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Robert D Mcbane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Individual Propensity for thrombosis comparison of venous and arterial circulations
    Thrombosis Research, 2008
    Co-Authors: Waldemar E Wysokinski, Krzysztof Karnicki, Robert D Mcbane
    Abstract:

    Abstract Introduction The pathogenesis of venous thrombosis has been attributed to complex interaction between environmental and inherited variables. A basal predisposition for venous thrombophilia independent of environmental variables has not been previously defined experimentally. Both to address the existence of an Individual Propensity to venous thrombosis and to establish an animal model in which variables governing this Propensity could be tested, we provoked venous thrombi in a cohort of pigs of uniform size and age. We furthermore sought to determine whether the thrombotic Propensity in the venous circulation is associated with similar Propensity for arterial thrombosis. Materials and methods Bilateral iliac venous stents were deployed and 2 h later, thrombi were harvested and weighed. The thrombotic response was compared to carotid arterial thrombi generated by crush injury within the same pig. Venous and arterial thrombus platelet deposition were measured by scintillation detection of autologous 111In-platelet content. Results In a cohort of 27 pigs, venous thrombus weights and platelet content varied over greater trrhan 10-fold range from least to greatest responders. There was strong intra-Individual correlation of thrombus platelet deposition (r = 0.86; p = 0.008) and thrombus weights (r = 0.68; p = 0.015) between stented iliac vein pairs. Venous thrombosis correlated with whole blood platelet counts but not carotid platelet-rich thrombus formation. Conclusions The wide variation in venous thrombotic response to a standardized injury appears to represent an intrinsic Propensity of the Individual. The poor correlation with arterial thrombosis implies unique mechanisms responsible for this Propensity in arteries and veins.

  • factors contributing to Individual Propensity for arterial thrombosis
    Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Krzysztof Karnicki, Whyte G Owen, Randall S Miller, Robert D Mcbane
    Abstract:

    Objective— Occurrence of arterial thrombosis secondary to vascular disease in an Individual is not easily predicted. After establishing that this poor predictability arises at least in part from an intrinsic thrombosis Propensity of the Individual, we sought to determine whether the Propensity for arterial thrombosis is governed by blood or arterial wall factors. Methods and Results— To evaluate the variability arising from the blood, autologous 111 In-labeled platelet deposition was measured after high-shear perfusion of compressed aortic strips, prepared from a single pig, with heparinized blood from 25 pigs. To evaluate the variability arising from the vessel wall, aortic strips from 8 pigs were superfused with blood from a single animal. Blood samples from 25 animals superfused over aortic substrate from a single source yielded a 24-fold range of platelet deposition. In contrast, when aortic substrates from 8 different animals were superfused with blood from a single animal, platelet deposition spanned a 3-fold range. Platelet deposition was significantly correlated with whole-blood lymphocyte counts and with platelet counts . Conclusions— Individual Propensity for arterial thrombosis in pigs is more greatly influenced by blood components than by elements within the arterial wall.

  • Individual Propensity for arterial thrombosis
    Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Waldemar E Wysokinski, Robert D Mcbane, Whyte G Owen
    Abstract:

    Arterial thrombophilia independent of vascular pathology has not been previously defined either experimentally or epidemiologically. To address the existence of an Individual Propensity to arterial thrombosis, we exploited a previously developed procedure entailing traumatic (crush) injury of paired porcine carotid arteries for generating platelet-rich thrombi. Porcine carotid arteries were injured bilaterally by serial hemostat crushes. Thrombus generation was monitored by local accumulation of autologous 111In-labeled platelets and Doppler blood flow. Within this cohort of animals of similar age and size, the lowest to the highest responders in thrombus mass spanned a 7-fold range, showing no correlation with shear, platelet or leukocyte count, or plasma concentrations of fibrinogen or von Willebrand factor. However, there was strong intra-Individual correlation (r2=0.80; P<0.001) of thrombus deposition between carotid artery pairs. The wide variation in thrombotic response to a standardized stimulus, not accounted for by shear stress or typical hematological variables, appears to be an intrinsic Propensity of the Individual. The experimental system for thrombus generation is sufficiently quantitative for assessment of variables determining this Propensity.

Deseada Parejo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • melanism influences the use of social information in a polymorphic owl
    Scientific Reports, 2020
    Co-Authors: Deseada Parejo, Jesus M Aviles
    Abstract:

    Social information use has well-known fitness benefits. However, causes underlying the apparent inter-Individual variability in the Propensity to use social information are poorly studied. Melanins are pigments responsible for most of intra-specific color variation in vertebrates and their variation is often associated with changes in behaviour. Here, we explored whether melanism is related to Individual Propensity to use social information in the color polymorphic scops owl Otus scops. We manipulated social information on predation risk at nests by broadcasting calls of the sympatric little owl Athene noctua and found that owlets of brownish females exposed to alarm calls had lower levels of natural antibodies than those of greyish females. In parallel, we found changes in parental behaviour contingent on coloration because when exposed to the risky treatment brownish females returned earlier to nests than greyish females and owlets raised by brownish females were fed with smaller prey than those raised by greyish ones. These results provide support for a previous ignored role of melanins on the Propensity to use social information, which may help to explain the maintenance of melanin-based color polymorphisms wherever social environments are variable.

Whyte G Owen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • factors contributing to Individual Propensity for arterial thrombosis
    Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Krzysztof Karnicki, Whyte G Owen, Randall S Miller, Robert D Mcbane
    Abstract:

    Objective— Occurrence of arterial thrombosis secondary to vascular disease in an Individual is not easily predicted. After establishing that this poor predictability arises at least in part from an intrinsic thrombosis Propensity of the Individual, we sought to determine whether the Propensity for arterial thrombosis is governed by blood or arterial wall factors. Methods and Results— To evaluate the variability arising from the blood, autologous 111 In-labeled platelet deposition was measured after high-shear perfusion of compressed aortic strips, prepared from a single pig, with heparinized blood from 25 pigs. To evaluate the variability arising from the vessel wall, aortic strips from 8 pigs were superfused with blood from a single animal. Blood samples from 25 animals superfused over aortic substrate from a single source yielded a 24-fold range of platelet deposition. In contrast, when aortic substrates from 8 different animals were superfused with blood from a single animal, platelet deposition spanned a 3-fold range. Platelet deposition was significantly correlated with whole-blood lymphocyte counts and with platelet counts . Conclusions— Individual Propensity for arterial thrombosis in pigs is more greatly influenced by blood components than by elements within the arterial wall.

  • Individual Propensity for arterial thrombosis
    Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Waldemar E Wysokinski, Robert D Mcbane, Whyte G Owen
    Abstract:

    Arterial thrombophilia independent of vascular pathology has not been previously defined either experimentally or epidemiologically. To address the existence of an Individual Propensity to arterial thrombosis, we exploited a previously developed procedure entailing traumatic (crush) injury of paired porcine carotid arteries for generating platelet-rich thrombi. Porcine carotid arteries were injured bilaterally by serial hemostat crushes. Thrombus generation was monitored by local accumulation of autologous 111In-labeled platelets and Doppler blood flow. Within this cohort of animals of similar age and size, the lowest to the highest responders in thrombus mass spanned a 7-fold range, showing no correlation with shear, platelet or leukocyte count, or plasma concentrations of fibrinogen or von Willebrand factor. However, there was strong intra-Individual correlation (r2=0.80; P<0.001) of thrombus deposition between carotid artery pairs. The wide variation in thrombotic response to a standardized stimulus, not accounted for by shear stress or typical hematological variables, appears to be an intrinsic Propensity of the Individual. The experimental system for thrombus generation is sufficiently quantitative for assessment of variables determining this Propensity.

Jesus M Aviles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • melanism influences the use of social information in a polymorphic owl
    Scientific Reports, 2020
    Co-Authors: Deseada Parejo, Jesus M Aviles
    Abstract:

    Social information use has well-known fitness benefits. However, causes underlying the apparent inter-Individual variability in the Propensity to use social information are poorly studied. Melanins are pigments responsible for most of intra-specific color variation in vertebrates and their variation is often associated with changes in behaviour. Here, we explored whether melanism is related to Individual Propensity to use social information in the color polymorphic scops owl Otus scops. We manipulated social information on predation risk at nests by broadcasting calls of the sympatric little owl Athene noctua and found that owlets of brownish females exposed to alarm calls had lower levels of natural antibodies than those of greyish females. In parallel, we found changes in parental behaviour contingent on coloration because when exposed to the risky treatment brownish females returned earlier to nests than greyish females and owlets raised by brownish females were fed with smaller prey than those raised by greyish ones. These results provide support for a previous ignored role of melanins on the Propensity to use social information, which may help to explain the maintenance of melanin-based color polymorphisms wherever social environments are variable.

Waldemar E Wysokinski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Individual Propensity for thrombosis comparison of venous and arterial circulations
    Thrombosis Research, 2008
    Co-Authors: Waldemar E Wysokinski, Krzysztof Karnicki, Robert D Mcbane
    Abstract:

    Abstract Introduction The pathogenesis of venous thrombosis has been attributed to complex interaction between environmental and inherited variables. A basal predisposition for venous thrombophilia independent of environmental variables has not been previously defined experimentally. Both to address the existence of an Individual Propensity to venous thrombosis and to establish an animal model in which variables governing this Propensity could be tested, we provoked venous thrombi in a cohort of pigs of uniform size and age. We furthermore sought to determine whether the thrombotic Propensity in the venous circulation is associated with similar Propensity for arterial thrombosis. Materials and methods Bilateral iliac venous stents were deployed and 2 h later, thrombi were harvested and weighed. The thrombotic response was compared to carotid arterial thrombi generated by crush injury within the same pig. Venous and arterial thrombus platelet deposition were measured by scintillation detection of autologous 111In-platelet content. Results In a cohort of 27 pigs, venous thrombus weights and platelet content varied over greater trrhan 10-fold range from least to greatest responders. There was strong intra-Individual correlation of thrombus platelet deposition (r = 0.86; p = 0.008) and thrombus weights (r = 0.68; p = 0.015) between stented iliac vein pairs. Venous thrombosis correlated with whole blood platelet counts but not carotid platelet-rich thrombus formation. Conclusions The wide variation in venous thrombotic response to a standardized injury appears to represent an intrinsic Propensity of the Individual. The poor correlation with arterial thrombosis implies unique mechanisms responsible for this Propensity in arteries and veins.

  • Individual Propensity for arterial thrombosis
    Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Waldemar E Wysokinski, Robert D Mcbane, Whyte G Owen
    Abstract:

    Arterial thrombophilia independent of vascular pathology has not been previously defined either experimentally or epidemiologically. To address the existence of an Individual Propensity to arterial thrombosis, we exploited a previously developed procedure entailing traumatic (crush) injury of paired porcine carotid arteries for generating platelet-rich thrombi. Porcine carotid arteries were injured bilaterally by serial hemostat crushes. Thrombus generation was monitored by local accumulation of autologous 111In-labeled platelets and Doppler blood flow. Within this cohort of animals of similar age and size, the lowest to the highest responders in thrombus mass spanned a 7-fold range, showing no correlation with shear, platelet or leukocyte count, or plasma concentrations of fibrinogen or von Willebrand factor. However, there was strong intra-Individual correlation (r2=0.80; P<0.001) of thrombus deposition between carotid artery pairs. The wide variation in thrombotic response to a standardized stimulus, not accounted for by shear stress or typical hematological variables, appears to be an intrinsic Propensity of the Individual. The experimental system for thrombus generation is sufficiently quantitative for assessment of variables determining this Propensity.