The Experts below are selected from a list of 276 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael H. Meylan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
an idealised experimental model of ocean surface wave transmission by an Ice Floe
Ocean Modelling, 2015Co-Authors: Luke G Bennetts, Michael H. Meylan, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alexandr Babanin, Alessandro ToffoliAbstract:Abstract An experimental model of transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe is presented. Thin plastic plates with different material properties and thicknesses are used to model the Floe. Regular incident waves with different periods and steepnesses are used, ranging from gently-sloping to storm-like conditions. A wave gauge is used to measure the water surface elevation in the lee of the Floe. The depth of wave overwash on the Floe is measured by a gauge in the centre of the Floe’s upper surface. Results show transmitted waves are regular for gently-sloping incident waves but irregular for storm-like incident waves. The proportion of the incident wave transmitted is shown to decrease as incident wave steepness increases, and to be at its minimum for an incident wavelength equal to the Floe length. Further, a trend is noted for transmission to decrease as the mean wave height in the overwash region increases.
-
Experimental and theoretical models of wave-induced flexure of a sea Ice Floe
Physics of Fluids, 2015Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, Luke G Bennetts, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alessandro ToffoliAbstract:An experimental model is used to validate a theoretical model of a sea Ice Floe’s flexural motion, induced by ocean waves. A thin plastic plate models the Ice Floe in the experiments. Rigid and compliant plastics and two different thicknesses are tested. Regular incident waves are used, with wavelengths less than, equal to, and greater than the Floe length, and steepnesses ranging from gently sloping to storm-like. Results show the models agree well, despite the overwash phenomenon occurring in the experiments, which the theoretical model neglects.
-
surge motion of an Ice Floe in waves comparison of a theoretical and an experimental model
Annals of Glaciology, 2015Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, L J Yiew, Luke G Bennetts, Benjamin French, G.a. ThomasAbstract:A theoretical model and an experimental model of surge motions of an Ice Floe due to regular waves are presented. The theoretical model is a modified version of Morrison's equation, valid for small floating bodies. The experimental model is implemented in a wave basin at a scale 1:100, using a thin plastic disc to model the Floe. The processed experimental data display a regime change in surge amplitude when the incident wavelength is approximately twIce the Floe diameter. It is shown that the theoretical model is accurate in the high-wavelength regime, but highly inaccurate in the lowwavelength regime.
-
surge motion of an Ice Floe in waves comparison of theoretical and experimental models
arXiv: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 2014Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, L J Yiew, Luke G Bennetts, Benjamin French, G.a. ThomasAbstract:A theoretical model and an experimental model of surge motions of an Ice Floe due to regular waves are presented. The theoretical model is a modified version of Morrison's equation, valid for small floating bodies. The experimental model is implemented in a wave basin at scale 1:100, using a thin plastic disk to model the Floe. The processed experimental data displays a regime change in surge amplitude when the incident wavelength is approximately twIce the Floe diameter. It is shown that the theoretical model is accurate in the large wavelength regime, but highly inaccurate for the small wavelength regime.
-
An experimental model of reflection and transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe
arXiv: Fluid Dynamics, 2014Co-Authors: Alessandro Toffoli, Luke G Bennetts, Michael H. Meylan, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alexandr BabaninAbstract:An experimental model of reflection and transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe is presented. Evolution of mechanically-generated, regular waves is monitored in front and in the lee of a solitary, square Floe, made of a synthetic material. Results confirm dependence of reflection and transmission on the period of the incident wave. Results also indicate that wave overwash on the Floe affects reflection and transmission.
Luke G Bennetts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
an idealised experimental model of ocean surface wave transmission by an Ice Floe
Ocean Modelling, 2015Co-Authors: Luke G Bennetts, Michael H. Meylan, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alexandr Babanin, Alessandro ToffoliAbstract:Abstract An experimental model of transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe is presented. Thin plastic plates with different material properties and thicknesses are used to model the Floe. Regular incident waves with different periods and steepnesses are used, ranging from gently-sloping to storm-like conditions. A wave gauge is used to measure the water surface elevation in the lee of the Floe. The depth of wave overwash on the Floe is measured by a gauge in the centre of the Floe’s upper surface. Results show transmitted waves are regular for gently-sloping incident waves but irregular for storm-like incident waves. The proportion of the incident wave transmitted is shown to decrease as incident wave steepness increases, and to be at its minimum for an incident wavelength equal to the Floe length. Further, a trend is noted for transmission to decrease as the mean wave height in the overwash region increases.
-
surge motion of an Ice Floe in waves comparison of a theoretical and an experimental model
Annals of Glaciology, 2015Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, L J Yiew, Luke G Bennetts, Benjamin French, G.a. ThomasAbstract:A theoretical model and an experimental model of surge motions of an Ice Floe due to regular waves are presented. The theoretical model is a modified version of Morrison's equation, valid for small floating bodies. The experimental model is implemented in a wave basin at a scale 1:100, using a thin plastic disc to model the Floe. The processed experimental data display a regime change in surge amplitude when the incident wavelength is approximately twIce the Floe diameter. It is shown that the theoretical model is accurate in the high-wavelength regime, but highly inaccurate in the lowwavelength regime.
-
Experimental and theoretical models of wave-induced flexure of a sea Ice Floe
Physics of Fluids, 2015Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, Luke G Bennetts, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alessandro ToffoliAbstract:An experimental model is used to validate a theoretical model of a sea Ice Floe’s flexural motion, induced by ocean waves. A thin plastic plate models the Ice Floe in the experiments. Rigid and compliant plastics and two different thicknesses are tested. Regular incident waves are used, with wavelengths less than, equal to, and greater than the Floe length, and steepnesses ranging from gently sloping to storm-like. Results show the models agree well, despite the overwash phenomenon occurring in the experiments, which the theoretical model neglects.
-
surge motion of an Ice Floe in waves comparison of theoretical and experimental models
arXiv: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 2014Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, L J Yiew, Luke G Bennetts, Benjamin French, G.a. ThomasAbstract:A theoretical model and an experimental model of surge motions of an Ice Floe due to regular waves are presented. The theoretical model is a modified version of Morrison's equation, valid for small floating bodies. The experimental model is implemented in a wave basin at scale 1:100, using a thin plastic disk to model the Floe. The processed experimental data displays a regime change in surge amplitude when the incident wavelength is approximately twIce the Floe diameter. It is shown that the theoretical model is accurate in the large wavelength regime, but highly inaccurate for the small wavelength regime.
-
An experimental model of reflection and transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe
arXiv: Fluid Dynamics, 2014Co-Authors: Alessandro Toffoli, Luke G Bennetts, Michael H. Meylan, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alexandr BabaninAbstract:An experimental model of reflection and transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe is presented. Evolution of mechanically-generated, regular waves is monitored in front and in the lee of a solitary, square Floe, made of a synthetic material. Results confirm dependence of reflection and transmission on the period of the incident wave. Results also indicate that wave overwash on the Floe affects reflection and transmission.
Alessandro Toffoli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
an idealised experimental model of ocean surface wave transmission by an Ice Floe
Ocean Modelling, 2015Co-Authors: Luke G Bennetts, Michael H. Meylan, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alexandr Babanin, Alessandro ToffoliAbstract:Abstract An experimental model of transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe is presented. Thin plastic plates with different material properties and thicknesses are used to model the Floe. Regular incident waves with different periods and steepnesses are used, ranging from gently-sloping to storm-like conditions. A wave gauge is used to measure the water surface elevation in the lee of the Floe. The depth of wave overwash on the Floe is measured by a gauge in the centre of the Floe’s upper surface. Results show transmitted waves are regular for gently-sloping incident waves but irregular for storm-like incident waves. The proportion of the incident wave transmitted is shown to decrease as incident wave steepness increases, and to be at its minimum for an incident wavelength equal to the Floe length. Further, a trend is noted for transmission to decrease as the mean wave height in the overwash region increases.
-
Experimental and theoretical models of wave-induced flexure of a sea Ice Floe
Physics of Fluids, 2015Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, Luke G Bennetts, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alessandro ToffoliAbstract:An experimental model is used to validate a theoretical model of a sea Ice Floe’s flexural motion, induced by ocean waves. A thin plastic plate models the Ice Floe in the experiments. Rigid and compliant plastics and two different thicknesses are tested. Regular incident waves are used, with wavelengths less than, equal to, and greater than the Floe length, and steepnesses ranging from gently sloping to storm-like. Results show the models agree well, despite the overwash phenomenon occurring in the experiments, which the theoretical model neglects.
-
An experimental model of reflection and transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe
arXiv: Fluid Dynamics, 2014Co-Authors: Alessandro Toffoli, Luke G Bennetts, Michael H. Meylan, Alberto Alberello, C. Cavaliere, Alexandr BabaninAbstract:An experimental model of reflection and transmission of ocean waves by an Ice Floe is presented. Evolution of mechanically-generated, regular waves is monitored in front and in the lee of a solitary, square Floe, made of a synthetic material. Results confirm dependence of reflection and transmission on the period of the incident wave. Results also indicate that wave overwash on the Floe affects reflection and transmission.
Vernon A. Squire - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
water wave scattering from a mass loading Ice Floe of random length using generalised polynomial chaos
Wave Motion, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes E M Mosig, Fabien Montiel, Vernon A. SquireAbstract:Abstract We consider the scattering of water waves in a two dimensional domain from a floating sea Ice Floe of random length. The length is treated as a random variable governed by a prescribed probability distribution. To keep the focus on the random length aspect we choose a simple mass loading model to characterise the Ice Floe. We compute the expectation and variance of the reflection and transmission coefficients using two different methods derived from the framework of generalised polynomial chaos (gPC), as part of which unknown quantities of the problem are expanded in a basis of orthogonal polynomials of the random variable. The polynomials are chosen optimally for the particular probability distribution of the random variable to minimise an approximation error. We devise a stochastic collocation method, which involves computing the reflection and transmission coefficients deterministically for a number of carefully sampled lengths and fitting polynomial expansions to them. The second approach is based on the stochastic Galerkin method, for which the governing equations are transformed to accommodate the random length parameter. We also use a standard Monte Carlo (MC) approach for comparison. The gPC methods are shown to be numerically efficient and exhibit desirable exponential convergence properties, as opposed to the slow inverse square root convergence of the MC approach. Finally, we use the statistic collocation method to demonstrate that the Floe size distribution can have a significant impact on the expected transmission coefficient.
-
a boundary integral method for the interaction of large amplitude ocean waves with a compliant floating raft such as a sea Ice Floe
Journal of Engineering Mathematics, 2008Co-Authors: Gareth Hegarty, Vernon A. SquireAbstract:The interaction of large-amplitude water waves with a compliant floating raft such as a sea-Ice Floe or a pontoon-type VLFS (very large floating structure) is considered. The solution is expressed as a series using a perturbation expansion, the first two components of which are solved inductively using a boundary-integral method. The primary interest of this paper is to the ways in which the second-order potential can be modified in order to apply the boundary-integral method and to the comparison of results with those derived using eigenfunction matching methods.
-
On modelling an Iceberg embedded in shore-fast sea Ice
Journal of Engineering Mathematics, 2001Co-Authors: Vernon A. Squire, Tony W. DixonAbstract:The effect of long Ice-coupled waves impinging on a tabular Iceberg, an Ice island or a thick sea Ice Floe trapped within a thin veneer of shore fast sea Ice of substantial extent is considered. The waves most likely originate as ocean waves in the open sea beyond the fast Ice boundary, from where they propagate into the sea Ice. There their character is altered because of the flexural properties of the Ice. The geophysical / engineering problem posed is solved by a Green's function method that redevelops, for a different surface boundary condition, an earlier study concerned with a freely floating Ice Floe. Reflection and transmission coefficients for the berg are found to depend strongly on its thickness and length. Amongst other things, the work relates to the operational safety of natural and artificially thickened Arctic Ice platforms located in a contiguous Ice sheet.
-
response of a circular Ice Floe to ocean waves
Journal of Geophysical Research, 1996Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, Vernon A. SquireAbstract:A new model is presented to reproduce the behavior of a solitary, circular, flexible Ice Floe brought into motion by the action of long-crested sea waves. The intended application of the work is ultimately a fully three-dimensional analogue of a marginal Ice zone (MIZ) through which ocean waves propagate, allowing the attenuation and directional advance to be forecast and validated against observations. (Existing theory does not treat directional changes correctly.) To enable a check to be made on the model, two independent methods are developed: an expansion in the eigenfunctions of a thin circular plate, and the more general method of eigenfunctions used to construct a Green's function for the Floe. Displacement and three-dimensional scattering patterns in the water surrounding the Floe are given for several Floe geometries. The model is also used to investigate the strain field generated in the Floe, its surge response, and the energy initiated in the water encircling it. Finally, with the aim of understanding how Floes herd together to form cohesive structures in the MIZ, the force induced on Floes of various thicknesses and diameters is plotted.
-
The response of Ice Floes to ocean waves
Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994Co-Authors: Michael H. Meylan, Vernon A. SquireAbstract:A precise linear mathematical theory is reported to model the response of a solitary Ice Floe in ocean waves, allowing the Floe to bend with the passing wave. Both infinite and finite water depths are considered, and the model is also extended to include a pair of separated Floes of different length, the case of n-Floes then being a natural and straightforward development. For a single Ice Floe, perfect transmission is achieved whenever the wavelength beneath the Ice couples perfectly to the length of the Ice Floe. Then the strains induced in the bending Ice Floe reach a maximum, and because multiple-cycle tuning can occur in Floes which are long compared to the wavelength, strain response amplitude operators (RAOs) are complicated. By considering the case of infinite stiffness, heave and roll RAOs are also found for typical ocean wave periods, and these agree well with two-dimensional rigid-body models. Finally, Ice Floes of different diameters but constant 1-m thickness are subjected to spectral forcing, and the strain spectral density for each is found. Spectral density envelopes increase gradually with Floe diameter, achieving a maximum value for a Floe of about 102m. Thereafter strains never decrease below those for the 80-m curve owing to multiple-cycle tuning. This may explain the presence of zones within an Ice field where Floe size never exceeds some prescribed value. Results obtained from the complete theory for two adjacent Floes do not differ significantly from those found by applying the single-Floe model serially except when the separation is very small.
Hayley H. Shen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
wind and wave influences on sea Ice Floe size and leads in the beaufort and chukchi seas during the summer fall transition 2014
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2016Co-Authors: Yu Wang, Benjamin Holt, Erick W Rogers, Jim Thomson, Hayley H. ShenAbstract:Sea Ice Floe size distribution and lead properties in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas are studied in the summer-fall transition 2014 to examine the impact on the sea Ice cover from storms and surface waves. Floe size distributions are analyzed from MEDEA, Landsat8, and RADARSAT-2 imagery, with a resolution span of 1–100 m. Landsat8 imagery is also used to identify the orientation and spacing of leads. The study period centers around three large wave events during August–September 2014 identified by SWIFT buoys and WAVEWATCH III® model data. The range of Floe sizes from different resolutions provides the overall distribution across a wide range of Ice properties and estimated thickness. All cumulative Floe size distribution curves show a gradual bending toward shallower slopes for smaller Floe sizes. The overall slopes in the cumulative Floe size distribution curves from Landsat8 images are lower than, while those from RADARSAT-2 are similar to, previously reported results in the same region and seasonal period. The MEDEA Floe size distributions appeared to be sensitive to the passage of storms. Lead orientations, regardless of length, correlate slightly better with the peak wave direction than with the mean wave direction. Their correlation with the geostrophic wind is stronger than with the surface wind. The spacing between shorter leads correlates well with the local incoming surface wavelengths, obtained from the model peak wave frequency. The information derived shows promise for a coordinated multisensor study of storm effects in the Arctic marginal Ice zone.
-
A one-dimensional model for wave-induced Ice-Floe collisions
Annals of Glaciology, 1991Co-Authors: Hayley H. Shen, Stephen F. AckleyAbstract:In this study, the collision of Ice Floes under the action of a monotonic wave is quantified. The lateral motion of an Ice Floe caused by the wave is modeled as the sliding of an object under gravity. In this case, the gravity component in the direction of motion varies with time and space as the wave progresses by the Floe. Drag and added mass effects are included in the model. Two Floes located at different positions are shown to have a net difference in their drift (caused only be repeated wave passages). In most cases, this differential drift eventually causes Floe collision. When two Floes collide, a spring and dash-pot model is adopted to calculate the contact force. A one-dimensional wave passing through a one-dimensional array of disc-shaped Floes is examined. Two phenomena are apparent from the analysis. First, waves have a herding effect that forms bands of Floes with the width equal to the wavelength. Secondly, the frequency of collision is sensitive to the elastic properties of the Floes and the wave amplitude. With sufficient values of the damping constant, which operates when two Floes collide, the Floes stay in contact for prolonged periods, indicating the potential to freeze together and form composite Floes, as was observed in the field studies.