The Experts below are selected from a list of 3963 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Elliott Joy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Figure 8 from: Kutschera U, Elliott J (2014) The European medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis L.: Morphology and occurrence of an endangered species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 90(2): 271-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.90.8715
2014Co-Authors: Kutschera U., Elliott JoyAbstract:Figure 8 - Geographical distribution of Hirudo medicinalis and Hirudo verbana, based on data published in 2012 (A). In the species Hirudo verbana, a western (w) and an eastern (e) phylogroup has been identified. Occurrence of medicinal leeches in the nest of aquatic birds (B). The photograph shows adult, living specimens of Hirudo medicinalis (with cocoon, see Inset) collected from a nest of a water bird (western marsh harrier, Circus aeruginosus) in Poland (adapted from Kovalenko and Utevsky 2012 [A] and Buczyńsky et al. 2014 [B], respectively)
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Figure 1 from: Kutschera U, Elliott J (2014) The European medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis L.: Morphology and occurrence of an endangered species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 90(2): 271-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.90.8715
2014Co-Authors: Kutschera U., Elliott JoyAbstract:Figure 1 - Photograph of living adult specimens of the European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis Linnaeus 1758) and the Mediterranean medicinal leech (Hirudo verbana Carena 1820). The leeches, maintained in pond water, are depicted in dorsal view, with their disk-shaped posterior sucker attached to a petri dish
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Figure 2 from: Kutschera U, Elliott J (2014) The European medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis L.: Morphology and occurrence of an endangered species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 90(2): 271-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.90.8715
2014Co-Authors: Kutschera U., Elliott JoyAbstract:Figure 2 - Dorsal and ventral views of a representative, alcohol-preserved specimen of Hirudo medicinalis collected in eastern Germany. The species-specific pigment patterns are visible
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Figure 3 from: Kutschera U, Elliott J (2014) The European medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis L.: Morphology and occurrence of an endangered species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 90(2): 271-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.90.8715
2014Co-Authors: Kutschera U., Elliott JoyAbstract:Figure 3 - Details of the midbody, in dorsal view (A), the head (B) and the anterior sucker (ventral view) (C) of an adult, alcohol-preserved Hirudo medicinalis. As = auterior sucker
Travis C Glenn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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microsatellite markers isolated from barn swallows Hirundo rustica
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2007Co-Authors: Olga V Tsyusko, Tracey D Tuberville, Timothy Alexander Mousseau, Maureen B Peters, Cris Hagen, Travis C GlennAbstract:Fifteen polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were isolated from barn swallow ( Hirundo rustica ) and optimized for future studies of radiation-induced mutations in populations from Ukraine. The loci were screened for variability among 25 individuals from two populations. The primers amplified loci with relatively high numbers of alleles ranging from five to 32 alleles per locus and polymorphic information content from 0.481 to 0.951. Observed heterozygosity varied from 0.458 to 0.960. None of the loci showed deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in either population.
Rebecca J Safran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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population genetics and morphological comparisons of migratory european Hirundo rustica rustica and sedentary east mediterranean Hirundo rustica transitiva barn swallows
Journal of Heredity, 2012Co-Authors: Rebecca J Safran, Yoni Vortman, Arnon Lotem, Andrew Mcgowan, Matthew R Evans, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Speciation processes are largely determined by the relative strength of divergent selection versus the magnitude of gene flow. The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) has a broad geographic distribution that encompasses substantial geographic variation in morphology and behavior. The European (H. r. rustica) and East-Mediterranean (H. r. transitiva) subspecies are closely related, despite differing in morphological and life-history traits. To explore patterns of genetic differentiation and gene flow, we compared morphological and genetic variation among the nonmigratory breeding population of H. r. transitiva from Israel and the migratory population of H. r. rustica that passes through Israel and compared it with the genetic differentiation between H. r. transitiva from Israel and a breeding population of H. r. rustica from the United Kingdom that uses a different migratory flyway. Mitochondrial haplotype network analysis suggests that the European and East-Mediterranean populations are intermixed, although there was low but significant genetic differentiation between the subspecies based on both mitochondrial (FST 5 0.025‐0.033) and microsatellite (FST 5 0.009‐0.014) loci. Coalescent-based analyses suggest recent divergence and substantial gene flow between these populations despite their differences in morphological and behavioral traits. The results suggest that these subspecies are undergoing a differentiation process in the face of gene flow, with selection possibly operating on sexually selected traits.
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Phylogeny of the genus Hirundo and the Barn Swallow subspecies complex.
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Roi Dor, Rebecca J Safran, Frederick H. Sheldon, David W. Winkler, Irby J LovetteAbstract:The cosmopolitan Barn Swallow complex (Hirundo rustica and related Hirundo species) provides a model system for studies of mate choice, sexual selection, and related topics in behavioral ecology, but the phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships within this group are not yet completely resolved. We reconstructed the phylogeny of all 14 species of Hirundo as well as all six Barn Swallow (H. rustica) subspecies using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods based on sequences of mitochondrial DNA from six protein-coding genes (5217 bp) and one nuclear intron (1039 bp) for most taxa. We found four well-supported clades within the genus, but low support values for one node decreased our ability to determine the relationships among them. H. rustica is recently derived and has a wide geographic distribution, and its six subspecies form a monophyletic group with respect to other Hirundo species. These subspecies divide into two well-supported clades, geographically corresponding to Asia-America and Europe-Middle East. The former comprises two groups, an East Asian subspecies that is sister to Southeast Asian, American, and Northwest Asian subspecies. In the other clade, European and East-Mediterranean subspecies are intermixed and both show some divergence from the Egyptian subspecies.
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plumage coloration not length or symmetry of tail streamers is a sexually selected trait in north american barn swallows
Behavioral Ecology, 2004Co-Authors: Rebecca J SafranAbstract:Sexual adornments often vary markedly across a species' range, which presumably is owing to differences in local environmental conditions and the associated selection pressures, such as natural versus sexual selection or the relative signaling value of different ornamental traits. However, there are only a few reported examples in which the information content of mating signals varies geographically, and even fewer in which a set of secondary sexual traits serves different signaling functions in different populations. Classic studies of sexual selection in the European barn swallow (Hirundo rustica rustica) demonstrate that elongate tail-streamers provide several reproductive advantages to males and females and are used as reliable signals of mate quality. Here, we show that tail-streamers do not appear to confer these same benefits in a population of barn swallows from North America (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster). Instead, ventral plumage coloration, which is more exaggerated in North American swallows compared with their European counterparts, predicts patterns of assortative mating and annual reproductive success in H. r. erythrogaster. These observations support the idea that ornamental traits can serve different functions among animal populations and suggest that geographic variation in different sexual signals may facilitate population divergence, which may ultimately lead to speciation. Copyright 2004.
Nicola Saino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Haemosporidian parasites depress breeding success and plumage coloration in female barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)
2019Co-Authors: Andrea Romano, Riccardo Nodari, Claudio Bandi, Manuela Caprioli, Alessandra Costanzo, Roberto Ambrosini, Diego Rubolini, Marco Parolini, Sara Epis, Nicola SainoAbstract:Haemosporidian parasites depress breeding success and plumage coloration in female barn swallows (Hirundo rustica
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smrt long read sequencing and direct label and stain optical maps allow the generation of a high quality genome assembly for the european barn swallow Hirundo rustica rustica
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Giulio Formenti, Luca Canova, Andrea Bonisolialquati, Luca Enrico Angelo Gianfranceschi, Kees-jan Francoijs, Matteo Chiara, Lucy Poveda, David S. Horner, Nicola SainoAbstract:Background: The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is a migratory bird that has been the focus of a large number of ecological, behavioural and genetic studies. To facilitate further population genetics and genomic studies, here we present a reference genome assembly for the European subspecies (Hirundo rustica rustica). Findings: As part of the Genome10K (G10K) effort on generating high quality vertebrate genomes, we have assembled a highly contiguous genome assembly using Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) DNA sequencing and several Bionano optical map technologies. We compared and integrated optical maps derived both from the Nick, Label, Repair and Stain and from the Direct Label and Stain technologies. As proposed by Bionano, the direct labelling system more than doubled the scaffold N50 with respect to the nickase system. The dual enzyme hybrid scaffold led to a further marginal increase in scaffold N50 and an overall increase of confidence in scaffolds. After removal of haplotigs, the final assembly is approximately 1.21 Gbp in size, with a scaffold N50 value of over 25.95 Mbp. Conclusions: This high-quality genome assembly represents a valuable resource for further studies of population genetics of the barn swallow and for studies concerning the evolution of avian genomes. It also represents one of the very first genomes assembled combining SMRT long-read sequencing with the new Bionano Direct Label and Stain technology for scaffolding, highlighting the potential of this methodology to contribute to substantial increases in the contiguity of genome assemblies.
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smrt long read sequencing and direct label and stain optical maps allow the generation of a high quality genome assembly for the european barn swallow Hirundo rustica rustica
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Giulio Formenti, Luca Canova, Andrea Bonisolialquati, Luca Enrico Angelo Gianfranceschi, Kees-jan Francoijs, Matteo Chiara, Lucy Poveda, David S. Horner, Nicola SainoAbstract:Background: The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is a migratory bird that has been the focus of a large number of ecological, behavioural and genetic studies. To facilitate further population genetics and genomic studies, here we present a high-quality genome for the European subspecies (Hirundo rustica rustica). Findings: We have assembled a highly contiguous genome sequence using Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) DNA sequencing and Bionano optical maps. We compared and integrated optical maps derived both from the Nick, Label, Repair and Stain and from Direct Label and Stain technologies. For our SMRT-only assembly, the direct labelling system more than doubled the assembly N50 with respect to the nickase system. The dual enzyme hybrid scaffold led to a further marginal increase in scaffold N50 and an overall increase of confidence in scaffolds. After removal of haplotigs, the final assembly is approximately 1.21 Gbp in size, with an N50 value of over 25.95 Mbp, representing an improvement in N50 of over 650 fold with respect to a previously reported assembly based on paired-end short read data. Conclusions: This high-quality genome assembly represents a valuable resource for further studies of population genetics of the barn swallow and for studies concerning the evolution of avian genomes. It also represents the first genome assembled combining SMRT sequencing with the new Bionano Direct Label and Stain technology for scaffolding, highlighting the potential of this methodology to contribute to substantial increases in the contiguity of genome assemblies.
Irby J Lovette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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population genetics and morphological comparisons of migratory european Hirundo rustica rustica and sedentary east mediterranean Hirundo rustica transitiva barn swallows
Journal of Heredity, 2012Co-Authors: Rebecca J Safran, Yoni Vortman, Arnon Lotem, Andrew Mcgowan, Matthew R Evans, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Speciation processes are largely determined by the relative strength of divergent selection versus the magnitude of gene flow. The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) has a broad geographic distribution that encompasses substantial geographic variation in morphology and behavior. The European (H. r. rustica) and East-Mediterranean (H. r. transitiva) subspecies are closely related, despite differing in morphological and life-history traits. To explore patterns of genetic differentiation and gene flow, we compared morphological and genetic variation among the nonmigratory breeding population of H. r. transitiva from Israel and the migratory population of H. r. rustica that passes through Israel and compared it with the genetic differentiation between H. r. transitiva from Israel and a breeding population of H. r. rustica from the United Kingdom that uses a different migratory flyway. Mitochondrial haplotype network analysis suggests that the European and East-Mediterranean populations are intermixed, although there was low but significant genetic differentiation between the subspecies based on both mitochondrial (FST 5 0.025‐0.033) and microsatellite (FST 5 0.009‐0.014) loci. Coalescent-based analyses suggest recent divergence and substantial gene flow between these populations despite their differences in morphological and behavioral traits. The results suggest that these subspecies are undergoing a differentiation process in the face of gene flow, with selection possibly operating on sexually selected traits.
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Phylogeny of the genus Hirundo and the Barn Swallow subspecies complex.
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Roi Dor, Rebecca J Safran, Frederick H. Sheldon, David W. Winkler, Irby J LovetteAbstract:The cosmopolitan Barn Swallow complex (Hirundo rustica and related Hirundo species) provides a model system for studies of mate choice, sexual selection, and related topics in behavioral ecology, but the phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships within this group are not yet completely resolved. We reconstructed the phylogeny of all 14 species of Hirundo as well as all six Barn Swallow (H. rustica) subspecies using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods based on sequences of mitochondrial DNA from six protein-coding genes (5217 bp) and one nuclear intron (1039 bp) for most taxa. We found four well-supported clades within the genus, but low support values for one node decreased our ability to determine the relationships among them. H. rustica is recently derived and has a wide geographic distribution, and its six subspecies form a monophyletic group with respect to other Hirundo species. These subspecies divide into two well-supported clades, geographically corresponding to Asia-America and Europe-Middle East. The former comprises two groups, an East Asian subspecies that is sister to Southeast Asian, American, and Northwest Asian subspecies. In the other clade, European and East-Mediterranean subspecies are intermixed and both show some divergence from the Egyptian subspecies.
