The Experts below are selected from a list of 216 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cesare Colasante - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vesicle size and transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction when quantal acetylcholine content is increased or decreased.
The Journal of Physiology, 2002Co-Authors: William Van Der Kloot, Jordi Molgó, Roger Cameron, Cesare ColasanteAbstract:We investigated whether the synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junction change size when their acetylcholine (ACh) content is altered. The size of the miniature endplate potential (MEPP) increased 3- or 4-fold in preparations pre-treated in a Hypertonic Solution in which the anion was gluconate. We measured the dimensions of synaptic vesicles in such preparations and in controls. The size of the vesicles and size distribution were indistinguishable. Quanta contained about half of the usual amount of ACh in preparations stimulated in the presence of hemicholinium-3, an inhibitor of choline uptake, or in NH(4)(+), which diminishes the proton gradient for ACh uptake into the vesicles. Neither treatment changed the size of the synaptic vesicles. ACh content and vesicle size were both decreased in preparations stimulated in (-)-vesamicol, an inhibitor of ACh uptake in vesicles. Since the other inhibitors decreased ACh content by a similar amount without altering vesicle size, (-)-vesamicol may decrease vesicle size by acting on another target. We also found that a Hypertonic Solution in which the anion was aspartate increased quantal size similar to gluconate. Both anions have high hydration energy and a large volume. When these treatments increased quantal size the mean 20-80 % rise time of MEPPs recorded with an extracellular electrode was 170 micros. In the controls it was 97 micros. Perhaps some of the added ACh is bound within the vesicles, which slows the rise. Our major conclusion is that ACh content can change notably without any change in the size of the synaptic vesicles.
Francisco Garcia Soriano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hypertonic Solution-induced preconditioning reduces inflammation and mortality rate
Journal of inflammation (London England), 2019Co-Authors: Rosangela Nascimento Pimentel, Ricardo Costa Petroni, Hermes Vieira Barbeiro, Denise Frediani Barbeiro, Mariana Macedo Andrade, S. Ariga, Francisco Garcia SorianoAbstract:Dysregulated inflammatory response is common cause of organ damage in critical care patients. Preconditioning/tolerance is a strategy to prevent exacerbated inflammation. The aim of this study is to analyze Hypertonic saline 7.5% as a potential inducer of preconditioning that protect from a lethal dose of LPS and modulates systemic inflammatory profile in mice. Male Balb/C mice received intravenous (i.v.) injections of Hypertonic Solution (NaCl 7.5%) (0.8 ml) for 3 days, on day 8th was challenged with LPS 15 mg/kg. Controls with Saline 0.9%, urea and sorbitol were performed. Microarray of mRNA expression was analyzed from HS versus saline from macrophages to identified the pathways activated by HS. HS preconditioning reduced mortality after LPS injection as well reduced the cytokines release in plasma of the animals challenged by LPS. In order to check how HS induces a preconditioning state we measured plasma cytokines after each HS infusion. Repeated HS injections induced a state of preconditioning that reprograms the inflammatory response, resulting in reduced inflammatory cytokine production. A microarray of mRNA demonstrated that Hypertonic Solution increased the expression of several genes in special Mapkbp1 and Atf3. Hypertonic Solution induces preconditioning/tolerance reducing mortality and inflammatory response after LPS challenge.
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local and systemic effects of Hypertonic Solution nacl 7 5 in experimental acute pancreatitis
Pancreas, 2006Co-Authors: Marcel Cerqueira Cesar Machado, Francisco Garcia Soriano, Ana Maria M Coelho, Vera Pontieri, Sandra N Sampietre, Nilza Molan, Andre Siqueira Matheus, Rosely A Patzina, Jose Eduardo M Cunha, Irineu Tadeu VelascoAbstract:Objectives:Severe acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by hemodynamic alterations and a systemic inflammatory response, leading to a high mortality rate. Treatment of hemorrhagic shock with Hypertonic saline Solutions significantly reduces mortality through an improvement in the hemodynamic cond
Mladenko Vasiljevic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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treatment of early heterotopic interstitial cornual gestation with subsequent delivery of an intrauterine pregnancy case report
Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2012Co-Authors: Milenko Prorocic, Mladenko Vasiljevic, L Tasic, O SmiljkovicAbstract:Abstract We present the case of a 38-year-old woman who was treated for a heterotopic interstitial (cornual) pregnancy diagnosed at the 7th week of gestation. The intervention was performed via transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration and instillation of a Hypertonic Solution of sodium chloride into the cornual sac. The heterotopic comrnual pregnancy was successfully aborted, and the intrauterine pregnancy was successfully maintained with delivery of a healthy newborn.
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treatment of heterotopic cervical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer by using transvaginal ultrasound guided aspiration and instillation of Hypertonic Solution of sodium chloride
Fertility and Sterility, 2007Co-Authors: Milenko Prorocic, Mladenko VasiljevicAbstract:Objective To report a case of successful treatment of heterotopic cervical pregnancy resulting from IVF–embryo transfer. Design Case report. Setting Tertiary university clinical center. Patient(s) A 31-year-old patient, treated for heterotopic cervical pregnancy, diagnosed in the 6th gestational week. Intervention(s) Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of cervical pregnancy and instillation of Hypertonic Solution of sodium chloride, upon ligation of descending cervical branches of the uterine arteries. Main Outcome Measure(s) Patient recovery and further maintenance of intrauterine twin pregnancy. Result(s) The cervical pregnancy was successfully aborted, and the intrauterine twin pregnancy was successfully maintained. Conclusion(s) The intervention applied may be used in treatment of heterotopic cervical pregnancy.
Mark W J Ferguson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduction of tendon adhesions following administration of adaprev a Hypertonic Solution of mannose 6 phosphate mechanism of action studies
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Jason Wong, Anthony Metcalfe, Richard J Wong, Jim Bush, Chris Platt, Arnaud Garcon, Nick Goldspink, D A Mcgrouther, Mark W J FergusonAbstract:Repaired tendons may be complicated by progressive fibrosis, causing adhesion formation or tendon softening leading to tendon rupture and subsequent reduced range of motion. There are few therapies available which improve the gliding of damaged tendons in the hand. We investigate the role of Mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) in a 600 mM Hypertonic Solution (Adaprev) on tendon adhesion formation in vivo using a mouse model of severed tendon in conjunction with analysis of collagen synthesis, cellular proliferation and receptors involved in TGF beta signalling. Cytotoxicity was assessed by measuring tissue residency, mechanical strength and cell viability of tendons after treatment with Adaprev. To elicit potential modes of action, in vitro and ex vivo studies were performed investigating phosphorylation of p38, cell migration and proliferation. Adaprev treatment significantly (p<0.05) reduced the development of adhesions and improved collagen organisation without reducing overall collagen synthesis following tendon injury in vivo. The bioavailability of Adaprev saw a 40% reduction at the site of administration over 45 minutes and tendon fibroblasts tolerated up to 120 minutes of exposure without significant loss of cell viability or tensile strength. These favourable effects were independent of CI-MPR and TGF-β signalling and possibly highlight a novel mechanism of action related to cellular stress demonstrated by phosphorylation of p38. The effect of treatment reduced tendon fibroblast migration and transiently halted tendon fibroblast proliferation in vitro and ex vivo. Our studies demonstrate that the primary mode of action for Adaprev is potentially via a physical, non-chemical, hyperosmotic effect.
William Van Der Kloot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vesicle size and transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction when quantal acetylcholine content is increased or decreased.
The Journal of Physiology, 2002Co-Authors: William Van Der Kloot, Jordi Molgó, Roger Cameron, Cesare ColasanteAbstract:We investigated whether the synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junction change size when their acetylcholine (ACh) content is altered. The size of the miniature endplate potential (MEPP) increased 3- or 4-fold in preparations pre-treated in a Hypertonic Solution in which the anion was gluconate. We measured the dimensions of synaptic vesicles in such preparations and in controls. The size of the vesicles and size distribution were indistinguishable. Quanta contained about half of the usual amount of ACh in preparations stimulated in the presence of hemicholinium-3, an inhibitor of choline uptake, or in NH(4)(+), which diminishes the proton gradient for ACh uptake into the vesicles. Neither treatment changed the size of the synaptic vesicles. ACh content and vesicle size were both decreased in preparations stimulated in (-)-vesamicol, an inhibitor of ACh uptake in vesicles. Since the other inhibitors decreased ACh content by a similar amount without altering vesicle size, (-)-vesamicol may decrease vesicle size by acting on another target. We also found that a Hypertonic Solution in which the anion was aspartate increased quantal size similar to gluconate. Both anions have high hydration energy and a large volume. When these treatments increased quantal size the mean 20-80 % rise time of MEPPs recorded with an extracellular electrode was 170 micros. In the controls it was 97 micros. Perhaps some of the added ACh is bound within the vesicles, which slows the rise. Our major conclusion is that ACh content can change notably without any change in the size of the synaptic vesicles.