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Benoît Chachuat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant-wide assessment of High-Pressure Membrane contactors in natural gas sweetening – Part II: Process analysis
Separation and Purification Technology, 2021Co-Authors: Ven Chian Quek, Nilay Shah, Benoît ChachuatAbstract:Abstract This paper presents a model-based assessment of a natural gas sweetening process combining High-Pressure Membrane contactor with conventional amine regeneration. The analysis builds on a mathematical model of the Membrane contactor developed in the companion paper, which is capable of quantitative predictions of the CO2 and hydrocarbon absorption in the amine solvent and the solvent evaporative losses to the treated gas. The predictive capability of the plant-wide model is tested against data from a pilot plant operated under industrially relevant conditions at a natural gas processing facility in Malaysia, showing a close agreement of the predictions with the CO2 outlet purity and the energy consumption at various CO2 loading in the amine solvent. This enables a model-based analysis of various operational decisions on the plant-wide solvent losses and hydrocarbon recovery from the rich amine. A new semi-lean process configuration that replaces the energy-intensive stripper column by a simple flash separator is shown to reduce the overall energy consumption significantly while still meeting sales gas specification. This new configuration forms the basis for the scale-up of a commercial natural gas sweetening process, which shows a high intensification potential in terms of volume footprint and energy duty compared to conventional amine treating plants.
William B Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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removal of the cyanotoxin anatoxin a by drinking water treatment processes a review
Journal of Water and Health, 2014Co-Authors: Silvia Vlad, William B Anderson, Sigrid Peldszus, Peter M HuckAbstract:Anatoxin-a (ANTX-a) is a potent alkaloid neurotoxin, produced by several species of cyanobacteria and detected throughout the world. The presence of cyanotoxins, including ANTX-a, in drinking water sources is a potential risk to public health. This article presents a thorough examination of the cumulative body of research on the use of drinking water treatment technologies for extracellular ANTX-a removal, focusing on providing an analysis of the specific operating parameters required for effective treatment and on compiling a series of best-practice recommendations for owners and operators of systems impacted by this cyanotoxin. Of the oxidants used in drinking water treatment, chlorine-based processes (chlorine, chloramines and chlorine dioxide) have been shown to be ineffective for ANTX-a treatment, while ozone, advanced oxidation processes and permanganate can be successful. High-Pressure Membrane filtration (nanofiltration and reverse osmosis) is likely effective, while adsorption and biofiltration may be effective but further investigation into the implementation of these processes is necessary. Given the lack of full-scale verification, a multiple-barrier approach is recommended, employing a combination of chemical and non-chemical processes.
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behaviour and fate of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances pfass in drinking water treatment a review
Water Research, 2014Co-Authors: Mohammad Feisal Rahman, Sigrid Peldszus, William B AndersonAbstract:This article reviews perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) characteristics, their occurrence in surface water, and their fate in drinking water treatment processes. PFASs have been detected globally in the aquatic environment including drinking water at trace concentrations and due, in part, to their persistence in human tissue some are being investigated for regulation. They are aliphatic compounds containing saturated carbon–fluorine bonds and are resistant to chemical, physical, and biological degradation. Functional groups, carbon chain length, and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity are some of the important structural properties of PFASs that affect their fate during drinking water treatment. Full-scale drinking water treatment plant occurrence data indicate that PFASs, if present in raw water, are not substantially removed by most drinking water treatment processes including coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, biofiltration, oxidation (chlorination, ozonation, AOPs), UV irradiation, and low pressure Membranes. Early observations suggest that activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange, and high pressure Membrane filtration may be effective in controlling these contaminants. However, branched isomers and the increasingly used shorter chain PFAS replacement products may be problematic as it pertains to the accurate assessment of PFAS behaviour through drinking water treatment processes since only limited information is available for these PFASs.
Ven Chian Quek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant-wide assessment of High-Pressure Membrane contactors in natural gas sweetening – Part II: Process analysis
Separation and Purification Technology, 2021Co-Authors: Ven Chian Quek, Nilay Shah, Benoît ChachuatAbstract:Abstract This paper presents a model-based assessment of a natural gas sweetening process combining High-Pressure Membrane contactor with conventional amine regeneration. The analysis builds on a mathematical model of the Membrane contactor developed in the companion paper, which is capable of quantitative predictions of the CO2 and hydrocarbon absorption in the amine solvent and the solvent evaporative losses to the treated gas. The predictive capability of the plant-wide model is tested against data from a pilot plant operated under industrially relevant conditions at a natural gas processing facility in Malaysia, showing a close agreement of the predictions with the CO2 outlet purity and the energy consumption at various CO2 loading in the amine solvent. This enables a model-based analysis of various operational decisions on the plant-wide solvent losses and hydrocarbon recovery from the rich amine. A new semi-lean process configuration that replaces the energy-intensive stripper column by a simple flash separator is shown to reduce the overall energy consumption significantly while still meeting sales gas specification. This new configuration forms the basis for the scale-up of a commercial natural gas sweetening process, which shows a high intensification potential in terms of volume footprint and energy duty compared to conventional amine treating plants.
Zhe Phak Chan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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deep co2 removal using high pressure Membrane contactors with low liquid to gas ratio
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2020Co-Authors: Zhe Phak Chan, Lin Li, Guodong Kang, Norfaizah Ab Manan, Tonghua WangAbstract:Abstract Membrane contactor is a technology that intensifies conventional absorption column. However, liquid-to-gas ratios (L/G) of Membrane contactor in existing reports are much higher compared to CO2 absorption column, which results in higher solvent circulation rate and higher consumption in heating energy. This makes the technology less attractive for deep CO2 removal. Direct reduction of liquid flow rate was not effective in lowering down L/G. Experimental results showed that 50% reduction in liquid flow rate could reduce L/G by 25%, but the reduction in CO2 flux (33%) was higher due to decrease in liquid phase mass transfer coefficient which was dependent on liquid velocity. An alternative method to reduce L/G through Membrane module length increase was proven, where L/G was reduced 70% with only 16% flux reduction. The flux reduction was only observed when L/G dropped below 0.80 L/mol and it was due to depletion of unreacted amine for CO2 absorption. The lowest L/G value obtained in this study was 36% lower than the conventional absorption column in liquefied natural gas (LNG) process, showing that Membrane contactor technology is not only energy-viable and more compact for deep CO2 removal, but it also offers energy saving advantage.
Nilay Shah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant-wide assessment of High-Pressure Membrane contactors in natural gas sweetening – Part II: Process analysis
Separation and Purification Technology, 2021Co-Authors: Ven Chian Quek, Nilay Shah, Benoît ChachuatAbstract:Abstract This paper presents a model-based assessment of a natural gas sweetening process combining High-Pressure Membrane contactor with conventional amine regeneration. The analysis builds on a mathematical model of the Membrane contactor developed in the companion paper, which is capable of quantitative predictions of the CO2 and hydrocarbon absorption in the amine solvent and the solvent evaporative losses to the treated gas. The predictive capability of the plant-wide model is tested against data from a pilot plant operated under industrially relevant conditions at a natural gas processing facility in Malaysia, showing a close agreement of the predictions with the CO2 outlet purity and the energy consumption at various CO2 loading in the amine solvent. This enables a model-based analysis of various operational decisions on the plant-wide solvent losses and hydrocarbon recovery from the rich amine. A new semi-lean process configuration that replaces the energy-intensive stripper column by a simple flash separator is shown to reduce the overall energy consumption significantly while still meeting sales gas specification. This new configuration forms the basis for the scale-up of a commercial natural gas sweetening process, which shows a high intensification potential in terms of volume footprint and energy duty compared to conventional amine treating plants.