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S. L. Painter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluating integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in ATS (v0.88) against observations from a polygonal tundra site
Geoscientific Model Development, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmad Jan, E. T. Coon, S. L. PainterAbstract:Abstract. Numerical simulations are essential tools for understanding the complex hydrologic response of Arctic regions to a warming climate. However, strong coupling among thermal and hydrological processes on the surface and in the subsurface and the significant role that subtle variations in surface topography have in regulating flow direction and surface storage lead to significant uncertainties. Careful model evaluation against field observations is thus important to build confidence. We evaluate the integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) against field observations from polygonal tundra at the Barrow Environmental Observatory. ATS couples a multiphase, 3D representation of subsurface thermal Hydrology with representations of overland nonisothermal flows, snow processes, and surface energy balance. We simulated thermal Hydrology of a 3D ice-wedge polygon with geometry that is abstracted but broadly consistent with the surface microtopography at our study site. The simulations were forced by meteorological data and observed water table elevations in ice-wedge polygon troughs. With limited calibration of parameters appearing in the soil evaporation model, the 3-year simulations agreed reasonably well with snow depth, summer water table elevations in the polygon center, and high-frequency soil temperature measurements at several depths in the trough, rim, and center of the polygon. Upscaled evaporation is in good agreement with flux tower observations. The simulations were found to be sensitive to parameters in the bare soil evaporation model, snowpack, and the lateral saturated hydraulic conductivity. Timing of fall freeze-up was found to be sensitive to initial snow density, illustrating the importance of including snow aging effects. The study provides new support for an emerging class of integrated surface/subsurface permafrost simulators.
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evaluating integrated surface subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in ats v0 88 against observations from a polygonal tundra site
Geoscientific Model Development, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmad Jan, E. T. Coon, S. L. PainterAbstract:Abstract. Numerical simulations are essential tools for understanding the complex hydrologic response of Arctic regions to a warming climate. However, strong coupling among thermal and hydrological processes on the surface and in the subsurface and the significant role that subtle variations in surface topography have in regulating flow direction and surface storage lead to significant uncertainties. Careful model evaluation against field observations is thus important to build confidence. We evaluate the integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) against field observations from polygonal tundra at the Barrow Environmental Observatory. ATS couples a multiphase, 3D representation of subsurface thermal Hydrology with representations of overland nonisothermal flows, snow processes, and surface energy balance. We simulated thermal Hydrology of a 3D ice-wedge polygon with geometry that is abstracted but broadly consistent with the surface microtopography at our study site. The simulations were forced by meteorological data and observed water table elevations in ice-wedge polygon troughs. With limited calibration of parameters appearing in the soil evaporation model, the 3-year simulations agreed reasonably well with snow depth, summer water table elevations in the polygon center, and high-frequency soil temperature measurements at several depths in the trough, rim, and center of the polygon. Upscaled evaporation is in good agreement with flux tower observations. The simulations were found to be sensitive to parameters in the bare soil evaporation model, snowpack, and the lateral saturated hydraulic conductivity. Timing of fall freeze-up was found to be sensitive to initial snow density, illustrating the importance of including snow aging effects. The study provides new support for an emerging class of integrated surface/subsurface permafrost simulators.
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Evaluating integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in ATS (v0.88) against observations from a polygonal tundra site
2019Co-Authors: Ahmad Jan, E. T. Coon, S. L. PainterAbstract:Abstract. Numerical simulations are essential tools for understanding the complex hydrologic response of Arctic regions to a warming climate. However, strong coupling among thermal and hydrological processes on the surface and in the subsurface and the significant role that subtle variations in surface topography have in regulating flow direction and surface storage lead to significant uncertainties. Careful model evaluation against field observations is thus important to build confidence. We evaluate the integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) against field observations from polygonal tundra at the Barrow Environmental Observatory. ATS couples a multiphase, three-dimensional representation of subsurface thermal Hydrology with representations of overland nonisothermal flows, snow processes, and surface energy balance. We simulated thermal Hydrology of three-dimensional ice-wedge polygons with generic but broadly representative surface microtopography. The simulations were forced by meteorological data and observed water table elevations in ice-wedge polygon troughs. With limited calibration of parameters appearing in the soil evaporation model, the three-year simulations agreed reasonably well with snow depth, summer water table elevations in the polygon center, and high-frequency soil temperature measurements at several depths in the trough, rim, and center of the polygon. Upscaled evaporation is in good agreement with flux tower observations. The simulations were found to be sensitive to parameters in the bare soil evaporation model, snowpack, and the lateral saturated hydraulic conductivity. The study provides new support for an emerging class of integrated surface/subsurface permafrost simulators, and provides an optimized set of model parameters for use in watershed-scale projections of permafrost dynamics in a warming climate.
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Integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology: Model formulation and proof‐of‐concept simulations
Water Resources Research, 2016Co-Authors: S. L. Painter, A. L. Atchley, E. T. Coon, Markus Berndt, Rao V. Garimella, J. David Moulton, Daniil Svyatskiy, C. J. WilsonAbstract:The need to understand potential climate impacts and feedbacks in Arctic regions has prompted recent interest in modeling of permafrost dynamics in a warming climate. A new fine-scale integrated surface/subsurface thermal Hydrology modeling capability is described and demonstrated in proof-of-concept simulations. The new modeling capability combines a surface energy balance model with recently developed three-dimensional subsurface thermal Hydrology Models and new Models for nonisothermal surface water flows and snow distribution in the microtopography. Surface water flows are modeled using the diffusion wave equation extended to include energy transport and phase change of ponded water. Variation of snow depth in the microtopography, physically the result of wind scour, is also modeled heuristically with a diffusion wave equation. The multiple surface and subsurface processes are implemented by leveraging highly parallel community software. Fully integrated thermal Hydrology simulations on the tilted open book catchment, an important test case for integrated surface/subsurface flow modeling, are presented. Fine-scale 100-year projections of the integrated permafrost thermal hydrological system on an ice wedge polygon at Barrow Alaska in a warming climate are also presented. Finally, these simulations demonstrate the feasibility of microtopography-resolving, process-rich simulations as a tool to help understand possible future evolution of the carbon-rich Arcticmore » tundra in a warming climate.« less
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influences and interactions of inundation peat and snow on active layer thickness
Geophysical Research Letters, 2016Co-Authors: A. L. Atchley, S. L. Painter, D. R. Harp, E. T. Coon, C. J. WilsonAbstract:The effect of three environmental conditions: 1) thickness of organic soil, 2) snow depth, and 3) soil moisture content or water table height above and below the soil surface, on active layer thickness (ALT) are investigated using an ensemble of 1D thermal Hydrology Models. Sensitivity analyses of the ensemble exposed the isolated influence of each environmental condition on ALT and their multivariate interactions. The primary and interactive influences are illustrated in the form of color maps of ALT change. Results show that organic layer acts as a strong insulator, and its thickness is the dominant control of ALT, but the strength of the effect of organic layer thickness is dependent on the saturation state. Snow depth, subsurface saturation, and ponded water depth are strongly codependent and positively correlated to ALT.
James A. Tress - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vegetation‐Hydrology Models: Implications for Management of Prosopis Velutina (Velvet Mesquite) Riparian Ecosystems
Ecological Applications, 1993Co-Authors: Juliet C. Stromberg, Scott D. Wilkins, James A. TressAbstract:: Prosopis velutina (velvet mesquite) forests are one of many types of aridland riparian ecosystems that are threatened by groundwater pumping and other types of water development. Empirical Models developed using both hydrological and vegetational data sets have potential uses in the management of these threatened ecosystems. To this end, we developed Models for Prosopis velutina stands across a xeric-to-mesic moisture gradient. The Models expressed canopy height, basal area, leaf area index, vegetation volume, and leaflet area as functions of plant water potential, and they expressed plant water potential and riparian stand structure as functions of water table depth. These data indicated that stand structure was strongly related to water availability. Management applications of the Models include the ability (1) to identify minimum water-table depths for riparian stand maintenance and (2) to detect stressful hydrological conditions, via water potential measurements, before the onset of structural degradation.
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vegetation Hydrology Models implications for management of prosopis velutina velvet mesquite riparian ecosystems
Ecological Applications, 1993Co-Authors: Juliet C. Stromberg, Scott D. Wilkins, James A. TressAbstract:Prosopis velutina (velvet mesquite) forests are one of many types of aridland riparian ecosystems that are threatened by groundwater pumping and other types of water development. Empirical Models developed using both hydrological and vegetational data sets have potential uses in the management of these threatened ecosystems. To this end, we developed Models for Prosopis velutina stands across a xeric-to-mesic moisture gradient. The Models expressed canopy height, basal area, leaf area index, vegetation volume, and leaflet area as functions of plant water potential, and they expressed plant water potential and riparian stand structure as functions of water table depth. These data indicated that stand structure was strongly related to water availability. Management applications of the Models include the ability (1) to identify minimum water-table depths for riparian stand maintenance and (2) to detect stressful hydrological conditions, via water potential mea- surements, before the onset of structural degradation.
J Hinderer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study of the monsoonal Hydrology contribution using a 8-year record (2010–2018) from superconducting gravimeter OSG-060 at Djougou (Benin, West Africa)
Geophysical Journal International, 2020Co-Authors: J Hinderer, B. Hector, U. Riccardi, Séverine Rosat, J-p Boy, M. Calvo, F. Littel, J-d BernardAbstract:We analyze a nearly 8-year record (2010-2018) of the superconducting gravimeter OSG-060 located at Djougou (Benin, West Africa). After tidal analysis removing all solid Earth and ocean loading tidal contributions and correcting for the long term instrumental drift and atmospheric loading, we obtain a gravity residual signal which is essentially a hydrological signal due to the monsoon. This signal is first compared to several global Hydrology Models (ERA, GLDAS, MERRA). Our superconducting gravimeter residual signal is also superimposed onto episodic absolute gravity measurements and to space gravimetry GRACE data. A further comparison is done using local hydrological data like soil moisture in the very superficial layer (0-1.2 m), water table depth and rainfall. The temporal evolution of the correlation coefficient between the gravity observation and both the soil moisture and the water table is well explained by the direct infiltration process of rain water together with the lateral transfer discharging the water table. Finally we compute the water storage changes (WSC) using a simulation based on the physicallybased Parflow-CLM numerical model of the catchment, which solves the water and energy budget from the impermeable bedrock to the top of the canopy layer using the 3D Richards equation for the water transfers in the ground, the kinematic wave equation for the surface runoff, and a land surface model (CLM) for the energy budget and evapotranspiration calculation. This model forced by rain is in agreement with evapotranspiration and stream flow data and leads to simulated water storage changes that nicely fit to the observed gravity signal. This study points out the important role played by surface gravity changes in terms of a reliable proxy for water storage changes occurring in small catchments.
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separation of coseismic and postseismic gravity changes for the 2004 sumatra andaman earthquake from 4 6 yr of grace observations and modelling of the coseismic change by normal modes summation
Geophysical Journal International, 2009Co-Authors: Jean Paul Boy, Caroline De Linage, J Hinderer, L Rivera, Yves Rogister, Sophie Lambotte, Richard BiancaleAbstract:eodSpatiale (GRGS). For comparison, the Release-04 solutions of the Center for Space Research (CSR) are also inves- tigated after a spectral windowing or a Gaussian spatial smoothing. Results are shown both in terms of geoid height changes and gravity variations. Coseismic and postseismic gravitational changes estimated from the different gravity solutions are globally similar, although their spa- tial extent and amplitude depend on the type of filter used in the processing of GRACE fields. The highest signal-to-noise ratio is found with the GRGS solutions. The postseismic signature has a spectral content closer to the GRACE bandwidth than the coseismic signature and is therefore better detected by GRACE. The coseismic signature consists mainly of a strong gravity decrease east of the Sunda trench, in the Andaman Sea. A gravity increase is also detected at a smaller scale, west of the trench. The model for the coseismic gravity changes agrees well with the coseismic signature estimated from GRACE, regarding the overall shape and orientation, location with respect to the trench and order of magnitude. Coseismic gravity changes are followed by a postseismic relaxation that are well fitted by an increasing expo- nential function with a mean relaxation time of 0.7 yr. The total postseismic gravity change consists of a large-scale positive anomaly centred above the trench and extending over 15 ◦ of latitude along the subduction. After 26 months, the coseismic gravity decrease has been partly compensated by the postseismic relaxation, but a negative anomaly still remains south of Phuket. A dominant gravity increase extends over 15 ◦ of latitude west of the trench, being maximal south of the epicentre area. By investigating analyses of two global Hydrology Models and one ocean general circulation model, we show that our GRACE estimates of the coseismic and postseismic gravitational changes are almost not biased by interannual variations originat- ing from continental Hydrology and ocean circulation in the subduction area and in the central part of the Andaman Sea, while they are biased by several μGal in the Malay Peninsula.
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The GHYRAF (Gravity and Hydrology in Africa) experiment: Description and first results
Journal of Geodynamics, 2009Co-Authors: J Hinderer, Julia Pfeffer, Caroline De Linage, P Gegout, J-p Boy, F. Littel, F. Masson, Y. Rogister, M. Amalvict, B. LuckAbstract:This paper is the first presentation of a project called GHYRAF (Gravity and Hydrology in Africa) devoted to the detailed comparison between Models and multidisciplinary observations (ground and satellite gravity, geodesy, Hydrology, meteorology) of the variations of water storage in Africa from the Sahara arid part to the monsoon equatorial part. We describe the various actions planned in this project. We first detail the actions planned in gravimetry which consist in two main surface gravity experiments: on the one hand the periodic repetition of absolute gravity measurements along a north-south monsoonal gradient of rainfall in West Africa, going from Tamanrasset (20 mm/year) in southern Algeria to Djougou (1200 mm/year) in central Benin; on the other hand the continuous measurements at Djougou (Benin) with a superconducting gravimeter to monitor with a higher sampling rate the gravity changes related to an extreme hydrological cycle. Another section describes the actions planned in GPS which will maintain and develop the present-day existing network in West Africa. The third type of actions deals with hydrol-ogy and we review the three sites that will be investigated in this joint hydrogeophysics project namely Wankama (near Niamey) and Bagara (near Diffa) in the Niger Sahelian zone and Nalohou (near Djougou) in the Benin monsoon zone. We also address the question of the ground truth of satellite-derived missions ; in this context the GHYRAF project will lead to test the Hydrology Models by comparison both with in situ and satellite data such as GRACE, as well as to an important increase of our knowledge of the seasonal water cycle in Africa. We finally present preliminary results in GPS based on the analysis of the vertical motion of the Djougou site. The resulting absolute gravity changes related to the 2008 monsoon are finally given.
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combination of temporal gravity variations resulting from superconducting gravimeter sg recordings grace satellite observations and global Hydrology Models
Journal of Geodesy, 2006Co-Authors: Jurgen Neumeyer, Franz Barthelmes, Olaf Dierks, F Flechtner, Martina Harnisch, Gunter Harnisch, J Hinderer, Yuichi Imanishi, Corina Kroner, Bruno MeurersAbstract:Gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE)-derived temporal gravity variations can be resolved within the μgal (10−8 m/s2) range, if we restrict the spatial resolution to a half-wavelength of about 1,500 km and the temporal resolution to 1 month. For independent validations, a comparison with ground gravity measurements is of fundamental interest. For this purpose, data from selected superconducting gravimeter (SG) stations forming the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) network are used. For comparison, GRACE and SG data sets are reduced for the same known gravity effects due to Earth and ocean tides, pole tide and atmosphere. In contrast to GRACE, the SG also measures gravity changes due to load-induced height variations, whereas the satellite-derived Models do not contain this effect. For a solid spherical harmonic decomposition of the gravity field, this load effect can be modelled using degree-dependent load Love numbers, and this effect is added to the satellite-derived Models. After reduction of the known gravity effects from both data sets, the remaining part can mainly be assumed to represent mass changes in terrestrial water storage. Therefore, gravity variations derived from global hydrological Models are applied to verify the SG and GRACE results. Conversely, the Hydrology Models can be checked by gravity variations determined from GRACE and SG observations. Such a comparison shows quite a good agreement between gravity variation derived from SG, GRACE and Hydrology Models, which lie within their estimated error limits for most of the studied SG locations. It is shown that the SG gravity variations (point measurements) are representative for a large area within the accuracy, if local gravity effects are removed. The individual discrepancies between SG, GRACE and Hydrology Models may give hints for further investigations of each data series.
E. T. Coon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluating integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in ATS (v0.88) against observations from a polygonal tundra site
Geoscientific Model Development, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmad Jan, E. T. Coon, S. L. PainterAbstract:Abstract. Numerical simulations are essential tools for understanding the complex hydrologic response of Arctic regions to a warming climate. However, strong coupling among thermal and hydrological processes on the surface and in the subsurface and the significant role that subtle variations in surface topography have in regulating flow direction and surface storage lead to significant uncertainties. Careful model evaluation against field observations is thus important to build confidence. We evaluate the integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) against field observations from polygonal tundra at the Barrow Environmental Observatory. ATS couples a multiphase, 3D representation of subsurface thermal Hydrology with representations of overland nonisothermal flows, snow processes, and surface energy balance. We simulated thermal Hydrology of a 3D ice-wedge polygon with geometry that is abstracted but broadly consistent with the surface microtopography at our study site. The simulations were forced by meteorological data and observed water table elevations in ice-wedge polygon troughs. With limited calibration of parameters appearing in the soil evaporation model, the 3-year simulations agreed reasonably well with snow depth, summer water table elevations in the polygon center, and high-frequency soil temperature measurements at several depths in the trough, rim, and center of the polygon. Upscaled evaporation is in good agreement with flux tower observations. The simulations were found to be sensitive to parameters in the bare soil evaporation model, snowpack, and the lateral saturated hydraulic conductivity. Timing of fall freeze-up was found to be sensitive to initial snow density, illustrating the importance of including snow aging effects. The study provides new support for an emerging class of integrated surface/subsurface permafrost simulators.
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evaluating integrated surface subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in ats v0 88 against observations from a polygonal tundra site
Geoscientific Model Development, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmad Jan, E. T. Coon, S. L. PainterAbstract:Abstract. Numerical simulations are essential tools for understanding the complex hydrologic response of Arctic regions to a warming climate. However, strong coupling among thermal and hydrological processes on the surface and in the subsurface and the significant role that subtle variations in surface topography have in regulating flow direction and surface storage lead to significant uncertainties. Careful model evaluation against field observations is thus important to build confidence. We evaluate the integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) against field observations from polygonal tundra at the Barrow Environmental Observatory. ATS couples a multiphase, 3D representation of subsurface thermal Hydrology with representations of overland nonisothermal flows, snow processes, and surface energy balance. We simulated thermal Hydrology of a 3D ice-wedge polygon with geometry that is abstracted but broadly consistent with the surface microtopography at our study site. The simulations were forced by meteorological data and observed water table elevations in ice-wedge polygon troughs. With limited calibration of parameters appearing in the soil evaporation model, the 3-year simulations agreed reasonably well with snow depth, summer water table elevations in the polygon center, and high-frequency soil temperature measurements at several depths in the trough, rim, and center of the polygon. Upscaled evaporation is in good agreement with flux tower observations. The simulations were found to be sensitive to parameters in the bare soil evaporation model, snowpack, and the lateral saturated hydraulic conductivity. Timing of fall freeze-up was found to be sensitive to initial snow density, illustrating the importance of including snow aging effects. The study provides new support for an emerging class of integrated surface/subsurface permafrost simulators.
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Evaluating integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in ATS (v0.88) against observations from a polygonal tundra site
2019Co-Authors: Ahmad Jan, E. T. Coon, S. L. PainterAbstract:Abstract. Numerical simulations are essential tools for understanding the complex hydrologic response of Arctic regions to a warming climate. However, strong coupling among thermal and hydrological processes on the surface and in the subsurface and the significant role that subtle variations in surface topography have in regulating flow direction and surface storage lead to significant uncertainties. Careful model evaluation against field observations is thus important to build confidence. We evaluate the integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology Models in the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) against field observations from polygonal tundra at the Barrow Environmental Observatory. ATS couples a multiphase, three-dimensional representation of subsurface thermal Hydrology with representations of overland nonisothermal flows, snow processes, and surface energy balance. We simulated thermal Hydrology of three-dimensional ice-wedge polygons with generic but broadly representative surface microtopography. The simulations were forced by meteorological data and observed water table elevations in ice-wedge polygon troughs. With limited calibration of parameters appearing in the soil evaporation model, the three-year simulations agreed reasonably well with snow depth, summer water table elevations in the polygon center, and high-frequency soil temperature measurements at several depths in the trough, rim, and center of the polygon. Upscaled evaporation is in good agreement with flux tower observations. The simulations were found to be sensitive to parameters in the bare soil evaporation model, snowpack, and the lateral saturated hydraulic conductivity. The study provides new support for an emerging class of integrated surface/subsurface permafrost simulators, and provides an optimized set of model parameters for use in watershed-scale projections of permafrost dynamics in a warming climate.
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Integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal Hydrology: Model formulation and proof‐of‐concept simulations
Water Resources Research, 2016Co-Authors: S. L. Painter, A. L. Atchley, E. T. Coon, Markus Berndt, Rao V. Garimella, J. David Moulton, Daniil Svyatskiy, C. J. WilsonAbstract:The need to understand potential climate impacts and feedbacks in Arctic regions has prompted recent interest in modeling of permafrost dynamics in a warming climate. A new fine-scale integrated surface/subsurface thermal Hydrology modeling capability is described and demonstrated in proof-of-concept simulations. The new modeling capability combines a surface energy balance model with recently developed three-dimensional subsurface thermal Hydrology Models and new Models for nonisothermal surface water flows and snow distribution in the microtopography. Surface water flows are modeled using the diffusion wave equation extended to include energy transport and phase change of ponded water. Variation of snow depth in the microtopography, physically the result of wind scour, is also modeled heuristically with a diffusion wave equation. The multiple surface and subsurface processes are implemented by leveraging highly parallel community software. Fully integrated thermal Hydrology simulations on the tilted open book catchment, an important test case for integrated surface/subsurface flow modeling, are presented. Fine-scale 100-year projections of the integrated permafrost thermal hydrological system on an ice wedge polygon at Barrow Alaska in a warming climate are also presented. Finally, these simulations demonstrate the feasibility of microtopography-resolving, process-rich simulations as a tool to help understand possible future evolution of the carbon-rich Arcticmore » tundra in a warming climate.« less
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influences and interactions of inundation peat and snow on active layer thickness
Geophysical Research Letters, 2016Co-Authors: A. L. Atchley, S. L. Painter, D. R. Harp, E. T. Coon, C. J. WilsonAbstract:The effect of three environmental conditions: 1) thickness of organic soil, 2) snow depth, and 3) soil moisture content or water table height above and below the soil surface, on active layer thickness (ALT) are investigated using an ensemble of 1D thermal Hydrology Models. Sensitivity analyses of the ensemble exposed the isolated influence of each environmental condition on ALT and their multivariate interactions. The primary and interactive influences are illustrated in the form of color maps of ALT change. Results show that organic layer acts as a strong insulator, and its thickness is the dominant control of ALT, but the strength of the effect of organic layer thickness is dependent on the saturation state. Snow depth, subsurface saturation, and ponded water depth are strongly codependent and positively correlated to ALT.
Juliet C. Stromberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vegetation‐Hydrology Models: Implications for Management of Prosopis Velutina (Velvet Mesquite) Riparian Ecosystems
Ecological Applications, 1993Co-Authors: Juliet C. Stromberg, Scott D. Wilkins, James A. TressAbstract:: Prosopis velutina (velvet mesquite) forests are one of many types of aridland riparian ecosystems that are threatened by groundwater pumping and other types of water development. Empirical Models developed using both hydrological and vegetational data sets have potential uses in the management of these threatened ecosystems. To this end, we developed Models for Prosopis velutina stands across a xeric-to-mesic moisture gradient. The Models expressed canopy height, basal area, leaf area index, vegetation volume, and leaflet area as functions of plant water potential, and they expressed plant water potential and riparian stand structure as functions of water table depth. These data indicated that stand structure was strongly related to water availability. Management applications of the Models include the ability (1) to identify minimum water-table depths for riparian stand maintenance and (2) to detect stressful hydrological conditions, via water potential measurements, before the onset of structural degradation.
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vegetation Hydrology Models implications for management of prosopis velutina velvet mesquite riparian ecosystems
Ecological Applications, 1993Co-Authors: Juliet C. Stromberg, Scott D. Wilkins, James A. TressAbstract:Prosopis velutina (velvet mesquite) forests are one of many types of aridland riparian ecosystems that are threatened by groundwater pumping and other types of water development. Empirical Models developed using both hydrological and vegetational data sets have potential uses in the management of these threatened ecosystems. To this end, we developed Models for Prosopis velutina stands across a xeric-to-mesic moisture gradient. The Models expressed canopy height, basal area, leaf area index, vegetation volume, and leaflet area as functions of plant water potential, and they expressed plant water potential and riparian stand structure as functions of water table depth. These data indicated that stand structure was strongly related to water availability. Management applications of the Models include the ability (1) to identify minimum water-table depths for riparian stand maintenance and (2) to detect stressful hydrological conditions, via water potential mea- surements, before the onset of structural degradation.
