The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
L E Green - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a within farm clinical trial to compare two treatments parenteral antibacterials and Hoof Trimming for sheep lame with footrot
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: G J Wassink, Elisabeth M King, Rosemary Grogonothomas, J C Brown, L J Moore, L E GreenAbstract:From observational studies, farmers who use parenteral antibacterials to promptly treat all sheep with footrot (FR) or interdigital dermatitis (ID) have a prevalence of lameness of <2% compared with a prevalence of 9% lameness reported by farmers who treat lame sheep by Trimming affected feet. We tested the hypothesis that prompt treatment of sheep lame with naturally developing FR or ID with parenteral and topical antibacterials reduces the prevalence and incidence of lameness with these conditions compared with less frequent treatment with Trimming of Hoof horn and applying topical antibacterials. A further hypothesis was that reduction of ID and FR would improve productivity. A lowland sheep flock with 700 ewes was used to test these hypotheses in an 18-month within farm clinical trial with four groups of ewes: two intervention and two control. The duration and severity of lameness was used to categorise sheep into three weighted scores of lameness (WLS): never lame (WLS0), mildly lame/lame for <6 days (WLS1) and severely or chronically lame (WLS2). The intervention reduced the prevalence of lameness due to FR and ID in ewes and lambs and the incidence of lameness in ewes. The WLS was also significantly lower in sheep in the intervention groups. Ewes with a higher WLS were subsequently significantly more likely to have a body condition score <2.5 and to have lame lambs. Significantly more ewes lambed and successfully reared more lambs that were ready for slaughter at a younger age in the intervention versus control groups. There was an increase in the gross margin of £630/100 ewes mated in the intervention group, including the cost of treatment of £150/100 ewes mated. We conclude that prompt parenteral and topical antibacterial treatment of sheep lame with ID and FR reduced the prevalence and incidence of these infectious conditions and led to improved health, welfare and productivity.
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A within farm clinical trial to compare two treatments (parenteral antibacterials and Hoof Trimming) for sheep lame with footrot.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: G J Wassink, Elisabeth M King, J C Brown, L J Moore, Rosemary Grogono-thomas, L E GreenAbstract:From observational studies, farmers who use parenteral antibacterials to promptly treat all sheep with footrot (FR) or interdigital dermatitis (ID) have a prevalence of lameness of
Gerard Cramer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of agreement among digital dermatitis scoring methods in the milking parlor pen and Hoof Trimming chute
Journal of Dairy Science, 2017Co-Authors: Gerard Cramer, T Winders, L Solano, D H KleinschmitAbstract:ABSTRACT Digital dermatitis (DD) is the most common infectious foot lesion affecting welfare and productivity of dairy cattle. The key to DD control programs is routine and frequent identification of DD lesions. The objective was to evaluate accuracy of detecting and scoring DD lesions in 3 milking parlor designs and in 3 alternative settings compared with scoring in the Hoof Trimming chute as reference. A total of 552 cows and 1,104 hind feet from 17 freestall farms were scored by 1 observer in the milking parlor and in 1 other setting: pen, headlocks, or management rail. After being scored in the milking parlor and at least 1 other setting, cows were examined in the Hoof Trimming chute, considered the gold standard. In every setting, all hind feet were inspected visually using a flashlight and without prior washing of feet. Agreement of the scoring settings was assessed using the 5 M-stage scoring system and a dichotomous absence (M0 or M0/M1) or presence (M1 to M4.1 or M2 to M4.1) system. At Trimming chute inspection, 44% of feet had a DD lesion, with estimates of 11, 5, 2, 10, and 16% for M1, M2, M3, M4, and M4.1 lesions, respectively. Apparent DD foot-level prevalence at the milking parlor, pen, management rail, and headlocks was 28, 22, 16, and 22%, respectively. M-stages were less discernible in the pen, management rail, and headlocks (apparent prevalence of M1, M2, M3, and M4.1 was ≤1%) compared with the Trimming chute and milking parlor. Agreement beyond chance between any scoring setting and Trimming chute scoring ranged from 0.48 to 0.70 for the dichotomous scoring system (absence = M0/M1 vs. presence=M2 to M4.1). Diagnostic test performance varied greatly among DD scoring settings but, in general, it had low sensitivity ( 93%) for detecting any DD lesion. Agreement and test characteristics were not affected by the type of milking parlor. Although the milking parlor and headlocks were the most reliable settings in which to detect DD, none of the settings were reliable enough to replace inspection of feet in the Trimming chute. However, scoring the presence or absence of DD in the milking parlor, pen, management rail, and headlocks could be used to estimate within-herd DD prevalence, to improve DD surveillance through routine monitoring, and to evaluate effects of interventions at the farm level.
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a review of the relationship between Hoof Trimming and dairy cattle welfare
Veterinary Clinics of North America-food Animal Practice, 2017Co-Authors: Grant C Stoddard, Gerard CramerAbstract:: A narrative integrative review on the evidence for Hoof Trimming found 16 articles on efficacy, frequency, and associations with behavior and physiologic parameters. Review of these studies revealed (1) Hoof Trimming is associated with behavior and physiologic changes; (2) increasing the frequency of Hoof Trimming seems to decrease the incidence of Hoof lesions; (3) there is limited research to support any particular technique; and (4) descriptions of the Hoof Trimming techniques used is inadequate in most articles. To increase scientific support for Hoof Trimming practices, current knowledge gaps in technique, timing, and frequency of Hoof Trimming need to be addressed.
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The association between foot lesions and culling risk in Ontario Holstein cows.
Journal of Dairy Science, 2009Co-Authors: Gerard Cramer, Kerry D. Lissemore, C.l. Guard, Ken E. Leslie, David F. KeltonAbstract:Abstract The objective was to determine the association between specific foot lesions and culling in dairy cows. Using 5 trained professional Hoof trimmers, data from 6,513 cows in 157 herds were recorded for analysis. During the study period, 1,293 cows (19.9%) were culled. Infectious lesions were most frequent in nonculled cows, whereas Hoof horn lesions were most common in the culled cows. Median time to culling was 188 d [95% confidence interval (CI): 175–198 d] for cows without a lesion and 157 d (CI: 149–168 d) for cows with a lesion. Time from Hoof Trimming to culling was used to model the association between foot lesions and culling hazard. The final multivariate Cox proportional hazards model included heifers, infectious lesions, white line lesions, hemorrhages, sole ulcers, other lesions, and free-stall housing as covariates. Results of the final model showed that infectious Hoof lesions had no significant association with culling. Yet, the hazard ratios for white line lesions, ulcers, and hemorrhage were 1.72 (CI: 1.39−2.11), 1.26 (CI: 1.05−1.52), and 1.36 (CI: 1.16−1.59), respectively. The association with culling for the grouped variable "other lesions" was time dependent and decreased with time. These results illustrate that there were significant associations with cow productivity for Hoof horn lesions found at routine Hoof Trimming and that emphasis should be placed on proper treatment and earlier detection of these foot lesions.
G J Wassink - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a within farm clinical trial to compare two treatments parenteral antibacterials and Hoof Trimming for sheep lame with footrot
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: G J Wassink, Elisabeth M King, Rosemary Grogonothomas, J C Brown, L J Moore, L E GreenAbstract:From observational studies, farmers who use parenteral antibacterials to promptly treat all sheep with footrot (FR) or interdigital dermatitis (ID) have a prevalence of lameness of <2% compared with a prevalence of 9% lameness reported by farmers who treat lame sheep by Trimming affected feet. We tested the hypothesis that prompt treatment of sheep lame with naturally developing FR or ID with parenteral and topical antibacterials reduces the prevalence and incidence of lameness with these conditions compared with less frequent treatment with Trimming of Hoof horn and applying topical antibacterials. A further hypothesis was that reduction of ID and FR would improve productivity. A lowland sheep flock with 700 ewes was used to test these hypotheses in an 18-month within farm clinical trial with four groups of ewes: two intervention and two control. The duration and severity of lameness was used to categorise sheep into three weighted scores of lameness (WLS): never lame (WLS0), mildly lame/lame for <6 days (WLS1) and severely or chronically lame (WLS2). The intervention reduced the prevalence of lameness due to FR and ID in ewes and lambs and the incidence of lameness in ewes. The WLS was also significantly lower in sheep in the intervention groups. Ewes with a higher WLS were subsequently significantly more likely to have a body condition score <2.5 and to have lame lambs. Significantly more ewes lambed and successfully reared more lambs that were ready for slaughter at a younger age in the intervention versus control groups. There was an increase in the gross margin of £630/100 ewes mated in the intervention group, including the cost of treatment of £150/100 ewes mated. We conclude that prompt parenteral and topical antibacterial treatment of sheep lame with ID and FR reduced the prevalence and incidence of these infectious conditions and led to improved health, welfare and productivity.
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A within farm clinical trial to compare two treatments (parenteral antibacterials and Hoof Trimming) for sheep lame with footrot.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: G J Wassink, Elisabeth M King, J C Brown, L J Moore, Rosemary Grogono-thomas, L E GreenAbstract:From observational studies, farmers who use parenteral antibacterials to promptly treat all sheep with footrot (FR) or interdigital dermatitis (ID) have a prevalence of lameness of
K Bach - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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short communication scoring of digital dermatitis during milking as an alternative to scoring in a Hoof Trimming chute
Journal of Dairy Science, 2008Co-Authors: Peter T Thomsen, I C Klaas, K BachAbstract:Abstract Digital dermatitis is a serious problem in dairy production in many countries. In many settings, it is important to evaluate the digital dermatitis status of individual cows or an entire dairy herd. Such an evaluation has traditionally been done in a Hoof Trimming chute. An evaluation in the milking parlor can take place without disturbing the cows to a large extent, it can be done using less labor compared with an evaluation in a Hoof Trimming chute, and is cheaper than using a chute. The objective was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a rapid screening method for digital dermatitis in the milking parlor, without using any specialized tools and taking approximately 15 s/cow. All lactating cows in 3 commercial Danish dairy herds were included. Cows were first scored for the presence of digital dermatitis during milking and the next day all cows were scored during Hoof Trimming. A 6-point nominal scoring system based on a visual inspection of the digital dermatitis lesions was used. For the analysis, the scores were dichotomized (digital dermatitis positive or digital dermatitis negative). Additionally, lesions were classified as small (diameter≤2cm) or large (diameter >2cm). Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using observations from the Hoof Trimming chute as the "gold standard" and observations during milking as the diagnostic test. Relatively large variation was found between herds with an overall sensitivity of 0.65 (95% confidence interval: 0.59 to 0.72) and a specificity of 0.84 (0.81 to 0.87). The sensitivity increased to 0.69 (0.62 to 0.76), when only large lesions were assessed. The method has several advantages compared with evaluation in a chute and may be a useful tool in the daily Hoof health management in dairy herds.
L J Moore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a within farm clinical trial to compare two treatments parenteral antibacterials and Hoof Trimming for sheep lame with footrot
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: G J Wassink, Elisabeth M King, Rosemary Grogonothomas, J C Brown, L J Moore, L E GreenAbstract:From observational studies, farmers who use parenteral antibacterials to promptly treat all sheep with footrot (FR) or interdigital dermatitis (ID) have a prevalence of lameness of <2% compared with a prevalence of 9% lameness reported by farmers who treat lame sheep by Trimming affected feet. We tested the hypothesis that prompt treatment of sheep lame with naturally developing FR or ID with parenteral and topical antibacterials reduces the prevalence and incidence of lameness with these conditions compared with less frequent treatment with Trimming of Hoof horn and applying topical antibacterials. A further hypothesis was that reduction of ID and FR would improve productivity. A lowland sheep flock with 700 ewes was used to test these hypotheses in an 18-month within farm clinical trial with four groups of ewes: two intervention and two control. The duration and severity of lameness was used to categorise sheep into three weighted scores of lameness (WLS): never lame (WLS0), mildly lame/lame for <6 days (WLS1) and severely or chronically lame (WLS2). The intervention reduced the prevalence of lameness due to FR and ID in ewes and lambs and the incidence of lameness in ewes. The WLS was also significantly lower in sheep in the intervention groups. Ewes with a higher WLS were subsequently significantly more likely to have a body condition score <2.5 and to have lame lambs. Significantly more ewes lambed and successfully reared more lambs that were ready for slaughter at a younger age in the intervention versus control groups. There was an increase in the gross margin of £630/100 ewes mated in the intervention group, including the cost of treatment of £150/100 ewes mated. We conclude that prompt parenteral and topical antibacterial treatment of sheep lame with ID and FR reduced the prevalence and incidence of these infectious conditions and led to improved health, welfare and productivity.
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A within farm clinical trial to compare two treatments (parenteral antibacterials and Hoof Trimming) for sheep lame with footrot.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: G J Wassink, Elisabeth M King, J C Brown, L J Moore, Rosemary Grogono-thomas, L E GreenAbstract:From observational studies, farmers who use parenteral antibacterials to promptly treat all sheep with footrot (FR) or interdigital dermatitis (ID) have a prevalence of lameness of