The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Stanislav N Gorb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spider s super glue thread anchors are composite adhesives with synergistic Hierarchical Organization
Soft Matter, 2015Co-Authors: Jonas O Wolff, Ingo Grawe, Marina Wirth, Andre Karstedt, Stanislav N GorbAbstract:Silk is a key innovation in spiders, fascinating both biologists and material scientists. However, to fulfil their biological function silken threads must be strongly fastened to substrates or other threads. The majority of modern spiders produce a unique and rather unexplored bio-adhesive: the two-compound pyriform secretion, which is spun into elaborate patterns (so called attachment discs) and used to anchor silken threads to substrates. Strong adhesion is achieved on a high variety of surfaces with a minimum of material consumption. Pyriform threads polymerize under ambient conditions, become functional within less than a second and can remain stable for years. They are biodegradable, biocompatible and highly versatile – the adhesion and the overall toughness of the attachment disc can be controlled by spinneret movements on a macroscopic level (ref. 1: V. Sahni et al., Nat. Commun., 2012, 3, 1106, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2099). We found that the pyriform thread is a silk fibre that is coated with glue-like cement consisting of aligned nanofibrils, lipid enclosures and a dense, isotropic boundary layer. The threads are spun in a meshwork pattern that promotes stress distribution and crack arresting. Our results demonstrate, that Hierarchical Organization and fibre embedding may explain the high adhesive strength and flaw tolerance of a structure made by the same, rather simple type of silk glands.
Jie Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hierarchical Organization of brain functional networks during visual tasks.
Physical review. E Statistical nonlinear and soft matter physics, 2011Co-Authors: Zhao Zhuo, Shi-min Cai, Jie ZhangAbstract:The functional network of the brain is known to demonstrate modular structure over different Hierarchical scales. In this paper, we systematically investigated the Hierarchical modular Organizations of the brain functional networks that are derived from the extent of phase synchronization among high-resolution EEG time series during a visual task. In particular, we compare the modular structure of the functional network from EEG channels with that of the anatomical parcellation of the brain cortex. Our results show that the modular architectures of brain functional networks correspond well to those from the anatomical structures over different levels of hierarchy. Most importantly, we find that the consistency between the modular structures of the functional network and the anatomical network becomes more pronounced in terms of vision, sensory, vision-temporal, motor cortices during the visual task, which implies that the strong modularity in these areas forms the functional basis for the visual task. The structure-function relationship further reveals that the phase synchronization of EEG time series in the same anatomical group is much stronger than that of EEG time series from different anatomical groups during the task and that the Hierarchical Organization of functional brain network may be a consequence of functional segmentation of the brain cortex.
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Hierarchical Organization of brain functional networks during visual tasks.
Physical Review E, 2011Co-Authors: Zhao Zhuo, Shi-min Cai, Jie ZhangAbstract:The functional network of the brain is known to demonstrate modular structure over different Hierarchical scales. In this paper, we systematically investigated the Hierarchical modular Organizations of the brain functional networks that are derived from the extent of phase synchronization among high-resolution EEG time series during a visual task. In particular, we compare the modular structure of the functional network from EEG channels with that of the anatomical parcellation of the brain cortex. Our results show that the modular architectures of brain functional networks correspond well to those from the anatomical structures over different levels of hierarchy. Most importantly, we find that the consistency between the modular structures of the functional network and the anatomical network becomes more pronounced in terms of vision, sensory, vision-temporal, motor cortices during the visual task, which implies that the strong modularity in these areas forms the functional basis for the visual task. The structure-function relationship further reveals that the phase synchronization of EEG time series in the same anatomical group is much stronger than that of EEG time series from different anatomical groups during the task and that the Hierarchical Organization of functional brain network may be a consequence of functional segmentation of the brain cortex. Language: en
Tatseng Chua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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answering opinion questions on products by exploiting Hierarchical Organization of consumer reviews
Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2012Co-Authors: Zhengjun Zha, Tatseng ChuaAbstract:This paper proposes to generate appropriate answers for opinion questions about products by exploiting the Hierarchical Organization of consumer reviews. The hierarchy organizes product aspects as nodes following their parent-child relations. For each aspect, the reviews and corresponding opinions on this aspect are stored. We develop a new framework for opinion Questions Answering, which enables accurate question analysis and effective answer generation by making use the hierarchy. In particular, we first identify the (explicit/implicit) product aspects asked in the questions and their sub-aspects by referring to the hierarchy. We then retrieve the corresponding review fragments relevant to the aspects from the hierarchy. In order to generate appropriate answers from the review fragments, we develop a multi-criteria optimization approach for answer generation by simultaneously taking into account review salience, coherence, diversity, and parent-child relations among the aspects. We conduct evaluations on 11 popular products in four domains. The evaluated corpus contains 70,359 consumer reviews and 220 questions on these products. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
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domain assisted product aspect hierarchy generation towards Hierarchical Organization of unstructured consumer reviews
Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2011Co-Authors: Jianxing Yu, Meng Wang, Kai Wang, Tatseng ChuaAbstract:This paper presents a domain-assisted approach to organize various aspects of a product into a hierarchy by integrating domain knowledge (e.g., the product specifications), as well as consumer reviews. Based on the derived hierarchy, we generate a Hierarchical Organization of consumer reviews on various product aspects and aggregate consumer opinions on these aspects. With such Organization, user can easily grasp the overview of consumer reviews. Furthermore, we apply the hierarchy to the task of implicit aspect identification which aims to infer implicit aspects of the reviews that do not explicitly express those aspects but actually comment on them. The experimental results on 11 popular products in four domains demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
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Hierarchical Organization of unstructured consumer reviews
The Web Conference, 2011Co-Authors: Zhengjun Zha, Meng Wang, Tatseng ChuaAbstract:In this paper, we propose to organize the aspects of a specific product into a hierarchy by simultaneously taking advantages of domain structure knowledge as well as consumer reviews. Based on the derived hierarchy, we generate a Hierarchical Organization of the consumer reviews based on various aspects of the product, and aggregate consumer opinions on the aspects. With such Hierarchical Organization, people can easily grasp the overview of consumer reviews and opinions on various aspects, as well as seek consumer reviews and opinions on any specific aspect by navigating through the hierarchy. We conduct evaluation on two product review data sets: Liu et al.'s data set containing 314 reviews for five products [2], and our review corpus which is collected from forum Web sites containing 60,786 reviews for five popular products. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
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WWW (Companion Volume) - Hierarchical Organization of unstructured consumer reviews
Proceedings of the 20th international conference companion on World wide web - WWW '11, 2011Co-Authors: Zhengjun Zha, Meng Wang, Tatseng ChuaAbstract:In this paper, we propose to organize the aspects of a specific product into a hierarchy by simultaneously taking advantages of domain structure knowledge as well as consumer reviews. Based on the derived hierarchy, we generate a Hierarchical Organization of the consumer reviews based on various aspects of the product, and aggregate consumer opinions on the aspects. With such Hierarchical Organization, people can easily grasp the overview of consumer reviews and opinions on various aspects, as well as seek consumer reviews and opinions on any specific aspect by navigating through the hierarchy. We conduct evaluation on two product review data sets: Liu et al.'s data set containing 314 reviews for five products [2], and our review corpus which is collected from forum Web sites containing 60,786 reviews for five popular products. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Jonas O Wolff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spider s super glue thread anchors are composite adhesives with synergistic Hierarchical Organization
Soft Matter, 2015Co-Authors: Jonas O Wolff, Ingo Grawe, Marina Wirth, Andre Karstedt, Stanislav N GorbAbstract:Silk is a key innovation in spiders, fascinating both biologists and material scientists. However, to fulfil their biological function silken threads must be strongly fastened to substrates or other threads. The majority of modern spiders produce a unique and rather unexplored bio-adhesive: the two-compound pyriform secretion, which is spun into elaborate patterns (so called attachment discs) and used to anchor silken threads to substrates. Strong adhesion is achieved on a high variety of surfaces with a minimum of material consumption. Pyriform threads polymerize under ambient conditions, become functional within less than a second and can remain stable for years. They are biodegradable, biocompatible and highly versatile – the adhesion and the overall toughness of the attachment disc can be controlled by spinneret movements on a macroscopic level (ref. 1: V. Sahni et al., Nat. Commun., 2012, 3, 1106, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2099). We found that the pyriform thread is a silk fibre that is coated with glue-like cement consisting of aligned nanofibrils, lipid enclosures and a dense, isotropic boundary layer. The threads are spun in a meshwork pattern that promotes stress distribution and crack arresting. Our results demonstrate, that Hierarchical Organization and fibre embedding may explain the high adhesive strength and flaw tolerance of a structure made by the same, rather simple type of silk glands.
Zhao Zhuo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hierarchical Organization of brain functional networks during visual tasks.
Physical review. E Statistical nonlinear and soft matter physics, 2011Co-Authors: Zhao Zhuo, Shi-min Cai, Jie ZhangAbstract:The functional network of the brain is known to demonstrate modular structure over different Hierarchical scales. In this paper, we systematically investigated the Hierarchical modular Organizations of the brain functional networks that are derived from the extent of phase synchronization among high-resolution EEG time series during a visual task. In particular, we compare the modular structure of the functional network from EEG channels with that of the anatomical parcellation of the brain cortex. Our results show that the modular architectures of brain functional networks correspond well to those from the anatomical structures over different levels of hierarchy. Most importantly, we find that the consistency between the modular structures of the functional network and the anatomical network becomes more pronounced in terms of vision, sensory, vision-temporal, motor cortices during the visual task, which implies that the strong modularity in these areas forms the functional basis for the visual task. The structure-function relationship further reveals that the phase synchronization of EEG time series in the same anatomical group is much stronger than that of EEG time series from different anatomical groups during the task and that the Hierarchical Organization of functional brain network may be a consequence of functional segmentation of the brain cortex.
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Hierarchical Organization of brain functional networks during visual tasks.
Physical Review E, 2011Co-Authors: Zhao Zhuo, Shi-min Cai, Jie ZhangAbstract:The functional network of the brain is known to demonstrate modular structure over different Hierarchical scales. In this paper, we systematically investigated the Hierarchical modular Organizations of the brain functional networks that are derived from the extent of phase synchronization among high-resolution EEG time series during a visual task. In particular, we compare the modular structure of the functional network from EEG channels with that of the anatomical parcellation of the brain cortex. Our results show that the modular architectures of brain functional networks correspond well to those from the anatomical structures over different levels of hierarchy. Most importantly, we find that the consistency between the modular structures of the functional network and the anatomical network becomes more pronounced in terms of vision, sensory, vision-temporal, motor cortices during the visual task, which implies that the strong modularity in these areas forms the functional basis for the visual task. The structure-function relationship further reveals that the phase synchronization of EEG time series in the same anatomical group is much stronger than that of EEG time series from different anatomical groups during the task and that the Hierarchical Organization of functional brain network may be a consequence of functional segmentation of the brain cortex. Language: en
