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E T Lyons - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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epidemiology of hookworm uncinaria spp infection in new zealand hooker s sea lion phocarctos hookeri pups on enderby island auckland islands new zealand during the breeding seasons from 1999 2000 to 2004 2005
Parasitology Research, 2007Co-Authors: A Castinel, E T Lyons, Padraig J Duignan, W E Pomroy, N J Gibbs, N Lopezvillalobos, B L Chilvers, I S WilkinsonAbstract:This is the first investigation of the epidemiology of hookworm (Uncinaria spp.) infection in New Zealand sea lions (NZSLs; Phocarctos hookeri) on Enderby Island, Auckland Islands. The examination of faeces for hookworm eggs in various age categories of sea lions revealed that only pups up to at least 3 months of age harboured adult Hookworms in their intestines. Gross necropsy of more than 400 pups from 1999/2000 to 2004/2005 showed that the prevalence of hookworm infection varied significantly between years and was higher from mid-January to the end of February when the majority of pups were between 3 and 9 weeks old. The average burden of adult parasites per pup was not influenced by the host’s sex and body condition or by year. This study also provided evidence for transmission occurring by the transmammary route in NZSLs.
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seasonal prevalence and intensity of Hookworms uncinaria spp in california sea lion zalophus californianus pups born in 2002 on san miguel island california
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Terry R Spraker, Sharon R. Melin, Jeffrey L Laake, S C TolliverAbstract:Intestines of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups (n= 204), born in 2002 on San Miguel Island, California, were examined for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) as part of a seasonal mortality study from June through December 2002 and January 2003. The investigation was planned to coincide with most of the previously established hookworm infection period of the pups. Prevalence of Hookworms in dead pups was 100% for each month of the study. The geometric mean intensity of infections per month was: 94.03 (n=30) for June, 629.09 (n=50) for July, 319.90 (n=31) for August, 159.90 (n=30) for October, 109.03 (n=30) for November, 37.84 (n=24) for December 2002 and 11.05 (n=9) for January 2003. In addition to the temporal pattern, the infection intensity was higher for pups in good condition and for male pups. An inter-year comparison of hookworm counts from dead pups collected in July of 1996, 2000, and 2002 also demonstrated higher intensity in pups in better condition but sex-differences in intensity were inconsistent across years. The inter-year comparison also demonstrated higher intensities in dead pups collected from portions of the rookery with sandy substrate versus rocky substrate. No annual differences in intensity were found after adjusting for substrate and condition.
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historic importance of some aspects of research by o wilford olsen on Hookworms uncinaria lucasi in northern fur seals callorhinus ursinus and steller sea lions eumatopias jubatus in 1951 on st paul island alaska
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: E T LyonsAbstract:The purpose of this paper is to disseminate, more widely, certain historically important aspects of research by O. Wilford Olsen on Hookworms (Uncinaria lucasi) in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and Steller sea lions (Eumatopias jubatus) in 1951 on St. Paul Island, Alaska. Highly meaningful facets of the research were recorded only in a report with limited availability by Olsen in 1952. Portions of his research presented here include measurements of hookworm free-living infective third-stage larvae (L3) and adults, photographs of bursae, and the conclusion that the species of Hookworms (U. lucasi) is probably the same in both pinniped hosts. This information is especially important because very little has been published on taxonomy of Hookworms in E. jubatus.
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historic importance of some aspects of research by o wilford olsen on Hookworms uncinaria lucasi in northern fur seals callorhinus ursinus and steller sea lions eumatopias jubatus in 1951 on st paul island alaska
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: E T LyonsAbstract:The purpose of this paper is to disseminate, more widely, certain historically important aspects of research by O. Wilford Olsen on Hookworms (Uncinaria lucasi) in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and Steller sea lions (Eumatopias jubatus) in 1951 on St. Paul Island, Alaska. Highly meaningful facets of the research were recorded only in a report with limited availability by Olsen in 1952. Portions of his research presented here include measurements of hookworm free-living infective third-stage larvae (L3) and adults, photographs of bursae, and the conclusion that the species of Hookworms (U. lucasi) is probably the same in both pinniped hosts. This information is especially important because very little has been published on taxonomy of Hookworms in E. jubatus.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Sharon R. Melin, Frances M. D. Gulland, Anthony J Orr, E T Lyons, S C TolliverAbstract:A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 (mean = 760) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 (mean = 612) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.
Robert L Delong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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parasitological examination of northern elephant seal mirounga angustirostris pups for presence of Hookworms uncinaria spp on san miguel island california
Helminthologia, 2016Co-Authors: Tatiana A Kuzmina, Terry R Spraker, Robert L DelongAbstract:Necropsy and extensive parasitological examination of dead northern elephant seal (NES) pups was done on San Miguel Island, California, in February, 2015. The main interest in the current study was to determine if Hookworms were present in NESs on San Miguel Island where two hookworm species of the genus Uncinaria are known to be present - Uncinaria lyonsi in California sea lions and Uncinaria lucasi in northern fur seals. Hookworms were not detected in any of the NESs examined: stomachs or intestines of 16 pups, blubber of 13 pups and blubber of one bull. The results obtained in the present study of NESs on San Miguel Island plus similar finding on Ano Nuevo State Reserve and The Marine Mammal Center provide strong indication that NES are not appropriate hosts for Uncinaria spp. Hookworm free-living third stage larvae, developed from eggs of California sea lions and northern fur seals, were recovered from sand. It seems that at this time, further search for Hookworms in NESs would be nonproductive.
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investigations of peritoneal and intestinal infections of adult Hookworms uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california 2003
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Robert L Delong, Steven A Nadler, Jeffrey L Laake, B L Delong, Cecile PaganAbstract:The peritoneal cavity (PNC) and intestine of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) pups and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups that died in late July and early August, 2003, on San Miguel Island, California, were examined for Hookworms. Prevalence and morphometric studies were done with the Hookworms in addition to molecular characterization. Based on this and previous molecular studies, Hookworms from fur seals are designated as Uncinaria lucasi and the species from sea lions as Uncinaria species A. Adult Hookworms were found in the PNC of 35 of 57 (61.4%) fur seal pups and of 13 of 104 (12.5%) sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms located in the PNC ranged from 1 to 33 (median = 3) for the infected fur seal pups and 1 to 16 (median = 2) for the infected sea lion pups. In addition to the PNC, intestines of 43 fur seal and 32 sea lion pups were examined. All of these pups were positive for adult Hookworms. The worms were counted from all but one of the sea lion pups. Numbers of these parasites in the intestine varied from 3 to 2,344 (median = 931) for the fur seal pups and 39 to 2,766 (median = 643) for the sea lion pups. Sea lion pups with peritoneal infections had higher intensity infections in the intestines than did pups without peritoneal infections, lending some support for the hypothesis that peritoneal infections result from high-intensity infections of adult worms. There was no difference in intestinal infection intensities between fur seal pups with and without peritoneal infections. Female adult Hookworms in the intestines of both host species were significantly larger than males, and sea lion Hookworms were larger than those in fur seals. Worms in the intestine also were larger than worms found in the PNC. Gene sequencing and (RFLP) analysis of (PCR) amplified (ITS) ribosomal DNA were used to diagnose the species of 172 Hookworms recovered from the PNC and intestine of 18 C. ursinus and seven Z. californianus hosts. These molecular data revealed that U. lucasi (hookworm of C. ursinus) and Uncinaria species A (of Z. californianus) infrequently mature in the intestine of the opposite host species in California rookeries. However, there is no support from molecular data for the hypothesis that cross-infection with “the wrong” Uncinaria species is a contributing factor in these cases of host peritonitis. The major significance of this research is the unusual finding of adult Hookworms in the PNC of so many dead pups. No obvious explanation for this occurrence could be determined. Further research, like in the present study, should help understand and monitor the apparent ever changing role of hookworm disease in the health of northern fur seal and California sea lion pups on SMI.
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seasonal prevalence and intensity of Hookworms uncinaria spp in california sea lion zalophus californianus pups born in 2002 on san miguel island california
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Terry R Spraker, Sharon R. Melin, Jeffrey L Laake, S C TolliverAbstract:Intestines of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups (n= 204), born in 2002 on San Miguel Island, California, were examined for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) as part of a seasonal mortality study from June through December 2002 and January 2003. The investigation was planned to coincide with most of the previously established hookworm infection period of the pups. Prevalence of Hookworms in dead pups was 100% for each month of the study. The geometric mean intensity of infections per month was: 94.03 (n=30) for June, 629.09 (n=50) for July, 319.90 (n=31) for August, 159.90 (n=30) for October, 109.03 (n=30) for November, 37.84 (n=24) for December 2002 and 11.05 (n=9) for January 2003. In addition to the temporal pattern, the infection intensity was higher for pups in good condition and for male pups. An inter-year comparison of hookworm counts from dead pups collected in July of 1996, 2000, and 2002 also demonstrated higher intensity in pups in better condition but sex-differences in intensity were inconsistent across years. The inter-year comparison also demonstrated higher intensities in dead pups collected from portions of the rookery with sandy substrate versus rocky substrate. No annual differences in intensity were found after adjusting for substrate and condition.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: Sharon R. Melin, Robert L Delong, Frances M. D. GullandAbstract:Abstract A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 ( x =760 ) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 ( x =612 ) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Sharon R. Melin, Frances M. D. Gulland, Anthony J Orr, E T Lyons, S C TolliverAbstract:A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 (mean = 760) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 (mean = 612) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.
S C Tolliver - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal prevalence and intensity of Hookworms uncinaria spp in california sea lion zalophus californianus pups born in 2002 on san miguel island california
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Terry R Spraker, Sharon R. Melin, Jeffrey L Laake, S C TolliverAbstract:Intestines of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups (n= 204), born in 2002 on San Miguel Island, California, were examined for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) as part of a seasonal mortality study from June through December 2002 and January 2003. The investigation was planned to coincide with most of the previously established hookworm infection period of the pups. Prevalence of Hookworms in dead pups was 100% for each month of the study. The geometric mean intensity of infections per month was: 94.03 (n=30) for June, 629.09 (n=50) for July, 319.90 (n=31) for August, 159.90 (n=30) for October, 109.03 (n=30) for November, 37.84 (n=24) for December 2002 and 11.05 (n=9) for January 2003. In addition to the temporal pattern, the infection intensity was higher for pups in good condition and for male pups. An inter-year comparison of hookworm counts from dead pups collected in July of 1996, 2000, and 2002 also demonstrated higher intensity in pups in better condition but sex-differences in intensity were inconsistent across years. The inter-year comparison also demonstrated higher intensities in dead pups collected from portions of the rookery with sandy substrate versus rocky substrate. No annual differences in intensity were found after adjusting for substrate and condition.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Sharon R. Melin, Frances M. D. Gulland, Anthony J Orr, E T Lyons, S C TolliverAbstract:A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 (mean = 760) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 (mean = 612) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.
Sharon R. Melin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal prevalence and intensity of Hookworms uncinaria spp in california sea lion zalophus californianus pups born in 2002 on san miguel island california
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Terry R Spraker, Sharon R. Melin, Jeffrey L Laake, S C TolliverAbstract:Intestines of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups (n= 204), born in 2002 on San Miguel Island, California, were examined for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) as part of a seasonal mortality study from June through December 2002 and January 2003. The investigation was planned to coincide with most of the previously established hookworm infection period of the pups. Prevalence of Hookworms in dead pups was 100% for each month of the study. The geometric mean intensity of infections per month was: 94.03 (n=30) for June, 629.09 (n=50) for July, 319.90 (n=31) for August, 159.90 (n=30) for October, 109.03 (n=30) for November, 37.84 (n=24) for December 2002 and 11.05 (n=9) for January 2003. In addition to the temporal pattern, the infection intensity was higher for pups in good condition and for male pups. An inter-year comparison of hookworm counts from dead pups collected in July of 1996, 2000, and 2002 also demonstrated higher intensity in pups in better condition but sex-differences in intensity were inconsistent across years. The inter-year comparison also demonstrated higher intensities in dead pups collected from portions of the rookery with sandy substrate versus rocky substrate. No annual differences in intensity were found after adjusting for substrate and condition.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: Sharon R. Melin, Robert L Delong, Frances M. D. GullandAbstract:Abstract A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 ( x =760 ) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 ( x =612 ) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Sharon R. Melin, Frances M. D. Gulland, Anthony J Orr, E T Lyons, S C TolliverAbstract:A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 (mean = 760) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 (mean = 612) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.
Frances M. D. Gulland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: Sharon R. Melin, Robert L Delong, Frances M. D. GullandAbstract:Abstract A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 ( x =760 ) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 ( x =612 ) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.
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current prevalence of adult uncinaria spp in northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus and california sea lion zalophus californianus pups on san miguel island california with notes on the biology of these Hookworms
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: E T Lyons, Robert L Delong, Sharon R. Melin, Frances M. D. Gulland, Anthony J Orr, E T Lyons, S C TolliverAbstract:A prevalence survey for Hookworms (Uncinaria spp.) was done in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on San Miguel Island, CA, in 2000. Intestines of dead pups were examined for adult Hookworms in July. These parasites were found in 95% of 20 fur seal pups and 100% of 31 sea lion pups. The number of Hookworms varied from 4 to 2142 (mean = 760) in fur seal pups and from 20 to 2634 (mean = 612) in sea lion pups. A direct relationship was evident between body condition and number of Hookworms in the pups; that is, pups in poor condition had fewer Hookworms than those in good condition. There was a decline in the number of Hookworms in sea lion pups in 2000 compared to collections in 1996. Eggs of Uncinaria spp. were found in rectal feces (collected in late September and early October) of none of 35 (0%) live fur seal pups and 41 of 48 (85%) live sea lion pups. Packed cell volume values, determined for most of the same live pups, were essentially normal for C. ursinus but were much lower than normal for most Z. californianus. Hookworm larvae were not found in blubber of fur seal and sea lion pups or in rookery sand in July. Rookery sand, positive for live hookworm larvae when put in a refrigerator, was negative at removal 2.5 years later. The average number of eggs in utero of female Hookworms was 285 for three specimens from a fur seal pup and 281 from three specimens from a sea lion pup. One hookworm larva was recovered from milk stripped from the teats of a stranded Z. californianus female at The Marine Mammal Center, Sausalito, CA.