yil Chai, Maria Cristina Piras, Daria Sanna, Bong-kwang Jung, Giovanni Garippa, Paolo MerellaAbstract:This study is a contribution to the molecular taxonomy and epidemiology of heterophyid (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) metacercariae found in the muscle of Mugilidae (Osteichthyes) from Sardinia (western Mediterranean Sea). Sixty specimens of mugilids (13 Chelon labrosus , 18 Liza aurata , 6 Liza ramada , 8 Liza saliens , 15 Mugil cephalus ) were examined and 17,899 metacercariae isolated in 95 % of the hosts. Four types of metacercariae were identified: Heterophyes sp. ( n = 14,113), Heterophyes sp. -small (1225), Stictodora sp. (1606), and Ascocotyle ( Phagicola ) sp. (955). The experimental infection of a hamster with Heterophyes sp. metacercariae produced six adults identified as Heterophyes Heterophyes and two as Heterophyes cf. nocens . The morphology of Heterophyes sp. -small metacercariae matched with that of Heterophyes dispar . The sequence analysis of the ITS2 and 28S portions of rDNA confirmed the morphological identification of metacercariae, showing four clusters. All adults grouped together with the Heterophyes sp. metacercariae, whereas adults of Heterophyes nocens from Korea clustered separately, showing that this species is distinguished from H. Heterophyes , and suggesting caution in the exclusive use of the number of rodlets of the genital sucker to separate the two species. The presence of metacercariae was high in all hosts; the highest prevalence is of Heterophyes sp. (prevalence ≥78 %; mean intensity ≥135 metacercariae/100 g muscle), and the most heavily infected host is M. cephalus (prevalence = 100 %; mean intensity = 841 metacercariae/100 g muscle).
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pygidiopsis summa digenea heterophyidae status of metacercarial infection in mullets from coastal areas in the republic of korea
Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2016Co-Authors: Woon-mok Sohn, Shin Hyeong Cho, Won Ja Lee, Mi Yeoun Park, Soon Won Lee, Seung Bong Choi, Beom Nyung Huh, Won Seok SeokAbstract:To know the infection status of zoonotic trematode metacercariae in brackish water fish, we surveyed mullets collected from 18 coastal areas in the Republic of Korea. The metacercariae of Pygidiopsis summa were detected in 236(68.2%) out of 346 mullets examined. They were found in mullets from 15 areas except for those from Boseong-gun (Jeollanam-do), Pohang-si, and Uljin-gun (Gyeongsangbuk-do). Especially in mullets from Taean-gun (Chungcheongnam-do) and Geoje-si (Gyeongsangnam-do), their prevalences were 100% and 95.5%, and the average metacercarial density was more than 1,000 per fish. They were also detected in mullets from 3 coastal lakes, Gyeongpoho, Songjiho, and Hwajinpoho, in Gangwon-do, and their average densities were 419, 147, and 672 per infected fish, respectively. The metacercariae of 5 other heterophyid species, including Heterophyes nocens, Heterophyopsis continua, Metagonimus sp., Stictodora fuscata, and Stictodora lari, were found in the mullets examined. The metacercariae of H. nocens were detected in 66.7, 100, 28.6, 81.6, 3.9, 61.5, and 27.3% of mullets from Muan-gun, Shinan-gun, Haenam-gun, Gangjin-gun, and Boseonggun (Jeollanam-do), Hadong-gun, and Geoje-si (Gyeongsangnam-do), and their metacercarial intensities were 64, 84, 119, 99, 1, 24, and 24 per fish infected, respectively. From the above results, it has been confirmed that P. summa metacercariae are heavily infected in mullets from coastal areas of Korea. It is suggested that residents who frequently consume raw mullet dish can be easily infected with heterophyid flukes.
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echinostoma hortense and heterophyid metacercariae encysted in yellowfin goby acanthogobius flavimanus from shinan gun and muan gun jeollanam do korea
Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2009Co-Authors: Woon-mok Sohn, Shin Hyeong ChoAbstract:Fishborne trematode (FBT) metacercariae were investigated in yellowfin goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus, collected from Shinan-gun and Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do (province), Korea. All collected fishes were examined using the artificial digestion method. In all of 15 gobies from Aphae-myeon in Shinan-gun, metacercariae of Stictodora spp. (334 metacercariae/fish), Heterophyes nocens (153/fish), and Heterophyopsis continua (20/fish) were detected. In 2 of 14 gobies from Jido-myeon in Shinan-gun, 8 Echinostoma hortense metacercariae in total were detected. In 15 gobies from Haeje-myeon in Muan-gun, the metacercariae of H. continua were found in 100%, Stictodora spp. in 86.7%, and H. nocens in 6.7% of fish examined. The average numbers of metacercariae per infected fish were 23.3 (H. continua), 416.0 (Stictodora spp.), and 2.0 (H. nocens), respectively. The metacercariae of E. hortense found in gobies were elliptical, with 150 x 138 microm in average size, and had 27 collar spines on the head crown. The above results suggest that yellowfin gobies from 2 localities may be the potential infection sources of FBT. Moreover, it is proved for the first time that the yellowfin goby, A. flavimanus, acts as a second intermediate host for E. hortense.
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Fish-borne Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in the Republic of Korea
The Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2009Co-Authors: Woon-mok SohnAbstract:The prevalence of fish-borne trematodes (FBT), including Clonorchis sinensis, is still high in riverside areas of the Republic of Korea. The author reviewed the detection and identification methods, differential keys, fish intermediate hosts, and morphological characteristics of FBT metacercariae. FBT metacercariae found in freshwater fish are classified mainly into 4 families, i.e., Opisthorchiidae, Heterophyidae, Echinostomatidae, and Clinostomidae. The metacercariae of C. sinensis, found in 40 species of freshwater fish, are elliptical and 0.15-0.17 × 0.13-0.15 mm in size, have nearly equal sized oral and ventral suckers, brownish pigment granules, and an O-shaped excretory bladder. Their general morphologies are similar to those of Metorchis orientalis (except in the thickness of the cyst wall). Metagonimus spp. (M. yokogawai, M. takahashii, and M. miyatai) metacercariae are subglobular or disc-shaped, and 0.14-0.16 mm in diameter. They have yellow-brownish pigment granules, a ventral sucker deflectively located from median, and a V-shaped excretory bladder. The metacercariae and fish intermediate hosts of Centrocestus armatus, Clinostomum complanatum, and 3 echinostomatid flukes (Echinostoma hortense, E. cinetorchis, and Echinochasmus japonicus) were summarized. FBT metacercariae detected in brackish water fish are mainly members of the Heterophyidae. The morphological characters, identification keys, and fish intermediate hosts of 7 species (Heterophyes nocens, Heterophyopsis continua, Pygidiopsis summa, Stellantchasmus falcatus, Stictodora fuscata, Stictodora lari, and Acanthotrema felis) were also reviewed. The contents treated in this study will provide assistance at the laboratory bench level to those working on recovery of metacercariae from fish hosts and identifying them.
Hany M Elsheikha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preliminary observations on infection of brackish and fresh water fish by heterophyid encysted metacercariae in Egypt
Parasitology Research, 2008Co-Authors: Hany M Elsheikha, Assem M ElshazlyAbstract:The infection status with heterophyids in the second intermediate host fish obtained from brackish and fresh water resources in Dakahlia governorate, northern Egypt was investigated. Encysted metacercariae (EMC) in the fish species Mugil cephalus , Mugil capito , Mugil auratus , Tilapia nilotica , and Tilapia zilli from brackish water and T. nilotica and T. zilli from fresh water were isolated by artificial digestion method and identified by microscopic examination. Morphometric analysis of EMC isolated from these fishes identified seven phenotypically distinct groups. No significant morphologic differences were detected between EMC of the same group obtained from different fish species. The adult flukes recovered from seven groups of puppies separately infected with distinct EMC groups were compatible with seven species belong to six genera of Heterophyidae namely Heterophyes Heterophyes , Heterophyes aequalis , Pygidiopsis genata , Haplorchis yokogawi , Prohemostomum vivax , Phagicola ascolonga , and Stictodora tridactyla . EMC of these seven heterophyid species were detected in all examined brackish water fishes. On the other hand, only EMC of P. genata , H. yokogawi , and P. ascolonga were detected in fresh water fishes, T. nilotica and T. zilli . These results indicate that heterophyid infections occur in brackish and fresh water fishes in northern Egypt, where the parasites are indigenous.
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host dependent variations in the seasonal prevalence and intensity of heterophyid encysted metacercariae digenea heterophyidea in brackish water fish in egypt
Veterinary Parasitology, 2008Co-Authors: Hany M Elsheikha, Assem M ElshazlyAbstract:The prevalence of heterophyid (Digenea: Heterophyidae) encysted metacercariae (EMC) in its second intermediate host, the fish Mugil spp. and Tilapia spp. was studied in a subtropical permanent Lake in northeastern Egypt. Seasonal changes in the occurrence of the EMC in different fish hosts were monitored in a longitudinal field survey lasting 12 months from June 2006 to May 2007. This study tested two hypotheses; (i) prevalence and intensity of heterophyid EMC fluctuate seasonally throughout the year and (ii) variation in the prevalence and intensity of heterophyid EMC is host-dependent. A total of 832 fish specimens comprising 5 species collected from Manzala Lake, northeastern Egypt were examined by artificial gastric juice digestion for EMC. All five species of brackish water fish examined were found to harbor the EMC of the family Heterophyidae in their muscles. The overall infection prevalence of EMC over 12 months was 23.2%. The adult flukes recovered from puppies experimentally infected with morphologically different metacercariae from different fish species were compatible with six species belong to five genera of Heterophyidae, namely, Heterophyes Heterophyes, Heterophyes aequalis, Pygidiopsis genata, Phagicola sp., Haplorchis sp. and Stictodora sp. EMC of H. Heterophyes were most abundant, detected in 56% of the total fish examined. P. genata was ranked second, followed by Phagicola sp., H. aequalis, Haplorchis sp., and Stictodora sp., respectively. Seasonal differences in infection were observed for all heterophyid species studied in all fish species examined. Heterophyid infections reached peak prevalences during the summer season 38.2% followed by spring 26.6% and autumn 19.3% seasons, whereas the lowest prevalence was recorded in the winter 8.7%. Intensity of heterophyid EMC followed the same seasonal pattern, being high during summer months and low in winter months. All fish species were infected with all the heterophyid digeneans, but with different prevalence. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed with reference to host, climatic and biotic factors.
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comparison of three immunodiagnostic tests for experimental Heterophyes Heterophyes infection in dogs
Veterinary Parasitology, 2008Co-Authors: A M Elshazly, Hany M Elsheikha, Mohammad H Rahbar, Soha I AwadAbstract:The aim of this study was to compare the performance of three in-house diagnostic tests, i.e. counter current immunoelectrophoresis (CCIE), intradermal (ID) and indirect fluorescent immunoassay (IFI), for the diagnosis of Heterophyes infection. One hundred and twenty puppies were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 15/group). Heterophyes Heterophyes infections were established in these puppies by administering a dose of 50 H. Heterophyes encysted metacercariae/puppy by gavage. Forty puppies of similar age and sex were divided into eight groups, of five puppies each and were used as negative controls. Sera pooled from separate infected and uninfected groups were tested against H. Heterophyes antigens, weekly for 8 weeks post-infection (PI). The ID assay detected infected puppies sooner than any of the serological tests. Sero-conversion was first detected 2 weeks PI by ID assay and 1 week later by CCIE and IFI assays. ID test performed well till the end of the experiment (sensitivity and specificity: 100% and 90%, respectively). Both IFI and CCIE assays had a sensitivity of 40% and 20%, respectively for early detection of antibody, which was less sensitive than ID but both assays were more specific (100%) than the ID assay. The lowest agreement was between ID and IFI tests (40.3%), whilst the highest was observed between CCIE and IFI tests (67.2%). Of the three evaluated methods, the ID test could be recommended for scientific and laboratory diagnosis of heterophyosis in naturally infected animals. However, since none of the investigated method are optimal (i.e, offers 100% specificity and sensitivity), the choice of test employed must depend on the aim of the study.
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host induced phenotypic differences in egyptian Heterophyes Heterophyes digenea heterophyidae
Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 2007Co-Authors: Atef M Elshazly, Hany M Elsheikha, Doaa M Soltan, Gazaa H Morsy, T A MorsyAbstract:A comparative morphometric study identified host-related variations in Heterophyes Heterophyes. In one study, variations in adult H. Heterophyes obtained from different definitive hosts were examined. Significant differences were in size and dimensions of body organs of adults collected from dogs, cats and albino-rats experimentally infected with encysted metacercariae (EMC) from mullet (Mugil cephalus). Hypotheses on the sources of host-dependent variations were interpreted in terms of adaptation to conditions created by the host. In a second study, comparative morphometric analysis of adults recovered from puppies experimentally fed on EMC isolated from five sympatric fish species was done. No significant differences were in adults H. Heterophyes recovered from puppies feed on EMC of different fishes. Constancy in morphological characters of adults reared in the same host, independent of a change of fish was seen. So, the variations depend upon host species where worms develop, and host selection may determine the worm morphology and phenotypic plasticity.
Assem M Elshazly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preliminary observations on infection of brackish and fresh water fish by heterophyid encysted metacercariae in Egypt
Parasitology Research, 2008Co-Authors: Hany M Elsheikha, Assem M ElshazlyAbstract:The infection status with heterophyids in the second intermediate host fish obtained from brackish and fresh water resources in Dakahlia governorate, northern Egypt was investigated. Encysted metacercariae (EMC) in the fish species Mugil cephalus , Mugil capito , Mugil auratus , Tilapia nilotica , and Tilapia zilli from brackish water and T. nilotica and T. zilli from fresh water were isolated by artificial digestion method and identified by microscopic examination. Morphometric analysis of EMC isolated from these fishes identified seven phenotypically distinct groups. No significant morphologic differences were detected between EMC of the same group obtained from different fish species. The adult flukes recovered from seven groups of puppies separately infected with distinct EMC groups were compatible with seven species belong to six genera of Heterophyidae namely Heterophyes Heterophyes , Heterophyes aequalis , Pygidiopsis genata , Haplorchis yokogawi , Prohemostomum vivax , Phagicola ascolonga , and Stictodora tridactyla . EMC of these seven heterophyid species were detected in all examined brackish water fishes. On the other hand, only EMC of P. genata , H. yokogawi , and P. ascolonga were detected in fresh water fishes, T. nilotica and T. zilli . These results indicate that heterophyid infections occur in brackish and fresh water fishes in northern Egypt, where the parasites are indigenous.
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host dependent variations in the seasonal prevalence and intensity of heterophyid encysted metacercariae digenea heterophyidea in brackish water fish in egypt
Veterinary Parasitology, 2008Co-Authors: Hany M Elsheikha, Assem M ElshazlyAbstract:The prevalence of heterophyid (Digenea: Heterophyidae) encysted metacercariae (EMC) in its second intermediate host, the fish Mugil spp. and Tilapia spp. was studied in a subtropical permanent Lake in northeastern Egypt. Seasonal changes in the occurrence of the EMC in different fish hosts were monitored in a longitudinal field survey lasting 12 months from June 2006 to May 2007. This study tested two hypotheses; (i) prevalence and intensity of heterophyid EMC fluctuate seasonally throughout the year and (ii) variation in the prevalence and intensity of heterophyid EMC is host-dependent. A total of 832 fish specimens comprising 5 species collected from Manzala Lake, northeastern Egypt were examined by artificial gastric juice digestion for EMC. All five species of brackish water fish examined were found to harbor the EMC of the family Heterophyidae in their muscles. The overall infection prevalence of EMC over 12 months was 23.2%. The adult flukes recovered from puppies experimentally infected with morphologically different metacercariae from different fish species were compatible with six species belong to five genera of Heterophyidae, namely, Heterophyes Heterophyes, Heterophyes aequalis, Pygidiopsis genata, Phagicola sp., Haplorchis sp. and Stictodora sp. EMC of H. Heterophyes were most abundant, detected in 56% of the total fish examined. P. genata was ranked second, followed by Phagicola sp., H. aequalis, Haplorchis sp., and Stictodora sp., respectively. Seasonal differences in infection were observed for all heterophyid species studied in all fish species examined. Heterophyid infections reached peak prevalences during the summer season 38.2% followed by spring 26.6% and autumn 19.3% seasons, whereas the lowest prevalence was recorded in the winter 8.7%. Intensity of heterophyid EMC followed the same seasonal pattern, being high during summer months and low in winter months. All fish species were infected with all the heterophyid digeneans, but with different prevalence. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed with reference to host, climatic and biotic factors.