The Experts below are selected from a list of 31518 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kunihiro Fukui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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utilization of Incineration fly ash from biomass power plants for zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash by hydrothermal treatment
Fuel Processing Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Tomonori Fukasawa, Akira Horigome, Takayuki Tsu, Achmad Dwitama Karisma, Norio Maeda, Anni Huang, Kunihiro FukuiAbstract:Abstract In Japan, the quantity of Incineration fly ash discharged from biomass power plants has increased rapidly due to the feed-in tariff established by the Japanese government. The costs of disposing of this biomass Incineration ash are generally high; therefore, a method must be developed to utilize this by-product. In this context, we propose the syntheses of potassium-type zeolites (K-zeolites) from biomass Incineration ash and coal fly ash via a hydrothermal route, which represents a novel use for this material. As the aqueous solution extracted from biomass Incineration ash contains high concentrations of potassium, it was employed to substitute the KOH solution that is typically used in the synthesis of K-zeolites from coal fly ash. Consequently, we successfully synthesized a K-zeolite, containing phillipsite and chabazite phases, from coal fly ash using the extracted solution obtained from Incineration fly ash. The NH 4 + adsorption capacity of our synthesized K-zeolite was comparable to that of the K-zeolite synthesized using only KOH. We also confirmed that the prepared K-zeolite exhibited higher cesium adsorption selectivity than sodium-type zeolites, which are commonly produced industrially.
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performance of fuel cell using calcium phosphate hydrogel membrane prepared from waste Incineration fly ash and chicken bone powder
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Kunihiro Fukui, Naoki Arimitsu, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Kenji Jikihara, Hideto YoshidaAbstract:Abstract Waste Incineration fly ash and bone powder could be successfully recycled to calcium phosphate hydrogel, a type of fast proton conductor. The electric conductivity of the crystallized hydrogel from them was compared with that from calcium carbonate reagent. It was found that the conductivity of the hydrogel from bone powder is almost equal to that from calcium carbonate reagent, which is higher than that from Incineration fly ash. Because the crystallized hydrogel from Incineration ash has a lower crystallinity than that from bone powder and calcium carbonate reagent. However, the difference of the conductivity among them can be hardly observed above 100 °C. The fuel cell with membrane electrode assembly (MEA) using the calcium phosphate hydrogel membrane prepared from Incineration fly ash and bone powder was observed to generate electricity. The performance of fuel cells having the hydrogel membrane obtained from all raw materials increases with the cell temperature, and the fuel cell containing the hydrogel membrane from Incineration fly ash has the highest dependence of the fuel cell performance. For this reason, the difference in the cell performance among them can be hardly observed above 120 °C. This tendency agrees with the change in the electric conductivity with the temperature. Further, the performance of all fuel cells with the hydrogel membrane is superior to that of the fuel cell with perfluorosulfonic polymer membrane at temperatures greater than approximately 85 °C.
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synthesis of calcium phosphate hydrogel from waste Incineration fly ash and bone powder
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Kunihiro Fukui, Naoki Arimitsu, Satoshi Kidoguchi, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Hideto YoshidaAbstract:Abstract Waste Incineration fly ash and bone powder could be successfully recycled into calcium phosphate hydrogel, a type of fast proton conductor. Various properties of the intermediate and calcium phosphate hydrogel from them were characterized and compared with that from calcium carbonate reagent. It was found that the intermediate from the Incineration fly ash and calcium phosphate glass was more brittle than that from bone powder and calcium carbonate reagent. The electric conductivity of crystallized hydrogel obtained from all raw materials increases exponentially with temperature. However, the crystallized hydrogel from Incineration fly ash has lower electric conductivity and lower crystallinity than that from bone powder and the reagent. Moreover, the difference in electric conductivity between these crystallized hydrogels decreases with temperature. Compared with using the reagent as a raw material, bone powder provides a 25% reduction in the usage of H3PO4 to acquire the crystallized hydrogel which has the highest conductivity. These experimental results suggest that the Incineration fly ash and bone powder are useful calcium sources for the synthesis of calcium phosphate hydrogel.
Olivier Jolliet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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life cycle assessment of processes for the treatment of wastewater urban sludge energy and global warming analysis
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2005Co-Authors: G Houillon, Olivier JollietAbstract:Abstract This study compares six wastewater sludge treatment scenarios applied to a 300,000 equivalent-inhabitant (eq. inh) wastewater treatment plant: agricultural spreading, fluidised bed Incineration, wet oxidation, pyrolysis, Incineration in cement kilns and landfill. The study focuses on energy and emissions contributing to global warming over the whole treatment life cycle. As a result, avoided burdens by coproducts are very important in terms of energy consumption and pollutants’ emissions. The energy balance suggests that Incineration and agricultural spreading have the lowest non-renewable primary energy consumption. For global warming, Incineration in cement kilns has the best balance; landfill and agricultural spreading the worst. Results are now being extended to digested sludges and to impacts on human health and ecosystems.
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life cycle assessment of processes for the treatment of wastewater urban sludge energy and global warming analysis
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2005Co-Authors: G Houillon, Olivier JollietAbstract:This study compares six wastewater sludge treatment scenarios applied to a 300,000 equivalent-inhabitant (eq. inh) wastewater treatment plant: agricultural spreading, fluidised bed Incineration, wet oxidation, pyrolysis, Incineration in cement kilns and landfill. The study focuses on energy and emissions contributing to global warming over the whole treatment life cycle. As a result, avoided burdens by coproducts are very important in terms of energy consumption and pollutants' emissions. The energy balance suggests that Incineration and agricultural spreading have the lowest non-renewable primary energy consumption. For global warming, Incineration in cement kilns has the best balance; landfill and agricultural spreading the worst. Results are now being extended to digested sludges and to impacts on human health and ecosystems. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Hideto Yoshida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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performance of fuel cell using calcium phosphate hydrogel membrane prepared from waste Incineration fly ash and chicken bone powder
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Kunihiro Fukui, Naoki Arimitsu, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Kenji Jikihara, Hideto YoshidaAbstract:Abstract Waste Incineration fly ash and bone powder could be successfully recycled to calcium phosphate hydrogel, a type of fast proton conductor. The electric conductivity of the crystallized hydrogel from them was compared with that from calcium carbonate reagent. It was found that the conductivity of the hydrogel from bone powder is almost equal to that from calcium carbonate reagent, which is higher than that from Incineration fly ash. Because the crystallized hydrogel from Incineration ash has a lower crystallinity than that from bone powder and calcium carbonate reagent. However, the difference of the conductivity among them can be hardly observed above 100 °C. The fuel cell with membrane electrode assembly (MEA) using the calcium phosphate hydrogel membrane prepared from Incineration fly ash and bone powder was observed to generate electricity. The performance of fuel cells having the hydrogel membrane obtained from all raw materials increases with the cell temperature, and the fuel cell containing the hydrogel membrane from Incineration fly ash has the highest dependence of the fuel cell performance. For this reason, the difference in the cell performance among them can be hardly observed above 120 °C. This tendency agrees with the change in the electric conductivity with the temperature. Further, the performance of all fuel cells with the hydrogel membrane is superior to that of the fuel cell with perfluorosulfonic polymer membrane at temperatures greater than approximately 85 °C.
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synthesis of calcium phosphate hydrogel from waste Incineration fly ash and bone powder
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Kunihiro Fukui, Naoki Arimitsu, Satoshi Kidoguchi, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Hideto YoshidaAbstract:Abstract Waste Incineration fly ash and bone powder could be successfully recycled into calcium phosphate hydrogel, a type of fast proton conductor. Various properties of the intermediate and calcium phosphate hydrogel from them were characterized and compared with that from calcium carbonate reagent. It was found that the intermediate from the Incineration fly ash and calcium phosphate glass was more brittle than that from bone powder and calcium carbonate reagent. The electric conductivity of crystallized hydrogel obtained from all raw materials increases exponentially with temperature. However, the crystallized hydrogel from Incineration fly ash has lower electric conductivity and lower crystallinity than that from bone powder and the reagent. Moreover, the difference in electric conductivity between these crystallized hydrogels decreases with temperature. Compared with using the reagent as a raw material, bone powder provides a 25% reduction in the usage of H3PO4 to acquire the crystallized hydrogel which has the highest conductivity. These experimental results suggest that the Incineration fly ash and bone powder are useful calcium sources for the synthesis of calcium phosphate hydrogel.
J La Cour Jansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a life cycle approach to the management of household food waste a swedish full scale case study
Waste Management, 2011Co-Authors: Anna Bernstad, J La Cour JansenAbstract:Environmental impacts from Incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods - both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to Incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to Incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the Incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an Incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if Incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain. (Less)
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a life cycle approach to the management of household food waste a swedish full scale case study
Waste Management, 2011Co-Authors: Anna Bernstad, J La Cour JansenAbstract:Environmental impacts from Incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods - both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to Incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to Incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the Incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an Incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if Incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain.
Hefa Cheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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municipal solid waste msw Incineration fly ash as an important source of heavy metal pollution in china
Environmental Pollution, 2019Co-Authors: Ping Wang, Hefa ChengAbstract:Abstract Incineration has overtaken landfilling as the most important option for disposal of the increasing volumes of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in China. Accordingly, disposal of the Incineration fly ash, which is enriched with a range of heavy metals, has become a key challenge for the industry. This review analyzes the temporal and spatial trends in the distributions of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg in MSW Incineration fly ash between 2003 and 2017, and estimates the inventories of heavy metals associated with the fly ash and the average levels of heavy metals in Chinese MSW based on their mass flow during MSW Incineration. It was estimated that MSW incinerators in China released approximately 1.12 × 102, 2.96 × 103, 1.82 × 102, 3.64 × 104, 1.00 × 102, 7.32 × 103, 2.42 × 102, and 1.47 × 101 tonnes of Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, As, and Hg, respectively, with the fly ash in 2016. Due to the much greater fly ash generation rate, the incinerators based on circulating fluidized bed combustor (CFBC) technology released more heavy metals during Incineration of MSW compared to those based on grate furnace combustor (GFC) technology. Results of mass-flow modeling indicate that the geometric mean contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, As, and Hg in Chinese MSW were 3.0, 109, 101, 877, 34, 241, 21, and 1.7 mg/kg, respectively, which are comparable to those in the MSW from other countries. To protect the environment from the significant potential ecological risk posed by heavy metals in the mismanaged fly ash, strict regulation enforcement and compliance monitoring are necessary to reduce the heavy metal pollution brought by improper disposal of MSW Incineration fly ash, and more research and development efforts on advanced technologies for stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash and its environmentally sound reuse can help mitigate its environmental risk.
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the growing importance of waste to energy wte Incineration in china s anthropogenic mercury emissions emission inventories and reduction strategies
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018Co-Authors: Hefa Cheng, Shu TaoAbstract:Abstract Waste-to-energy (WTE) Incineration has been increasingly adopted for municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal in China, which already accounts for nearly 40% of the global installed capacity and electricity generation from WTE. This review identifies the growing importance of WTE Incineration as a source of anthropogenic mercury emissions in China, summarizes the mercury control practices at WTE facilities, estimates the inventories of mercury emissions from WTE and those after the implementation of the more stringent air emission standards, and recommends key measures to further reduce the mercury emissions from WTE industry in China. WTE Incineration in China was estimated to have a mean current mercury emission factor (EF) of 0.083 g/tonne (with 95% confidence intervals of 0.056–0.116 g/tonne) based on the mercury contents in MSW and the typical removal efficiencies of air pollution control devices (APCDs). The total mercury emissions from WTE Incineration were estimated to be around 6.1 tonnes in 2016, and were predicted to reach 10.6 tonnes by 2020 based on its fast growth. The recently adopted more stringent emission standard for mercury can help curb the growth in mercury emissions from WTE Incineration, while the gradual implementation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury is expected to contribute to significant reduction in the emissions of mercury from WTE Incineration in the long run. Current estimations for mercury emission inventories from WTE Incineration in China carry large uncertainty due to the overall scarcity of data. Thus, more work should be conducted to better monitor and quantify the mercury contents in MSW, and the mercury removal efficiencies of APCDs and the emission rates of mercury at WTE facilities. Meanwhile, China also needs to develop effective recycling and waste-sorting programs to divert the mercury-containing waste items from entering the incinerators and thus reduce the mercury emissions while promoting waste disposal by WTE.
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curbing dioxin emissions from municipal solid waste Incineration in china re thinking about management policies and practices
Environmental Pollution, 2010Co-Authors: Hefa ChengAbstract:As one of the countries with large amounts of dioxin releases, the control of dioxins is a major challenge for China. Municipal solid waste (MSW) Incineration should be considered a high priority source of dioxin emissions because it is playing an increasingly more important role in waste management. MSW Incineration in China has much higher emission rates of dioxins than in the developed countries, partially resulting from the gaps in the technologies of Incineration and flue gas cleaning. Moreover, the current management policies and practices also contribute significantly to the problem. We recommend lowering dioxin emission standard, strengthening fly ash management, and improving regulation enforcement to reduce dioxin releases into the environment from MSW Incineration. We also propose that alternative strategies should be considered on dioxin control and call for an expansion of economic instruments in waste management to reduce waste generation and thus the need for Incineration.
