The Experts below are selected from a list of 330 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Isabella Annesi-maesano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Indoor air Pollution and childhood asthma: variations between urban and rural areas.
Indoor Air, 2010Co-Authors: M. Hulin, Isabella Annesi-maesanoAbstract:Health effects of Indoor Pollution have been investigated overall in urban areas. To compare the potential effect of home air pollutants on asthma in urban and rural houses, two case-control populations, composed of children living in the city (32 asthmatics and 31 controls) and in the countryside (24 asthmatics and 27 controls) were included. During 1 week, nitrogen dioxide, fine particles, and volatile organic compounds (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) were assessed at home. Urban dwellings were found to be more polluted than rural ones, with concentrations up to two times higher. In the whole population, exposure to acetaldehyde and toluene was significantly associated with a higher risk of asthma. In the urban population, the association with toluene was significant in children studied during winter, and with toluene, xylenes, and ethylbenzene when cases were restricted to current asthmatics. In rural settings, a relationship between asthma and formaldehyde exposure was observed (OR = 10.7; 95% CI 1.69-67.61). Our findings suggest that daily continuous exposures to pollutants may be implicated in asthma, even in the case of low exposure, as those found in rural areas. Our results could also indicate a specific effect of Indoor Pollution in the rural environment. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Everyday exposure to Indoor Pollution was associated with a higher risk of childhood asthma. These findings suggest that even at low concentrations, pollutants could be implicated in asthma and reinforce the importance of establishing guideline values to improve Indoor air quality by limiting sources or by optimizing ventilation. Specific effects could occur in rural environments where Pollution differs from urban area.
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Indoor air Pollution and airway disease.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2004Co-Authors: G. Viegi, M. Simoni, A. Scognamiglio, S. Baldacci, F. Pistelli, L. Carrozzi, Isabella Annesi-maesanoAbstract:Scientific interest in Indoor Pollution has been increasing since the second half of the 1980s. Growing scientific evidence has shown that because people generally spend the majority of their time Indoors, Indoor Pollution plays a significant role in affecting health and is thus an important health issue. Indoor environments include dwellings, workplaces, schools and day care centres, bars, discotheques and vehicles. Common Indoor pollutants are environmental tobacco smoke, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds and biological allergens. In developing countries, relevant sources of Indoor Pollution include biomass and coal burning for cooking and heating. Concentrations of these pollutants can be many times higher Indoors than outdoors. Indoor air Pollution may increase the risk of irritation phenomena, allergic sensitisation, acute and chronic respiratory disorders and lung function impairment. Recent conservative estimates have shown that 1.5-2 million deaths per year worldwide could be attributed to Indoor air Pollution. Approximately 1 million of these deaths occur in children aged under 5 years due to acute respiratory infections, and significant proportions of deaths occur due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer in women. Today, Indoor air Pollution ranks tenth among preventable risk factors contributing to the global burden of disease. Further research is necessary to better evaluate the respiratory health effects of Indoor Pollution and to implement protective programmes for public health.
Yasuhiro Takeuchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparison of Indoor air pollutants in japan and sweden formaldehyde nitrogen dioxide and chlorinated volatile organic compounds
Environmental Research, 2004Co-Authors: Kiyoshi Sakai, Dan Norback, Eiji Shibata, Michihiro Kamijima, Tetsuya Yamada, Yasuhiro TakeuchiAbstract:Indoor and outdoor concentrations of formaldehyde (HCHO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and selected chlorinated volatile organic compounds (chlorinated VOC) were measured in 37 urban dwellings in Nagoya, Japan, and 27 urban dwellings in Uppsala, Sweden, using the same sampling procedures and analytical methods. Indoor as well as outdoor air concentrations of HCHO, NO2, and chlorinated VOC were significantly higher in Nagoya than in Uppsala (P<0.01), with the exception of tetrachlorocarbon in outdoor air. In Nagoya, HCHO and NO2 concentrations were significantly higher in modern concrete houses than in wooden houses and higher in newer (less than 10 years) than in older dwellings (P<0.01), possibly due to less natural ventilation and more emission sources in modern buildings. Dwellings heated with unvented combustion sources had significantly higher Indoor concentrations of NO2 than those with clean heating (P<0.05). Moreover, dwellings with moth repellents containing p-dichlorobenzene had significantly higher Indoor concentrations of p-dichlorobenzene (P<0.01). In conclusion, there appear to be differences between Nagoya and Uppsala with respect to both Indoor and outdoor Pollution levels of the measured pollutants. More Indoor Pollution sources could be identified in Nagoya than in Uppsala, including construction and interior materials emitting VOC, use of unvented combustion space heaters, and moth repellents containing p-dichlorobenzene.
Arnit Masih - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Indoor air quality of houses located in the urban environment of agra india
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2008Co-Authors: Ajay Taneja, Renuka Saini, Arnit MasihAbstract:Increased concern over the adverse health effects of air Pollution has highlighted the need for air-Pollution measurements, especially in urban areas, where many sources of air pollutants are normally monitored outdoors as part of obligations under the National Air Quality Strategies. Very little is known about air Pollution Indoors. In fact, the largest exposure to health-damaging Indoor Pollution probably occurs in the developing world, not in households, schools, and offices of developed countries where most research and control efforts have been focused to date. As a result much of the health impacts from air Pollution worldwide seem to occur among the poorest and most vulnerable populations. The authors in their earlier studies have confirmed the importance of ambient air in determining the quality of air Indoors. In this study an observation of air quality Indoors and outdoors of domestic homes located in an urban environment from October 2004 to December 2005 in Agra, north central India, is performed. The purpose of this study was to characterize the Indoor/outdoor (I/O) relationship of airborne pollutants and recognize their probable source in all three seasons, that is, winter, summer, and rainy season. Concentrations of SO(2), NO(2), CO(2), Cl(2), H(2)S, NH(3), RSPM, and PAH were monitored simultaneously and I/O ratios were calculated. In order to investigate the effect of seasonality on Indoor and ambient air quality, winter to summer and winter to monsoon average ratios were calculated. It is apparent that there is a general pattern of increasing levels from monsoon to summer to winter, and similarly from outdoor to Indoor air. Regressions analysis had been done to further investigate the influence of outdoor air-pollutant concentrations on Indoor concentrations. The most probable categories of sources for these pollutants have been identified by using principal-component analysis. Indoor air Pollution is a complex function of energy housing and behavioral factors. On the basis of this study and observations, some interventions are also suggested.
Isabella Annesimaesano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Indoor air Pollution physical and comfort parameters related to schoolchildren s health data from the european sinphonie study
Science of The Total Environment, 2020Co-Authors: Ramen Munir Baloch, Isabella Annesimaesano, Cara Nichole Maesano, Jens Christoffersen, Soutrik Banerjee, Marta Fonseca Gabriel, Eva Csobod, Eduardo De Oliveira Fernandes, Peter Szuppinger, Reka ProkaiAbstract:Abstract Substantial knowledge is available on the association of the Indoor school environment and its effect among schoolchildren. In the same context, the SINPHONIE (School Indoor Pollution and health: Observatory network in Europe) conducted a study to collect data and determine the distribution of several Indoor air pollutants (IAPs), physical and thermal parameters and their association with eye, skin, upper-, lower respiratory and systemic disorder symptoms during the previous three months. Finally, data from 115 schools in 54 European cities from 23 countries were collected and included 5175 schoolchildren using a harmonized and standardized protocol. The association between exposures and the health outcomes were examined using logistic regression models on the environmental stressors assessed in classroom while adjusting for several confounding factors; a VOC (volatile organic compound) score defined as the sum of the number of pollutants to which the children were highly exposed (concentration > median of the distribution) in classroom was also introduced to evaluate the multiexposure – outcome association. Schoolchildren while adjusting for several confounding factors. Schoolchildren exposed to above or equal median concentration of PM2.5, benzene, limonene, ozone and radon were at significantly higher odds of suffering from upper, lower airways, eye and systemic disorders. Increased odds were also observed for any symptom (sick school syndrome) among schoolchildren exposed to concentrations of limonene and ozone above median values. Furthermore, the risks for upper and lower airways and systemic disorders significantly increased with the VOCs score. Results also showed that increased ventilation rate was significantly associated with decreased odds of suffering from eye and skin disorders whereas similar association was observed between temperature and upper airways symptoms. The present study provides evidence that exposure to IAPs in schools is associated with various health problems in children. Further investigations are needed to confirm our findings.
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estimating the health effects of exposure to multi pollutant mixture
Annals of Epidemiology, 2012Co-Authors: Cecile Billionnet, Duane L Sherrill, Isabella AnnesimaesanoAbstract:Purpose Air Pollution constitutes a major public health concern because of its ubiquity and of its potential health impact. Because individuals are exposed to many air pollutants at once that are highly correlated with each other, there is a need to consider the multi-pollutant exposure phenomenon. The characteristics of multiple pollutants that make statistical analysis of health-related effects of air Pollution complex include the high correlation between pollutants prevents the use of standard statistical methods, the potential existence of interaction between pollutants, the common measurement errors, the importance of the number of pollutants to consider, and the potential nonlinear relationship between exposure and health. Methods We made a review of statistical methods either used in the literature to study the effect of multiple pollutants or identified as potentially applicable to this problem. We reported the results of investigations that applied such methods. Results Eighteen publications have investigated the multi-pollutant effects, 5 on Indoor Pollution, 10 on outdoor Pollution, and 3 on statistical methodology with application on outdoor Pollution. Some other publications have only addressed statistical methodology. Conclusions The use of Hierarchical Bayesian approach, dimension reduction methods, clustering, recursive partitioning, and logic regression are some potential methods described. Methods that provide figures for risk assessments should be put forward in public health decisions.
Santino Orecchio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs in Indoor dust matter of palermo italy area extraction gc ms analysis distribution and sources
Atmospheric Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Maria Rosaria Mannino, Santino OrecchioAbstract:Abstract Studies on Indoor Pollution are important since people spend more than 80% of their time Indoor environments. In this work the method for PAHs analysis in Indoor dust (used as passive sampler) and the results relative to samples collected in the area of Palermo are reported. Dust samples for analysis were collected from 45 Indoor environments. Total PAHs concentrations in Indoor dusts ranged from 36 to 34 453 μg kg −1 d.w. To correlate Indoor and outdoor Pollution we analyze, also, the particulate matter and PAHs levels samples collected in four stations. The percentage measured in Indoor dusts results more low than that found outside. The values of isomeric ratios for the different samples were used to individuate the predominant PAHs sources.
