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Kevin J. Mcgraw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of carotenoid supplementation on Immune System Development in juvenile male veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus).
Frontiers in zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Kristen L. Mccartney, Russell A. Ligon, Michael W. Butler, Dale F. Denardo, Kevin J. McgrawAbstract:Introduction Nutrient availability, assimilation, and allocation can have important and lasting effects on the Immune System Development of growing animals. Though carotenoid pigments have immunostimulatory properties in many animals, relatively little is known regarding how they influence the Immune System during Development. Moreover, studies linking carotenoids to health at any life stage have largely been restricted to birds and mammals. We investigated the effects of carotenoid supplementation on multiple aspects of immunity in juvenile veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus). We supplemented half of the chameleons with lutein (a xanthophyll carotenoid) for 14 weeks during Development and serially measured multiple aspects of Immune function, including: agglutination and lysis performance of plasma, wound healing, and plasma nitric oxide concentrations before and after wounding.
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The effect of carotenoid supplementation on Immune System Development in juvenile male veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Frontiers in Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Kristen L. Mccartney, Russell A. Ligon, Michael W. Butler, Dale F. Denardo, Kevin J. McgrawAbstract:Introduction Nutrient availability, assimilation, and allocation can have important and lasting effects on the Immune System Development of growing animals. Though carotenoid pigments have immunostimulatory properties in many animals, relatively little is known regarding how they influence the Immune System during Development. Moreover, studies linking carotenoids to health at any life stage have largely been restricted to birds and mammals. We investigated the effects of carotenoid supplementation on multiple aspects of immunity in juvenile veiled chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ). We supplemented half of the chameleons with lutein (a xanthophyll carotenoid) for 14 weeks during Development and serially measured multiple aspects of Immune function, including: agglutination and lysis performance of plasma, wound healing, and plasma nitric oxide concentrations before and after wounding. Results Though lutein supplementation effectively elevated circulating carotenoid concentrations throughout the Developmental period, we found no evidence that carotenoid repletion enhanced Immune function at any point. However, agglutination and lysis scores increased, while baseline nitric oxide levels decreased, as chameleons aged. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that body mass and age, but not carotenoid access, may play an important role in Immune performance of growing chameleons. Hence, studying well-understood physiological processes in novel taxa can provide new perspectives on alternative physiological processes and nutrient function.
Kristen L. Mccartney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of carotenoid supplementation on Immune System Development in juvenile male veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus).
Frontiers in zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Kristen L. Mccartney, Russell A. Ligon, Michael W. Butler, Dale F. Denardo, Kevin J. McgrawAbstract:Introduction Nutrient availability, assimilation, and allocation can have important and lasting effects on the Immune System Development of growing animals. Though carotenoid pigments have immunostimulatory properties in many animals, relatively little is known regarding how they influence the Immune System during Development. Moreover, studies linking carotenoids to health at any life stage have largely been restricted to birds and mammals. We investigated the effects of carotenoid supplementation on multiple aspects of immunity in juvenile veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus). We supplemented half of the chameleons with lutein (a xanthophyll carotenoid) for 14 weeks during Development and serially measured multiple aspects of Immune function, including: agglutination and lysis performance of plasma, wound healing, and plasma nitric oxide concentrations before and after wounding.
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The effect of carotenoid supplementation on Immune System Development in juvenile male veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Frontiers in Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Kristen L. Mccartney, Russell A. Ligon, Michael W. Butler, Dale F. Denardo, Kevin J. McgrawAbstract:Introduction Nutrient availability, assimilation, and allocation can have important and lasting effects on the Immune System Development of growing animals. Though carotenoid pigments have immunostimulatory properties in many animals, relatively little is known regarding how they influence the Immune System during Development. Moreover, studies linking carotenoids to health at any life stage have largely been restricted to birds and mammals. We investigated the effects of carotenoid supplementation on multiple aspects of immunity in juvenile veiled chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ). We supplemented half of the chameleons with lutein (a xanthophyll carotenoid) for 14 weeks during Development and serially measured multiple aspects of Immune function, including: agglutination and lysis performance of plasma, wound healing, and plasma nitric oxide concentrations before and after wounding. Results Though lutein supplementation effectively elevated circulating carotenoid concentrations throughout the Developmental period, we found no evidence that carotenoid repletion enhanced Immune function at any point. However, agglutination and lysis scores increased, while baseline nitric oxide levels decreased, as chameleons aged. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that body mass and age, but not carotenoid access, may play an important role in Immune performance of growing chameleons. Hence, studying well-understood physiological processes in novel taxa can provide new perspectives on alternative physiological processes and nutrient function.
Asimenia Angelidou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preparing for life plasma proteome changes and Immune System Development during the first week of human life
Frontiers in Immunology, 2020Co-Authors: Tue Bjerg Bennike, Benoit Fatou, Asimenia Angelidou, Joann Dirayarce, Reza Falsafi, Rebecca FordAbstract:Neonates have heightened susceptibility to infections. The biological mechanisms are incompletely understood but thought to be related to age-specific adaptations in immunity due to resource constraints during Immune System Development and growth. We present here an extended analysis of our proteomics study of peripheral blood-plasma from a study of healthy full-term newborns delivered vaginally, collected at the day of birth and on day of life (DOL) 1, 3 or 7, to cover the first week of life. The plasma proteome was characterized by LC-MS using our established 96-well plate format plasma proteomics platform. We found increasing acute phase proteins and a reduction of respective inhibitors on DOL1. Focusing on the complement System, we found increased plasma concentrations of all major components of the classical complement pathway and the membrane attack complex (MAC) from birth onward, except C7 which seem to have near adult levels at birth. In contrast, components in the lectin and alternative complement pathways mainly decreased. A comparison to whole blood mRNA levels enabled characterization of mRNA and protein levels in parallel, and for 23 of the 30 monitored complement proteins, the whole blood transcript information by itself was not reflective of the plasma protein levels or dynamics during the first week of life. Analysis of immunoglobulin (Ig) mRNA and protein levels revealed that IgM levels and synthesis increased, while the plasma concentrations of maternally transferred IgG1-4 decreased in accordance with their in vivo half-lives. The neonatal plasma ratio of IgG1 to IgG2-4 was increased compared to adult values, demonstrating a highly efficient IgG1 transplacental transfer process. Partial compensation for maternal IgG degradation was achieved by endogenous synthesis of the IgG1 subtype which increased with DOL. The findings were validated in a geographically distinct cohort, demonstrating a consistent Developmental trajectory of the newborn’s Immune System over the first week of human life across continents. Our findings indicate that the classical complement pathway is central for newborn immunity and our approach to characterize the plasma proteome in parallel with the transcriptome will provide crucial insight in Immune ontogeny and inform new approaches to prevent and treat diseases.
Le Luo Guan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome wide transcriptome analysis provides bases on colonic mucosal Immune System Development affected by colostrum feeding strategies in neonatal calves
BMC Genomics, 2018Co-Authors: A Fischer, Yang Song, M A Steele, Le Luo GuanAbstract:Delivery of colostrum within the first several hours after birth is vital for establishing successful passive immunity in neonatal dairy calves. However, it is unclear whether a difference in colostrum feeding strategy can affect the Development of the calf gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of colostrum feeding time within the first 12 h after birth on the colonic mucosal Immune System in neonatal calves using a genome wide transcriptome analysis. RNA sequencing-based transcriptome analysis of colon tissues collected from 27 male Holstein calves which were randomly assigned to one of three colostrum feeding strategies – (immediately after birth (TRT0); 6 h after birth (TRT6); 12 h after birth (TRT12)) – and euthanized at 51 h of age detected 15,935 ± 210, 15,332 ± 415, and 15,539 ± 440 expressed genes in the colon under three treatments, respectively. The core transcriptome of the colon included 12,678 genes, with enriched “cellular process” and “metabolic process” as the top two biological functions with 802 of them being Immune function related genes. Principal component analysis of the colon transcriptomes did not display a clear separation by colostrum feeding strategy and differential abundance analyses showed no significant difference in the expression of Immune related genes among the treatments. Additionally, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified 4 significant (|correlation| > 0.50 and p ≤ 0.05) gene modules consisting of 122 Immune related genes, which were positively or negatively correlated with the abundance of Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the colon. Transcriptome analysis indicates that the Development of the colonic mucosal Immune System in neonatal calves may be independent of the timing of initial colostrum meal within 12 h after birth. Our results also provide a molecular understanding of colonic biological function in neonatal calves and extends knowledge on how host gene expression profiles are associated with the abundance of specific bacterial groups in the colon.
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Transcriptome analysis reveals regional and temporal differences in mucosal Immune System Development in the small intestine of neonatal calves
BMC Genomics, 2016Co-Authors: Guanxiang Liang, Philip J. Griebel, Nilusha Malmuthuge, Hua Bao, Paul Stothard, Le Luo GuanAbstract:Background Postnatal Development of the mammalian mucosal Immune System is crucial for responding to the rapid colonization by commensal bacteria and possible exposure to pathogens. This study analyzed expression patterns for mRNAs and their relationship with microRNAs (miRNAs) in the bovine small intestine during the critical neonatal period (0 to 42 days). This analysis revealed molecular mechanisms regulating the postnatal Development of the intestinal mucosal Immune System. Results Small intestine samples (jejunum and ileum) were collected from newborn male, Holstein calves immediately post-partum ( n = 3) and at 7 ( n = 5), 21 ( n = 5), and 42 ( n = 5) days of age and the transcriptomes were profiled using RNA-Seq. When analyzing all time points collectively, greater expression of genes encoding the complement functional pathway, as well as lower expression of genes encoding Toll-like receptors and NOD-like receptors were observed in the jejunum when compared to the ileum. In addition, significant changes in the expression of Immune-related genes were detected within the first week post-partum in both jejunum and ileum. For example, increased expression of genes encoding tight junction proteins (claudin 1, claudin 4 and occludin), an antimicrobial peptide (Regenerating Islet-Derived 3-γ), NOD-like receptors (NACHT, LRR and PYD domain-containing protein 3), regulatory T cell marker (forkhead box P3), and both anti-inflammatory (interleukin 10) and pro-inflammatory (interleukin 8) cytokines was observed throughout the small intestine of 7-day-old calves when compared to newborn calves. Moreover, the expression of mucosal Immune-related genes were either positively or negatively correlated with total bacterial population depending on both intestinal region and age. The integrated analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs supported the conclusion that miRNAs may regulate temporal changes in the expression of genes encoding tight junction proteins (miR-335), cytokines (miR-335) and bacterial recognition (miR-100) during the first week of small intestine Development. Conclusion The rapid Development of transcriptional differences between jejunum and ileum reveal that these two intestinal regions make distinct contributions to the intestinal mucosal Immune System during the early neonatal period. In addition, transcriptome analysis indicates that the first week after birth is a very dynamic Developmental period for the intestinal mucosal Immune System and these changes may be regulated by both miRNAs and microbial colonization. Findings from this study indicate that a detailed analysis of both the abundance and diversity of the colonizing microbiome may be necessary to understand factors regulating the rapid Development of the mucosal Immune System during the first week of life.
Dale F. Denardo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of carotenoid supplementation on Immune System Development in juvenile male veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus).
Frontiers in zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Kristen L. Mccartney, Russell A. Ligon, Michael W. Butler, Dale F. Denardo, Kevin J. McgrawAbstract:Introduction Nutrient availability, assimilation, and allocation can have important and lasting effects on the Immune System Development of growing animals. Though carotenoid pigments have immunostimulatory properties in many animals, relatively little is known regarding how they influence the Immune System during Development. Moreover, studies linking carotenoids to health at any life stage have largely been restricted to birds and mammals. We investigated the effects of carotenoid supplementation on multiple aspects of immunity in juvenile veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus). We supplemented half of the chameleons with lutein (a xanthophyll carotenoid) for 14 weeks during Development and serially measured multiple aspects of Immune function, including: agglutination and lysis performance of plasma, wound healing, and plasma nitric oxide concentrations before and after wounding.
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The effect of carotenoid supplementation on Immune System Development in juvenile male veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Frontiers in Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Kristen L. Mccartney, Russell A. Ligon, Michael W. Butler, Dale F. Denardo, Kevin J. McgrawAbstract:Introduction Nutrient availability, assimilation, and allocation can have important and lasting effects on the Immune System Development of growing animals. Though carotenoid pigments have immunostimulatory properties in many animals, relatively little is known regarding how they influence the Immune System during Development. Moreover, studies linking carotenoids to health at any life stage have largely been restricted to birds and mammals. We investigated the effects of carotenoid supplementation on multiple aspects of immunity in juvenile veiled chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ). We supplemented half of the chameleons with lutein (a xanthophyll carotenoid) for 14 weeks during Development and serially measured multiple aspects of Immune function, including: agglutination and lysis performance of plasma, wound healing, and plasma nitric oxide concentrations before and after wounding. Results Though lutein supplementation effectively elevated circulating carotenoid concentrations throughout the Developmental period, we found no evidence that carotenoid repletion enhanced Immune function at any point. However, agglutination and lysis scores increased, while baseline nitric oxide levels decreased, as chameleons aged. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that body mass and age, but not carotenoid access, may play an important role in Immune performance of growing chameleons. Hence, studying well-understood physiological processes in novel taxa can provide new perspectives on alternative physiological processes and nutrient function.
