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López Ortigosa Santiago - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Caracterización de la expresión de moleculas de adhesión endotelial durante la listeriosis murina experimental : importancia de los neutrófilos en el desarrollo de lesiones en el sistema nervioso central /
    Bellaterra : Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004
    Co-Authors: López Ortigosa Santiago, Marco Valle Alberto
    Abstract:

    Descripció del recurs: 12 de juliol de 2004La listeriosis murina experimental se caracteriza por la rápida llegada de leucocitos, especialmente neutrófilos (PMNNs) y macrófagos a los órganos diana de la infección, hígado y bazo. El rápido reclutamiento de estas células a los focos de infección es vital para el control inicial de la infección. Las lesiones nerviosas en la listeriosis murina experimental se caracterizan por la afluencia masiva de PMNNs hacia las meninges y al sistema ventricular. Sin embargo, de la misma manera que el rápido reclutamiento de estas células a los focos de infección es vital para el control inicial de la infección, no se puede excluir la posibilidad de que el reclutamiento de PMNNs en el sistema nervioso central contribuya al desarrollo de las lesiones nerviosas mediante la liberación de mediadores inflamatorios y/o participando a la vehiculación y diseminación de la listerias. Uno de los objetivos principales de este trabajo doctoral fue el estudio de la expresión de las moléculas de adhesión endotelial E-selectina, P-selectina e ICAM-1 en el transcurso de la listeriosis murina experimental y determinar la correlación entre la expresión de dichas moléculas y las lesiones inflamatorias observadas. Asimismo, se intentó elucidar la importancia de los PMNNs en la patogenia de las lesiones nerviosas mediante la utilización del anticuerpo monoclonal RB6-8C5, el cual depleciona específicamente la población de PMNNs in vivo . La estandarización de las técnicas inmunohistoquímicas para la detección de las moléculas de adhesión endotelial E-selectina, P-selectina e ICAM-1 en tejidos de ratón fijados en formol e incluidos en parafina fue llevada a cabo mediante la caracterización de su expresión en ratones normales y en un modelo de activación endotelial por lipopolisacárido bacteriano. E-selectina fue únicamente detectada tras activación endotelial en la mayoría de los órganos. ICAM-1fue detectada de forma constitutiva en células endoteliales de todos los órganos estudiados y su expresión fue sobre-regulada tras activación con lipopolisacárido. Estos resultados están en concordancia con los resultados obtenidos previamente por otros autores en tejidos congelados. En el modelo murino de listeriosis, tanto P-selectina como ICAM-1 fueron inducidas y/o sobre-expresadas rápidamente tras la infección. E-selectina fue detectada únicamente de forma espóradica en este modelo. Tras esta primera fase de activación endotelial inespecífica, la sobre-expresión de estas moléculas estuvo asociada a la presencia de lesiones inflamatorias en los órganos diana de la infección, especialmente hígado, órganos linfoides secundarios y SNC. En el hígado, la aparición de las lesiones inflamatorias está correlacionada con la expresión de ICAM-1 en los sinusoides hepáticos y de P-selectina e ICAM-1 en las venas centrolobulillares y en los vasos situados en el espacio porta. La lesiones esplénicas estuvieron asociadas a la expresión de ICAM-1 en la zona marginal de la pulpa blanca. En los linfonodos inflamados, P-selectina e ICAM-1 fueron detectadas en las venas de endotelio alto. En el SNC, las lesiones iniciales consistieron en una leptomeningitis purulenta asociada a una fuerte expresión endotelial de P-selectina e ICAM-1 en vénulas del espacio subaracnoideo, especialmente en aquellas situadas en la fisura del hipocampo. La aparición de ventriculitis y/o coroiditis purulentas en nuestro modelo fue un fenómeno posterior a la presencia de meningitis y está asociado a una intensa expresión de ICAM-1 las células epiteliales coroideas y en las células ventriculares así como en el endotelio de vasos periventriculares. La depleción de PMNNs mediante la administración del anticuerpo monoclonal RB6-8C5 durante la listeriosis murina experimental facilitó la multiplicación de Listeria monocytogenes en el SNC pero aparentemente no previno o interfirió su acceso al encéfalo. Estas observaciones sugieren que los PMNN tienen una función esencial en la prevención del acceso y/o la multiplicación de L. monocytogenes en el SNC.Systemic murine listeriosis is characterized by the rapid influx of leukocytes, especially neutrophils but also macrophages, into the site of initial bacterial replication, especially the liver and spleen. Neutrophils play a critical role in reducing the bacterial burden in these organs. Neutrophils are also the main inflammatory cell present in meningitis, ventriculitis/choroiditis and rombencephalitis that develop during the course of human and experimental murine listeriosis. Recruited neutrophils are thought to contribute to the elimination of L. monocytogenes, although they could also be involved in the development of progressive brain injury via the release of harmful mediators and/or participating in the dissemination of Listeria . The aim of this study was to detect by immunohistochemistry the expression of the endothelial adhesion molecules E-selectin, P-selectin and ICAM-1 during the course of experimental murine listeriosis and to determine if correlation existed between the expression of these adhesion molecules and the inflammatory infiltrate in the target organs. In addition, the role of neutrophils in the development of the lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) was studied by the in vivo administration of the neutrophil-depleting antibody RB6-8C5. Immunohistochemical techniques to detect ICAM-1, P-selectin and E-selectin in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues were developed using standard antigen unmasking protocols. The distribution and pattern of expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1 in normal and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mice was described. No constitutive expression of E-selectin was found in any of the normal tissues investigated. In stimulated animals, E-selectin expression was detected on endothelial cells in most evaluated organs. ICAM-1 was constitutively expressed, and was upregulated in all the organs after LPS inoculation. The results paralleled previous studies where immunohistochemistry on frozen sections was used. During the course of experimental murine listeriosis, a strong up-regulation of P-selectin and ICAM-1 occurred rapidly after the infection. E-selectin was faint and inconstantly detected in all the studied organs. The expression of these adhesion molecules was correlated with the recruitment of leukocytes, especially to the liver, lymphoid organs and CNS. In the liver, typical lesions of murine listeriosis were related to the expression of ICAM-1 on sinusoidal endothelial cells, and to the de novo expression of P-selectin in hepatic portal vessels. Inflammation in the spleen was related to the expression of ICAM-1 on red pulp sinusoidal cells, especially in the marginal sinus. High endothelial venules of inflamed lymph nodes also expressed P-selectin and ICAM-1. In the CNS, the expression of P-selectin and up-regulation of ICAM-1 in meningeal vessels, especially in those located in the Hippocampal sulcus, was associated with the initial meningeal inflammation and suggest that neutrophils probably reach the CNS through these vessels during experimental murine listeriosis. Leptomeningitis was followed by the presence of ventriculitis, which was related to the up-regulation of ICAM-1 on choroid plexus epithelial cells, periventricular vessels and ependimal cells. Administration of the neutrophil-depleting antibody RB6-8C5 during experimental murine listeriosis enhanced or facilitated multiplication of L. monocytogenes as well as lesion formation in the CNS of infected mice. Thus, neutrophils not only play a key role in host defense against L. monocytogenes infection in the limiting early bacterial multiplication in the liver and the spleen, but they are also crucial in eliminating bacteria that gain access to the CNS compartment

  • Caracterización de la expresión de móleculas de adhesión endotelial durante la listeriosis murina experimental. importancia de los neutrófilos en el desarrollo de lesiones en el sistema nervioso central
    'Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona', 2003
    Co-Authors: López Ortigosa Santiago
    Abstract:

    La listeriosis murina experimental se caracteriza por la rápida llegada de leucocitos, especialmente neutrófilos (PMNNs) y macrófagos a los órganos diana de la infección, hígado y bazo. El rápido reclutamiento de estas células a los focos de infección es vital para el control inicial de la infección. Las lesiones nerviosas en la listeriosis murina experimental se caracterizan por la afluencia masiva de PMNNs hacia las meninges y al sistema ventricular. Sin embargo, de la misma manera que el rápido reclutamiento de estas células a los focos de infección es vital para el control inicial de la infección, no se puede excluir la posibilidad de que el reclutamiento de PMNNs en el sistema nervioso central contribuya al desarrollo de las lesiones nerviosas mediante la liberación de mediadores inflamatorios y/o participando a la vehiculación y diseminación de la listerias. Uno de los objetivos principales de este trabajo doctoral fue el estudio de la expresión de las moléculas de adhesión endotelial E-selectina, P-selectina e ICAM-1 en el transcurso de la listeriosis murina experimental y determinar la correlación entre la expresión de dichas moléculas y las lesiones inflamatorias observadas. Asimismo, se intentó elucidar la importancia de los PMNNs en la patogenia de las lesiones nerviosas mediante la utilización del anticuerpo monoclonal RB6-8C5, el cual depleciona específicamente la población de PMNNs in vivo .La estandarización de las técnicas inmunohistoquímicas para la detección de las moléculas de adhesión endotelial E-selectina, P-selectina e ICAM-1 en tejidos de ratón fijados en formol e incluidos en parafina fue llevada a cabo mediante la caracterización de su expresión en ratones normales y en un modelo de activación endotelial por lipopolisacárido bacteriano. E-selectina fue únicamente detectada tras activación endotelial en la mayoría de los órganos. ICAM-1fue detectada de forma constitutiva en células endoteliales de todos los órganos estudiados y su expresión fue sobre-regulada tras activación con lipopolisacárido. Estos resultados están en concordancia con los resultados obtenidos previamente por otros autores en tejidos congelados.En el modelo murino de listeriosis, tanto P-selectina como ICAM-1 fueron inducidas y/o sobre-expresadas rápidamente tras la infección. E-selectina fue detectada únicamente de forma espóradica en este modelo. Tras esta primera fase de activación endotelial inespecífica, la sobre-expresión de estas moléculas estuvo asociada a la presencia de lesiones inflamatorias en los órganos diana de la infección, especialmente hígado, órganos linfoides secundarios y SNC. En el hígado, la aparición de las lesiones inflamatorias está correlacionada con la expresión de ICAM-1 en los sinusoides hepáticos y de P-selectina e ICAM-1 en las venas centrolobulillares y en los vasos situados en el espacio porta. La lesiones esplénicas estuvieron asociadas a la expresión de ICAM-1 en la zona marginal de la pulpa blanca. En los linfonodos inflamados, P-selectina e ICAM-1 fueron detectadas en las venas de endotelio alto. En el SNC, las lesiones iniciales consistieron en una leptomeningitis purulenta asociada a una fuerte expresión endotelial de P-selectina e ICAM-1 en vénulas del espacio subaracnoideo, especialmente en aquellas situadas en la fisura del hipocampo. La aparición de ventriculitis y/o coroiditis purulentas en nuestro modelo fue un fenómeno posterior a la presencia de meningitis y está asociado a una intensa expresión de ICAM-1 las células epiteliales coroideas y en las células ventriculares así como en el endotelio de vasos periventriculares. La depleción de PMNNs mediante la administración del anticuerpo monoclonal RB6-8C5 durante la listeriosis murina experimental facilitó la multiplicación de Listeria monocytogenes en el SNC pero aparentemente no previno o interfirió su acceso al encéfalo. Estas observaciones sugieren que los PMNN tienen una función esencial en la prevención del acceso y/o la multiplicación de L. monocytogenes en el SNC.Systemic murine listeriosis is characterized by the rapid influx of leukocytes, especially neutrophils but also macrophages, into the site of initial bacterial replication, especially the liver and spleen. Neutrophils play a critical role in reducing the bacterial burden in these organs. Neutrophils are also the main inflammatory cell present in meningitis, ventriculitis/choroiditis and rombencephalitis that develop during the course of human and experimental murine listeriosis. Recruited neutrophils are thought to contribute to the elimination of L. monocytogenes, although they could also be involved in the development of progressive brain injury via the release of harmful mediators and/or participating in the dissemination of Listeria . The aim of this study was to detect by immunohistochemistry the expression of the endothelial adhesion molecules E-selectin, P-selectin and ICAM-1 during the course of experimental murine listeriosis and to determine if correlation existed between the expression of these adhesion molecules and the inflammatory infiltrate in the target organs. In addition, the role of neutrophils in the development of the lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) was studied by the in vivo administration of the neutrophil-depleting antibody RB6-8C5. Immunohistochemical techniques to detect ICAM-1, P-selectin and E-selectin in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues were developed using standard antigen unmasking protocols. The distribution and pattern of expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1 in normal and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mice was described. No constitutive expression of E-selectin was found in any of the normal tissues investigated. In stimulated animals, E-selectin expression was detected on endothelial cells in most evaluated organs. ICAM-1 was constitutively expressed, and was upregulated in all the organs after LPS inoculation. The results paralleled previous studies where immunohistochemistry on frozen sections was used. During the course of experimental murine listeriosis, a strong up-regulation of P-selectin and ICAM-1 occurred rapidly after the infection. E-selectin was faint and inconstantly detected in all the studied organs. The expression of these adhesion molecules was correlated with the recruitment of leukocytes, especially to the liver, lymphoid organs and CNS. In the liver, typical lesions of murine listeriosis were related to the expression of ICAM-1 on sinusoidal endothelial cells, and to the de novo expression of P-selectin in hepatic portal vessels. Inflammation in the spleen was related to the expression of ICAM-1 on red pulp sinusoidal cells, especially in the marginal sinus. High endothelial venules of inflamed lymph nodes also expressed P-selectin and ICAM-1. In the CNS, the expression of P-selectin and up-regulation of ICAM-1 in meningeal vessels, especially in those located in the Hippocampal sulcus, was associated with the initial meningeal inflammation and suggest that neutrophils probably reach the CNS through these vessels during experimental murine listeriosis. Leptomeningitis was followed by the presence of ventriculitis, which was related to the up-regulation of ICAM-1 on choroid plexus epithelial cells, periventricular vessels and ependimal cells.Administration of the neutrophil-depleting antibody RB6-8C5 during experimental murine listeriosis enhanced or facilitated multiplication of L. monocytogenes as well as lesion formation in the CNS of infected mice. Thus, neutrophils not only play a key role in host defense against L. monocytogenes infection in the limiting early bacterial multiplication in the liver and the spleen, but they are also crucial in eliminating bacteria that gain access to the CNS compartment

Richard A Bronen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • limbic lobe embryology and anatomy dissection and mr of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere
    American Journal of Neuroradiology, 1995
    Co-Authors: E L Kier, Robert K. Fulbright, Richard A Bronen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To facilitate understanding of limbic lobe anatomy by showing embryologic transformations of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. METHODS: Brains from fetal specimens ranging from 13 to 24 weeks of gestational age were dissected. Photographs were made of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. MR images of different fetal specimens of similar age were made for comparison of MR anatomy with dissected material. RESULTS: At 13 weeks, the entire inner limbic arch of the Hippocampal formation is visible on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The Hippocampal sulcus extends from frontal lobe to temporal lobe. At 16 weeks, the outer neocortical limbic arch of the subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampus gyrus is present. Growth of the corpus callosum is associated with reduction in size of the Hippocampal formation in the frontal lobe. The sulcus of the corpus callosum is the remnant of the anterior part of the Hippocampal sulcus. At 18 weeks, growth of the paraHippocampal gyrus begins to conceal the Hippocampal formation. The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum), hidden from view by the corpus callosum, and the paraterminal gyrus are remnants of the previously larger Hippocampal formation. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of fetal specimens in different developmental stages with dissection and MR provides insight into embryologic transformations responsible for the complex anatomy of the limbic lobe.

  • limbic lobe embryology and anatomy dissection and mr of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere
    American Journal of Neuroradiology, 1995
    Co-Authors: E L Kier, Robert K. Fulbright, Richard A Bronen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To facilitate understanding of limbic lobe anatomy by showing embryologic transformations of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. METHODS: Brains from fetal specimens ranging from 13 to 24 weeks of gestational age were dissected. Photographs were made of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. MR images of different fetal specimens of similar age were made for comparison of MR anatomy with dissected material. RESULTS: At 13 weeks, the entire inner limbic arch of the Hippocampal formation is visible on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The Hippocampal sulcus extends from frontal lobe to temporal lobe. At 16 weeks, the outer neocortical limbic arch of the subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampus gyrus is present. Growth of the corpus callosum is associated with reduction in size of the Hippocampal formation in the frontal lobe. The sulcus of the corpus callosum is the remnant of the anterior part of the Hippocampal sulcus. At 18 weeks, growth of the paraHippocampal gyrus begins to conceal the Hippocampal formation. The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum), hidden from view by the corpus callosum, and the paraterminal gyrus are remnants of the previously larger Hippocampal formation. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of fetal specimens in different developmental stages with dissection and MR provides insight into embryologic transformations responsible for the complex anatomy of the limbic lobe.

Marco Valle Alberto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Caracterización de la expresión de moleculas de adhesión endotelial durante la listeriosis murina experimental : importancia de los neutrófilos en el desarrollo de lesiones en el sistema nervioso central /
    Bellaterra : Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004
    Co-Authors: López Ortigosa Santiago, Marco Valle Alberto
    Abstract:

    Descripció del recurs: 12 de juliol de 2004La listeriosis murina experimental se caracteriza por la rápida llegada de leucocitos, especialmente neutrófilos (PMNNs) y macrófagos a los órganos diana de la infección, hígado y bazo. El rápido reclutamiento de estas células a los focos de infección es vital para el control inicial de la infección. Las lesiones nerviosas en la listeriosis murina experimental se caracterizan por la afluencia masiva de PMNNs hacia las meninges y al sistema ventricular. Sin embargo, de la misma manera que el rápido reclutamiento de estas células a los focos de infección es vital para el control inicial de la infección, no se puede excluir la posibilidad de que el reclutamiento de PMNNs en el sistema nervioso central contribuya al desarrollo de las lesiones nerviosas mediante la liberación de mediadores inflamatorios y/o participando a la vehiculación y diseminación de la listerias. Uno de los objetivos principales de este trabajo doctoral fue el estudio de la expresión de las moléculas de adhesión endotelial E-selectina, P-selectina e ICAM-1 en el transcurso de la listeriosis murina experimental y determinar la correlación entre la expresión de dichas moléculas y las lesiones inflamatorias observadas. Asimismo, se intentó elucidar la importancia de los PMNNs en la patogenia de las lesiones nerviosas mediante la utilización del anticuerpo monoclonal RB6-8C5, el cual depleciona específicamente la población de PMNNs in vivo . La estandarización de las técnicas inmunohistoquímicas para la detección de las moléculas de adhesión endotelial E-selectina, P-selectina e ICAM-1 en tejidos de ratón fijados en formol e incluidos en parafina fue llevada a cabo mediante la caracterización de su expresión en ratones normales y en un modelo de activación endotelial por lipopolisacárido bacteriano. E-selectina fue únicamente detectada tras activación endotelial en la mayoría de los órganos. ICAM-1fue detectada de forma constitutiva en células endoteliales de todos los órganos estudiados y su expresión fue sobre-regulada tras activación con lipopolisacárido. Estos resultados están en concordancia con los resultados obtenidos previamente por otros autores en tejidos congelados. En el modelo murino de listeriosis, tanto P-selectina como ICAM-1 fueron inducidas y/o sobre-expresadas rápidamente tras la infección. E-selectina fue detectada únicamente de forma espóradica en este modelo. Tras esta primera fase de activación endotelial inespecífica, la sobre-expresión de estas moléculas estuvo asociada a la presencia de lesiones inflamatorias en los órganos diana de la infección, especialmente hígado, órganos linfoides secundarios y SNC. En el hígado, la aparición de las lesiones inflamatorias está correlacionada con la expresión de ICAM-1 en los sinusoides hepáticos y de P-selectina e ICAM-1 en las venas centrolobulillares y en los vasos situados en el espacio porta. La lesiones esplénicas estuvieron asociadas a la expresión de ICAM-1 en la zona marginal de la pulpa blanca. En los linfonodos inflamados, P-selectina e ICAM-1 fueron detectadas en las venas de endotelio alto. En el SNC, las lesiones iniciales consistieron en una leptomeningitis purulenta asociada a una fuerte expresión endotelial de P-selectina e ICAM-1 en vénulas del espacio subaracnoideo, especialmente en aquellas situadas en la fisura del hipocampo. La aparición de ventriculitis y/o coroiditis purulentas en nuestro modelo fue un fenómeno posterior a la presencia de meningitis y está asociado a una intensa expresión de ICAM-1 las células epiteliales coroideas y en las células ventriculares así como en el endotelio de vasos periventriculares. La depleción de PMNNs mediante la administración del anticuerpo monoclonal RB6-8C5 durante la listeriosis murina experimental facilitó la multiplicación de Listeria monocytogenes en el SNC pero aparentemente no previno o interfirió su acceso al encéfalo. Estas observaciones sugieren que los PMNN tienen una función esencial en la prevención del acceso y/o la multiplicación de L. monocytogenes en el SNC.Systemic murine listeriosis is characterized by the rapid influx of leukocytes, especially neutrophils but also macrophages, into the site of initial bacterial replication, especially the liver and spleen. Neutrophils play a critical role in reducing the bacterial burden in these organs. Neutrophils are also the main inflammatory cell present in meningitis, ventriculitis/choroiditis and rombencephalitis that develop during the course of human and experimental murine listeriosis. Recruited neutrophils are thought to contribute to the elimination of L. monocytogenes, although they could also be involved in the development of progressive brain injury via the release of harmful mediators and/or participating in the dissemination of Listeria . The aim of this study was to detect by immunohistochemistry the expression of the endothelial adhesion molecules E-selectin, P-selectin and ICAM-1 during the course of experimental murine listeriosis and to determine if correlation existed between the expression of these adhesion molecules and the inflammatory infiltrate in the target organs. In addition, the role of neutrophils in the development of the lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) was studied by the in vivo administration of the neutrophil-depleting antibody RB6-8C5. Immunohistochemical techniques to detect ICAM-1, P-selectin and E-selectin in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues were developed using standard antigen unmasking protocols. The distribution and pattern of expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1 in normal and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mice was described. No constitutive expression of E-selectin was found in any of the normal tissues investigated. In stimulated animals, E-selectin expression was detected on endothelial cells in most evaluated organs. ICAM-1 was constitutively expressed, and was upregulated in all the organs after LPS inoculation. The results paralleled previous studies where immunohistochemistry on frozen sections was used. During the course of experimental murine listeriosis, a strong up-regulation of P-selectin and ICAM-1 occurred rapidly after the infection. E-selectin was faint and inconstantly detected in all the studied organs. The expression of these adhesion molecules was correlated with the recruitment of leukocytes, especially to the liver, lymphoid organs and CNS. In the liver, typical lesions of murine listeriosis were related to the expression of ICAM-1 on sinusoidal endothelial cells, and to the de novo expression of P-selectin in hepatic portal vessels. Inflammation in the spleen was related to the expression of ICAM-1 on red pulp sinusoidal cells, especially in the marginal sinus. High endothelial venules of inflamed lymph nodes also expressed P-selectin and ICAM-1. In the CNS, the expression of P-selectin and up-regulation of ICAM-1 in meningeal vessels, especially in those located in the Hippocampal sulcus, was associated with the initial meningeal inflammation and suggest that neutrophils probably reach the CNS through these vessels during experimental murine listeriosis. Leptomeningitis was followed by the presence of ventriculitis, which was related to the up-regulation of ICAM-1 on choroid plexus epithelial cells, periventricular vessels and ependimal cells. Administration of the neutrophil-depleting antibody RB6-8C5 during experimental murine listeriosis enhanced or facilitated multiplication of L. monocytogenes as well as lesion formation in the CNS of infected mice. Thus, neutrophils not only play a key role in host defense against L. monocytogenes infection in the limiting early bacterial multiplication in the liver and the spleen, but they are also crucial in eliminating bacteria that gain access to the CNS compartment

E L Kier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • limbic lobe embryology and anatomy dissection and mr of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere
    American Journal of Neuroradiology, 1995
    Co-Authors: E L Kier, Robert K. Fulbright, Richard A Bronen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To facilitate understanding of limbic lobe anatomy by showing embryologic transformations of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. METHODS: Brains from fetal specimens ranging from 13 to 24 weeks of gestational age were dissected. Photographs were made of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. MR images of different fetal specimens of similar age were made for comparison of MR anatomy with dissected material. RESULTS: At 13 weeks, the entire inner limbic arch of the Hippocampal formation is visible on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The Hippocampal sulcus extends from frontal lobe to temporal lobe. At 16 weeks, the outer neocortical limbic arch of the subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampus gyrus is present. Growth of the corpus callosum is associated with reduction in size of the Hippocampal formation in the frontal lobe. The sulcus of the corpus callosum is the remnant of the anterior part of the Hippocampal sulcus. At 18 weeks, growth of the paraHippocampal gyrus begins to conceal the Hippocampal formation. The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum), hidden from view by the corpus callosum, and the paraterminal gyrus are remnants of the previously larger Hippocampal formation. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of fetal specimens in different developmental stages with dissection and MR provides insight into embryologic transformations responsible for the complex anatomy of the limbic lobe.

  • limbic lobe embryology and anatomy dissection and mr of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere
    American Journal of Neuroradiology, 1995
    Co-Authors: E L Kier, Robert K. Fulbright, Richard A Bronen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To facilitate understanding of limbic lobe anatomy by showing embryologic transformations of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. METHODS: Brains from fetal specimens ranging from 13 to 24 weeks of gestational age were dissected. Photographs were made of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. MR images of different fetal specimens of similar age were made for comparison of MR anatomy with dissected material. RESULTS: At 13 weeks, the entire inner limbic arch of the Hippocampal formation is visible on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The Hippocampal sulcus extends from frontal lobe to temporal lobe. At 16 weeks, the outer neocortical limbic arch of the subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampus gyrus is present. Growth of the corpus callosum is associated with reduction in size of the Hippocampal formation in the frontal lobe. The sulcus of the corpus callosum is the remnant of the anterior part of the Hippocampal sulcus. At 18 weeks, growth of the paraHippocampal gyrus begins to conceal the Hippocampal formation. The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum), hidden from view by the corpus callosum, and the paraterminal gyrus are remnants of the previously larger Hippocampal formation. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of fetal specimens in different developmental stages with dissection and MR provides insight into embryologic transformations responsible for the complex anatomy of the limbic lobe.

Robert K. Fulbright - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • limbic lobe embryology and anatomy dissection and mr of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere
    American Journal of Neuroradiology, 1995
    Co-Authors: E L Kier, Robert K. Fulbright, Richard A Bronen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To facilitate understanding of limbic lobe anatomy by showing embryologic transformations of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. METHODS: Brains from fetal specimens ranging from 13 to 24 weeks of gestational age were dissected. Photographs were made of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. MR images of different fetal specimens of similar age were made for comparison of MR anatomy with dissected material. RESULTS: At 13 weeks, the entire inner limbic arch of the Hippocampal formation is visible on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The Hippocampal sulcus extends from frontal lobe to temporal lobe. At 16 weeks, the outer neocortical limbic arch of the subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampus gyrus is present. Growth of the corpus callosum is associated with reduction in size of the Hippocampal formation in the frontal lobe. The sulcus of the corpus callosum is the remnant of the anterior part of the Hippocampal sulcus. At 18 weeks, growth of the paraHippocampal gyrus begins to conceal the Hippocampal formation. The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum), hidden from view by the corpus callosum, and the paraterminal gyrus are remnants of the previously larger Hippocampal formation. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of fetal specimens in different developmental stages with dissection and MR provides insight into embryologic transformations responsible for the complex anatomy of the limbic lobe.

  • limbic lobe embryology and anatomy dissection and mr of the medial surface of the fetal cerebral hemisphere
    American Journal of Neuroradiology, 1995
    Co-Authors: E L Kier, Robert K. Fulbright, Richard A Bronen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To facilitate understanding of limbic lobe anatomy by showing embryologic transformations of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. METHODS: Brains from fetal specimens ranging from 13 to 24 weeks of gestational age were dissected. Photographs were made of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. MR images of different fetal specimens of similar age were made for comparison of MR anatomy with dissected material. RESULTS: At 13 weeks, the entire inner limbic arch of the Hippocampal formation is visible on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The Hippocampal sulcus extends from frontal lobe to temporal lobe. At 16 weeks, the outer neocortical limbic arch of the subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampus gyrus is present. Growth of the corpus callosum is associated with reduction in size of the Hippocampal formation in the frontal lobe. The sulcus of the corpus callosum is the remnant of the anterior part of the Hippocampal sulcus. At 18 weeks, growth of the paraHippocampal gyrus begins to conceal the Hippocampal formation. The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum), hidden from view by the corpus callosum, and the paraterminal gyrus are remnants of the previously larger Hippocampal formation. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of fetal specimens in different developmental stages with dissection and MR provides insight into embryologic transformations responsible for the complex anatomy of the limbic lobe.