The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Shahid Latif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Jan “A Step towards an Easy Interconversion of Various Number Systems
2015Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Rahat Ullah, Hamid JanAbstract:Abstract-- Any system that is used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number system, also known as numeral system. The modern civilization is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal Number system, using only two digits namely, 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system, for example octal Number system and Hexadecimal Number systems using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The knowledge of Number systems and their inter conversion is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices requires a precise understanding of data formats, Number systems and their inter conversion. The inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other) of Number system requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the interconversion of four most common Number systems is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It is a step towards the easy interconversion of these Number systems to understand as well as memorise it. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. General term
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Complete Description of Well-known Number Systems using Single Table
2015Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Junaid Qayyum, Muhammad Lal, Faheem KhanAbstract:Abstract-- A Number system is a set of rules and symbols used to represent a Number, or any system used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number/numeral system. The modern society is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal, using only two digits i.e. 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system i.e. octal system and Hexadecimal Number system using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The awareness and concept of various Number systems, their Number representation, arithmetic operations, compliments and the inter conversion of Numbers belongs to different Number system is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices require the understanding of data formats (BCD, ASCII etc), Number systems and their inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other). Understanding all these Number systems and particularly the inter conversion of Numbers requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the concepts of the four most common Number systems, their representation, arithmetic, compliments and interconversion is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It will provide an easy understanding and practising of theses Number systems to understand as well as memorise them. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. General term
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Graphical Approach to the Learning of Inter-conversion of Various Number Systems
2014Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Muhammad Lal, Faheem Khan, Shahzad Hameed, Fahad MasoodAbstract:The Number is a symbol or a word used to represent a numeral, while a system is a functionally related group of elements, so as whole, a Number is set/group of symbols to represent Numbers/numerals. In other words, any system that is used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number system, also known as numeral system. Almost everyone is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal Number system, having only two digits i.e. 0 and 1. Binary Number system is based on the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also use the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system, e.g. octal Number system (using eight digits) and Hexadecimal Number systems (using sixteen digits). The knowledge of Number systems, their limitations, data formats, arithmetic, inter conversion and other related terms is essential for understanding of computers and successful programming for digital devices. Understanding all these Number systems and particularly their inter conversion (such process in which things are each converted into the other) of Number system requires allot of time and a large Number of techniques to expertise. In this particular paper the intercom version of four well-known Number systems is taken under the consideration in tabulated as well as graphical form. It is simply a shorthand to the inter conversion of these Number systems to understand as well as memorise it. The well-known Number systems to be discussed are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. Index term
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International Journal of Electrical & Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol: 11 No: 03 23 Complete Description of Well-known Number Systems using Single Table
2012Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Junaid Qayyum, Muhammad Lal, Faheem KhanAbstract:A Number system is a set of rules and symbols used to represent a Number, or any system used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number/numeral system. The modern society is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal, using only two digits i.e. 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system i.e. octal system and Hexadecimal Number system using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The awareness and concept of various Number systems, their Number representation, arithmetic operations, compliments and the inter conversion of Numbers belongs to different Number system is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices require the understanding of data formats (BCD, ASCII etc), Number systems and their inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other). Understanding all these Number systems and particularly the inter conversion of Numbers requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the concepts of the four most common Number systems, their representation, arithmetic, compliments and interconversion is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It will provide an easy understanding and practising of theses Number systems to understand as well as memorise them. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. General term
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A Step towards an Easy Interconversion of Various Number Systems
arXiv: Discrete Mathematics, 2011Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Rahat Ullah, Hamid JanAbstract:Any system that is used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number system, also known as numeral system. The modern civilization is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal Number system, using only two digits namely, 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system, for example octal system and Hexadecimal Number systems using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The knowledge of Number systems and their inter conversion is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices requires a precise understanding of data formats, Number systems and their inter conversion. The inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other) of Number system requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the interconversion of four most common Number systems is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It is a step towards the easy interconversion of theses Number systems to understand as well as memorise it. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal.
Yoshiyasu Takefuji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chapter XXI Secure Image Archiving Using Novel Digital Watermarking Techniques
2008Co-Authors: R Ando, Yoshiyasu TakefujiAbstract:With the rapid advance in digital network, digital libraries, and particularly WWW (World Wide Web) services, we can retrieve many kinds of images on personal and mobile computer anytime and anywhere. At the same time, secure image archiving is becoming a major research area because the serious concern is raised about copyright protection and authority identification in digital media. A more sophisticated technique is required for future multimedia copyright protection. In this chapter we propose a secure image archiving using novel digital-watermarking techniques. Firstly, a nonlinear adaptive system (neural network) is applied for frequency-based digital watermarking. Secondly, we discuss application-oriented watermarking method for GIS image archiving. This chapter is divided into two parts. First section is about the way to apply nonlinear adaptive system for frequency-based image watermarking. We propose a new asymmetric technique employing nonlinear adaptive system trained on frequency domain. Our system uses two public keys to prevent removal attack and archive more fragile watermarking. In embedding, location information of frequency domain, where adaptive system is trained, is binalized, expressed in Hexadecimal Number, and encrypted in asymmetric cryptosystem. Encrypted location information is embedded in several parts of digital host contents. In generating key, supervised neural networks learn to assign the array of coefficients to teacher signal corresponding to the message to insert. This is one kind of transform-based method to generate public key from private key. In extracting, we use key matrix created by one-way signal processing of adaptive system. Proposal
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Secure image archiving using novel digital watermarking techniques
Intellectual Property Protection for Multimedia Information Technology, 2007Co-Authors: R Ando, Yoshiyasu TakefujiAbstract:With the rapid advance in digital network, digital libraries, and particularly WWW (World Wide Web) services, we can retrieve many kinds of images on personal and mobile computer anytime and anywhere. At the same time, secure image archiving is becoming a major research area because the serious concern is raised about copyright protection and authority identification in digital media. A more sophisticated technique is required for future multimedia copyright protection. In this chapter we propose a secure image archiving using novel digital-watermarking techniques. Firstly, a nonlinear adaptive system (neural network) is applied for frequency-based digital watermarking. Secondly, we discuss application-oriented watermarking method for GIS image archiving. This chapter is divided into two parts. First section is about the way to apply nonlinear adaptive system for frequency-based image watermarking. We propose a new asymmetric technique employing nonlinear adaptive system trained on frequency domain. Our system uses two public keys to prevent removal attack and archive more fragile watermarking. In embedding, location information of frequency domain, where adaptive system is trained, is binalized, expressed in Hexadecimal Number, and encrypted in asymmetric cryptosystem. Encrypted location information is embedded in several parts of digital host contents. In generating key, supervised neural networks learn to assign the array of coefficients to teacher signal corresponding to the message to insert. This is one kind of transform-based method to generate public key from private key. In extracting, we use key matrix created by one-way signal processing of adaptive system. Proposal method is tested in still image, and we have empirically obtained the results that the proposal model is functional in implementing more secure and fragile watermarking compared with previous techniques, such as correlation and transform-based asymmetric watermarking. Several experiments are reported to validate the effectiveness of our watermarking method. Second section is about the application of GIS image archiving using digital watermarking technique. Recently, the utilization of GIS (geographical information system) is becoming rapidly pervasive. Consequently, new methodology of archiving and managing images is a pressing problem for GIS users. It is also expected that as the utilization of GIS becomes widely spread, protecting copyright and confidential images will be more important. In this chapter, we propose a three-layer image data format that makes it possible to synthesize two kinds of related images and analysis information in one image data size. To achieve the confidentiality of one hidden image, we apply the private watermarking scheme, where the algorithm is closed to the public. In the proposal model, encoder netlist embedded in the third layer is generated by FOL prover to achieve more secure and less information to decode it, compared with one operation of another block cipher such as RSA. Proposal system users can process two images without the cost of maintaining key and decoding operation. © 2008, IGI Global.
Faheem Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Complete Description of Well-known Number Systems using Single Table
2015Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Junaid Qayyum, Muhammad Lal, Faheem KhanAbstract:Abstract-- A Number system is a set of rules and symbols used to represent a Number, or any system used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number/numeral system. The modern society is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal, using only two digits i.e. 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system i.e. octal system and Hexadecimal Number system using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The awareness and concept of various Number systems, their Number representation, arithmetic operations, compliments and the inter conversion of Numbers belongs to different Number system is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices require the understanding of data formats (BCD, ASCII etc), Number systems and their inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other). Understanding all these Number systems and particularly the inter conversion of Numbers requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the concepts of the four most common Number systems, their representation, arithmetic, compliments and interconversion is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It will provide an easy understanding and practising of theses Number systems to understand as well as memorise them. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. General term
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Graphical Approach to the Learning of Inter-conversion of Various Number Systems
2014Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Muhammad Lal, Faheem Khan, Shahzad Hameed, Fahad MasoodAbstract:The Number is a symbol or a word used to represent a numeral, while a system is a functionally related group of elements, so as whole, a Number is set/group of symbols to represent Numbers/numerals. In other words, any system that is used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number system, also known as numeral system. Almost everyone is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal Number system, having only two digits i.e. 0 and 1. Binary Number system is based on the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also use the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system, e.g. octal Number system (using eight digits) and Hexadecimal Number systems (using sixteen digits). The knowledge of Number systems, their limitations, data formats, arithmetic, inter conversion and other related terms is essential for understanding of computers and successful programming for digital devices. Understanding all these Number systems and particularly their inter conversion (such process in which things are each converted into the other) of Number system requires allot of time and a large Number of techniques to expertise. In this particular paper the intercom version of four well-known Number systems is taken under the consideration in tabulated as well as graphical form. It is simply a shorthand to the inter conversion of these Number systems to understand as well as memorise it. The well-known Number systems to be discussed are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. Index term
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International Journal of Electrical & Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol: 11 No: 03 23 Complete Description of Well-known Number Systems using Single Table
2012Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Junaid Qayyum, Muhammad Lal, Faheem KhanAbstract:A Number system is a set of rules and symbols used to represent a Number, or any system used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number/numeral system. The modern society is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal, using only two digits i.e. 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system i.e. octal system and Hexadecimal Number system using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The awareness and concept of various Number systems, their Number representation, arithmetic operations, compliments and the inter conversion of Numbers belongs to different Number system is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices require the understanding of data formats (BCD, ASCII etc), Number systems and their inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other). Understanding all these Number systems and particularly the inter conversion of Numbers requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the concepts of the four most common Number systems, their representation, arithmetic, compliments and interconversion is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It will provide an easy understanding and practising of theses Number systems to understand as well as memorise them. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. General term
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Graphical Approach to the Learning of Inter-conversion of Various Number Systems
2011Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Muhammad Lal, Faheem Khan, Shahzad Hameed, Fahad MasoodAbstract:The Number is a symbol or a word used to represent a numeral, while a system is a functionally related group of elements, so as whole, a Number is set/group of symbols to represent Numbers/numerals. In other words, any system that is used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number system, also known as numeral system. Almost everyone is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal Number system, having only two digits i.e. 0 and 1. Binary Number system is based on the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also use the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system, e.g. octal Number system (using eight digits) and Hexadecimal Number systems (using sixteen digits). The knowledge of Number systems, their limitations, data formats, arithmetic, inter conversion and other related terms is essential for understanding of computers and successful programming for digital devices. Understanding all these Number systems and particularly their inter conversion (such process in which things are each converted into the other) of Number system requires allot of time and a large Number of techniques to expertise. In this particular paper the intercom version of four well-known Number systems is taken under the consideration in tabulated as well as graphical form. It is simply a shorthand to the inter conversion of these Number systems to understand as well as memorise it. The well-known Number systems to be discussed are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal.
R Ando - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chapter XXI Secure Image Archiving Using Novel Digital Watermarking Techniques
2008Co-Authors: R Ando, Yoshiyasu TakefujiAbstract:With the rapid advance in digital network, digital libraries, and particularly WWW (World Wide Web) services, we can retrieve many kinds of images on personal and mobile computer anytime and anywhere. At the same time, secure image archiving is becoming a major research area because the serious concern is raised about copyright protection and authority identification in digital media. A more sophisticated technique is required for future multimedia copyright protection. In this chapter we propose a secure image archiving using novel digital-watermarking techniques. Firstly, a nonlinear adaptive system (neural network) is applied for frequency-based digital watermarking. Secondly, we discuss application-oriented watermarking method for GIS image archiving. This chapter is divided into two parts. First section is about the way to apply nonlinear adaptive system for frequency-based image watermarking. We propose a new asymmetric technique employing nonlinear adaptive system trained on frequency domain. Our system uses two public keys to prevent removal attack and archive more fragile watermarking. In embedding, location information of frequency domain, where adaptive system is trained, is binalized, expressed in Hexadecimal Number, and encrypted in asymmetric cryptosystem. Encrypted location information is embedded in several parts of digital host contents. In generating key, supervised neural networks learn to assign the array of coefficients to teacher signal corresponding to the message to insert. This is one kind of transform-based method to generate public key from private key. In extracting, we use key matrix created by one-way signal processing of adaptive system. Proposal
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Secure image archiving using novel digital watermarking techniques
Intellectual Property Protection for Multimedia Information Technology, 2007Co-Authors: R Ando, Yoshiyasu TakefujiAbstract:With the rapid advance in digital network, digital libraries, and particularly WWW (World Wide Web) services, we can retrieve many kinds of images on personal and mobile computer anytime and anywhere. At the same time, secure image archiving is becoming a major research area because the serious concern is raised about copyright protection and authority identification in digital media. A more sophisticated technique is required for future multimedia copyright protection. In this chapter we propose a secure image archiving using novel digital-watermarking techniques. Firstly, a nonlinear adaptive system (neural network) is applied for frequency-based digital watermarking. Secondly, we discuss application-oriented watermarking method for GIS image archiving. This chapter is divided into two parts. First section is about the way to apply nonlinear adaptive system for frequency-based image watermarking. We propose a new asymmetric technique employing nonlinear adaptive system trained on frequency domain. Our system uses two public keys to prevent removal attack and archive more fragile watermarking. In embedding, location information of frequency domain, where adaptive system is trained, is binalized, expressed in Hexadecimal Number, and encrypted in asymmetric cryptosystem. Encrypted location information is embedded in several parts of digital host contents. In generating key, supervised neural networks learn to assign the array of coefficients to teacher signal corresponding to the message to insert. This is one kind of transform-based method to generate public key from private key. In extracting, we use key matrix created by one-way signal processing of adaptive system. Proposal method is tested in still image, and we have empirically obtained the results that the proposal model is functional in implementing more secure and fragile watermarking compared with previous techniques, such as correlation and transform-based asymmetric watermarking. Several experiments are reported to validate the effectiveness of our watermarking method. Second section is about the application of GIS image archiving using digital watermarking technique. Recently, the utilization of GIS (geographical information system) is becoming rapidly pervasive. Consequently, new methodology of archiving and managing images is a pressing problem for GIS users. It is also expected that as the utilization of GIS becomes widely spread, protecting copyright and confidential images will be more important. In this chapter, we propose a three-layer image data format that makes it possible to synthesize two kinds of related images and analysis information in one image data size. To achieve the confidentiality of one hidden image, we apply the private watermarking scheme, where the algorithm is closed to the public. In the proposal model, encoder netlist embedded in the third layer is generated by FOL prover to achieve more secure and less information to decode it, compared with one operation of another block cipher such as RSA. Proposal system users can process two images without the cost of maintaining key and decoding operation. © 2008, IGI Global.
Muhammad Lal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Complete Description of Well-known Number Systems using Single Table
2015Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Junaid Qayyum, Muhammad Lal, Faheem KhanAbstract:Abstract-- A Number system is a set of rules and symbols used to represent a Number, or any system used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number/numeral system. The modern society is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal, using only two digits i.e. 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system i.e. octal system and Hexadecimal Number system using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The awareness and concept of various Number systems, their Number representation, arithmetic operations, compliments and the inter conversion of Numbers belongs to different Number system is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices require the understanding of data formats (BCD, ASCII etc), Number systems and their inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other). Understanding all these Number systems and particularly the inter conversion of Numbers requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the concepts of the four most common Number systems, their representation, arithmetic, compliments and interconversion is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It will provide an easy understanding and practising of theses Number systems to understand as well as memorise them. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. General term
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Graphical Approach to the Learning of Inter-conversion of Various Number Systems
2014Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Muhammad Lal, Faheem Khan, Shahzad Hameed, Fahad MasoodAbstract:The Number is a symbol or a word used to represent a numeral, while a system is a functionally related group of elements, so as whole, a Number is set/group of symbols to represent Numbers/numerals. In other words, any system that is used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number system, also known as numeral system. Almost everyone is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal Number system, having only two digits i.e. 0 and 1. Binary Number system is based on the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also use the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system, e.g. octal Number system (using eight digits) and Hexadecimal Number systems (using sixteen digits). The knowledge of Number systems, their limitations, data formats, arithmetic, inter conversion and other related terms is essential for understanding of computers and successful programming for digital devices. Understanding all these Number systems and particularly their inter conversion (such process in which things are each converted into the other) of Number system requires allot of time and a large Number of techniques to expertise. In this particular paper the intercom version of four well-known Number systems is taken under the consideration in tabulated as well as graphical form. It is simply a shorthand to the inter conversion of these Number systems to understand as well as memorise it. The well-known Number systems to be discussed are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. Index term
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International Journal of Electrical & Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol: 11 No: 03 23 Complete Description of Well-known Number Systems using Single Table
2012Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Junaid Qayyum, Muhammad Lal, Faheem KhanAbstract:A Number system is a set of rules and symbols used to represent a Number, or any system used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number/numeral system. The modern society is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal, using only two digits i.e. 0 and 1 based on the fundamental concept of the decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also used this fundamental concept of decimal Number system i.e. octal system and Hexadecimal Number system using eight and sixteen digits respectively. The awareness and concept of various Number systems, their Number representation, arithmetic operations, compliments and the inter conversion of Numbers belongs to different Number system is essential for understanding of computers. More over, successful programming for digital devices require the understanding of data formats (BCD, ASCII etc), Number systems and their inter conversion (a process in which things are each converted into the other). Understanding all these Number systems and particularly the inter conversion of Numbers requires allot of time and techniques to expertise. In this paper the concepts of the four most common Number systems, their representation, arithmetic, compliments and interconversion is taken under the consideration in tabulated form. It will provide an easy understanding and practising of theses Number systems to understand as well as memorise them. The four Number systems are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal. General term
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Graphical Approach to the Learning of Inter-conversion of Various Number Systems
2011Co-Authors: Shahid Latif, Muhammad Lal, Faheem Khan, Shahzad Hameed, Fahad MasoodAbstract:The Number is a symbol or a word used to represent a numeral, while a system is a functionally related group of elements, so as whole, a Number is set/group of symbols to represent Numbers/numerals. In other words, any system that is used for naming or representing Numbers is a Number system, also known as numeral system. Almost everyone is familiar with decimal Number system using ten digits. However digital devices and computers use binary Number system instead of decimal Number system, having only two digits i.e. 0 and 1. Binary Number system is based on the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system. Various other Number systems also use the same fundamental concept of decimal Number system, e.g. octal Number system (using eight digits) and Hexadecimal Number systems (using sixteen digits). The knowledge of Number systems, their limitations, data formats, arithmetic, inter conversion and other related terms is essential for understanding of computers and successful programming for digital devices. Understanding all these Number systems and particularly their inter conversion (such process in which things are each converted into the other) of Number system requires allot of time and a large Number of techniques to expertise. In this particular paper the intercom version of four well-known Number systems is taken under the consideration in tabulated as well as graphical form. It is simply a shorthand to the inter conversion of these Number systems to understand as well as memorise it. The well-known Number systems to be discussed are binary, octal, decimal and Hexadecimal.