The Experts below are selected from a list of 945 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yoshinori Kotani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the experimental and clinical pharmacology of propofol an anesthetic Agent with neuroprotective properties
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshinori Kotani, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Shinichi Yoshimura, Toru Iwama, Hideaki HaraAbstract:Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is a versatile, short-acting, intravenous (i.v.) sedative-Hypnotic Agent initially marketed as an anesthetic, and now also widely used for the sedation of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). At the room temperature propofol is an oil and is insoluble in water. It has a remarkable safety profile. Its most common side effects are dose-dependent hypotension and cardiorespiratory depression. Propofol is a global central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It activates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptors directly, inhibits the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and modulates calcium influx through slow calcium-ion channels. Furthermore, at doses that do not produce sedation, propofol has an anxiolytic effect. It has also immunomodulatory activity, and may, therefore, diminish the systemic inflammatory response believed to be responsible for organ dysfunction. Propofol has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. It reduces cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure (ICP), is a potent antioxidant, and has antiinflammatory properties. Laboratory investigations revealed that it might also protect brain from ischemic injury. Propofol formulations contain either disodium edetate (EDTA) or sodium metabisulfite, which have antibacterial and antifungal properties. EDTA is also a chelator of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Recently, EDTA has been reported to exert a neuroprotective effect itself by chelating surplus intracerebral zinc in an ischemia model. This article reviews the neuroprotective effects of propofol and its mechanism of action.
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the experimental and clinical pharmacology of propofol an anesthetic Agent with neuroprotective properties
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshinori Kotani, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Shinichi Yoshimura, Toru Iwama, Hideaki HaraAbstract:Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is a versatile, short-acting, intravenous (i.v.) sedative-Hypnotic Agent initially marketed as an anesthetic, and now also widely used for the sedation of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). At the room temperature propofol is an oil and is insoluble in water. It has a remarkable safety profile. Its most common side effects are dose-dependent hypotension and cardiorespiratory depression. Propofol is a global central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It activates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptors directly, inhibits the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and modulates calcium influx through slow calcium-ion channels. Furthermore, at doses that do not produce sedation, propofol has an anxiolytic effect. It has also immunomodulatory activity, and may, therefore, diminish the systemic inflammatory response believed to be responsible for organ dysfunction. Propofol has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. It reduces cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure (ICP), is a potent antioxidant, and has antiinflammatory properties. Laboratory investigations revealed that it might also protect brain from ischemic injury. Propofol formulations contain either disodium edetate (EDTA) or sodium metabisulfite, which have antibacterial and antifungal properties. EDTA is also a chelator of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Recently, EDTA has been reported to exert a neuroprotective effect itself by chelating surplus intracerebral zinc in an ischemia model. This article reviews the neuroprotective effects of propofol and its mechanism of action.
Hideaki Hara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the experimental and clinical pharmacology of propofol an anesthetic Agent with neuroprotective properties
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshinori Kotani, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Shinichi Yoshimura, Toru Iwama, Hideaki HaraAbstract:Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is a versatile, short-acting, intravenous (i.v.) sedative-Hypnotic Agent initially marketed as an anesthetic, and now also widely used for the sedation of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). At the room temperature propofol is an oil and is insoluble in water. It has a remarkable safety profile. Its most common side effects are dose-dependent hypotension and cardiorespiratory depression. Propofol is a global central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It activates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptors directly, inhibits the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and modulates calcium influx through slow calcium-ion channels. Furthermore, at doses that do not produce sedation, propofol has an anxiolytic effect. It has also immunomodulatory activity, and may, therefore, diminish the systemic inflammatory response believed to be responsible for organ dysfunction. Propofol has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. It reduces cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure (ICP), is a potent antioxidant, and has antiinflammatory properties. Laboratory investigations revealed that it might also protect brain from ischemic injury. Propofol formulations contain either disodium edetate (EDTA) or sodium metabisulfite, which have antibacterial and antifungal properties. EDTA is also a chelator of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Recently, EDTA has been reported to exert a neuroprotective effect itself by chelating surplus intracerebral zinc in an ischemia model. This article reviews the neuroprotective effects of propofol and its mechanism of action.
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the experimental and clinical pharmacology of propofol an anesthetic Agent with neuroprotective properties
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshinori Kotani, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Shinichi Yoshimura, Toru Iwama, Hideaki HaraAbstract:Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is a versatile, short-acting, intravenous (i.v.) sedative-Hypnotic Agent initially marketed as an anesthetic, and now also widely used for the sedation of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). At the room temperature propofol is an oil and is insoluble in water. It has a remarkable safety profile. Its most common side effects are dose-dependent hypotension and cardiorespiratory depression. Propofol is a global central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It activates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptors directly, inhibits the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and modulates calcium influx through slow calcium-ion channels. Furthermore, at doses that do not produce sedation, propofol has an anxiolytic effect. It has also immunomodulatory activity, and may, therefore, diminish the systemic inflammatory response believed to be responsible for organ dysfunction. Propofol has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. It reduces cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure (ICP), is a potent antioxidant, and has antiinflammatory properties. Laboratory investigations revealed that it might also protect brain from ischemic injury. Propofol formulations contain either disodium edetate (EDTA) or sodium metabisulfite, which have antibacterial and antifungal properties. EDTA is also a chelator of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Recently, EDTA has been reported to exert a neuroprotective effect itself by chelating surplus intracerebral zinc in an ischemia model. This article reviews the neuroprotective effects of propofol and its mechanism of action.
Robert Maclaren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fospropofol a new sedative Hypnotic Agent for monitored anesthesia care
Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2009Co-Authors: Gina D. Moore, Alyssa M Walker, Robert MaclarenAbstract:Objective:To summarize the published clinical data on fospropofol, critically review the safety and efficacy information, and provide pertinent information for formulary review.Data Sources:Data were collected from searches of MEDLINE (1966–June 30, 2009), EMBASE (1974–June 30, 2009), bibliographies of manuscripts, and www.fda.gov. Key search terms included fospropofol, Lusedra, Aquavan, sedative–Hypnotic, and monitored anesthesia care.Study Selection and Data Extraction:All Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3 clinical trials studying the safety and efficacy of fospropofol were reviewed.Data Synthesis:Fospropofol is a water-soluble prodrug of propofol, a potent sedative–Hypnotic Agent. Propofol is highly lipophilic and is formulated in lipid-containing solvents, which have known disadvantages, including pain on injection, narrow therapeutic window with the potential to cause deep sedation, high lipid intake during long-term sedation, and risk of infection resulting from bacterial contamination. Due to its water...
Manouchkathe Cassagnol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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low dose quetiapine is not a benign sedative Hypnotic Agent
American Journal on Addictions, 2008Co-Authors: James J Gugger, Manouchkathe CassagnolAbstract:Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) appear to be effective for a broad range of psychiatric disorders. When used in doses lower than those to treat psychosis, these Agents are effective for anx...
Koichiro Tatsumi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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single use suvorexant for treating insomnia during overnight polysomnography in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea a single center experience
Drug Design Development and Therapy, 2019Co-Authors: Takuma Matsumura, Jiro Terada, Chikara Yoshimura, Ken Koshikawa, Taku Kinoshita, Misuzu Yahaba, Kengo Nagashima, Seiichiro Sakao, Koichiro TatsumiAbstract:Purpose Although patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) might suffer difficulty in falling asleep during overnight polysomnography (PSG), standard Hypnotics to obtain sleep during PSG have not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of a new Hypnotic Agent, suvorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, for insomnia in suspected OSA patients during in-laboratory PSG. Patients and methods An observational study was conducted during PSG for 149 patients with suspected OSA who had no insomnia at home. Patients with difficulty in falling asleep during PSG were optionally permitted to take single-use suvorexant. Patients with residual severe insomnia (>1 hour) after taking suvorexant were permitted to take an add-on use zolpidem. Clinical data and sleep questionnaire results were analyzed between a no insomnia group (without Hypnotics) and an insomnia group (treated with suvorexant). Results Among 84 patients who experienced insomnia during PSG and required Hypnotics (the insomnia group; treated with suvorexant), 44 (52.4%) achieved sufficient subjective sleep with single-use of suvorexant, while the other 40 (47.6%) required suvorexant plus zolpidem. An apnea hypopnea index (AHI) of ≥5 was observed in 144 out of 149 patients with predominantly obstructive respiratory events. Among those patients, 70.8% in the no insomnia group and 63.1% in the insomnia group had severe OSA. Regarding both subjective sleep time and morning mood, significant differences between the no insomnia group and the insomnia group were not observed. No patient taking suvorexant had an adverse event, such as delirium or falling. Conclusion Single-use suvorexant seems to be a safe and effective (but mild) Hypnotic Agent for suspected OSA patients with insomnia during in-laboratory PSG.
