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Ion I Mirita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quadri dimensional interpretation of syllogistic Inferential Process in polyvalent logic with a view to structuring concepts and assertions for realizing the universal knowledge basis
Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, 1998Co-Authors: Ion I MiritaAbstract:Modelling syllogistic — Inferential Processes in polyvalent logic by diachronic syllogistic structures, we realise their QUADRI DIMENSIONAL interpretation, in the paper, by relational — objectual — propertational chains convergent in diachronic spaces. Aristotle considered the definition the motor nerve of syllogistic deduction, the medium term being a definition. Leibnitz conceived the definition as the beginning and end of any demonstration, a demonstration being nothing but a chain of definition. The concept of structure, implying a topological relational approach designates the necessary relations between the elements of a system, invariant and independent of the elements, therefore formalizable the structure constituting an abstract model capable of making the rules, governing the transformations, rationally intelligible. Structuring the concepts and the assertions of scientific theories according to the rules of syllogistic definability and deductibility systems are obtained, which underlie the realization of the Universal Knowledge Basis.
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IEA/AIE (Vol. 1) - Quadri-Dimensional Interpretation of Syllogistic Inferential Process in Polyvalent Logic, With a View to Structuring Concepts and Assertions for Realizing the Universal Knowledge Basis
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1998Co-Authors: Ion I MiritaAbstract:Modelling syllogistic — Inferential Processes in polyvalent logic by diachronic syllogistic structures, we realise their QUADRI DIMENSIONAL interpretation, in the paper, by relational — objectual — propertational chains convergent in diachronic spaces. Aristotle considered the definition the motor nerve of syllogistic deduction, the medium term being a definition. Leibnitz conceived the definition as the beginning and end of any demonstration, a demonstration being nothing but a chain of definition. The concept of structure, implying a topological relational approach designates the necessary relations between the elements of a system, invariant and independent of the elements, therefore formalizable the structure constituting an abstract model capable of making the rules, governing the transformations, rationally intelligible. Structuring the concepts and the assertions of scientific theories according to the rules of syllogistic definability and deductibility systems are obtained, which underlie the realization of the Universal Knowledge Basis.
Rebecca Fincher-kiefer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of predictive inferences in situation model construction
Discourse Processes, 1993Co-Authors: Rebecca Fincher-kieferAbstract:Current theories of discourse comprehension assert that understanding entails the construction of a multilevel representation of text, which would include a surface structure code, a propositional textbase, and a situation model. The component Processes used to generate the surface code and the propositional representation have been specified, yet the Processes used in the generation of the situation model have not been identified. These experiments investigated the hypothesis that one of the Processes used in situation model development is an Inferential Process in which the reader strategically employs knowledge to form expectations when highly predictive text opportunities arise. Data from a word recognition task demonstrated that predictions are not encoded into a reader's propositional representation during reading. However, the results from word prediction and lexical decision experiments suggested that predictions are available to the reader at a more abstract level of representation—the situation ...
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The role of prior knowledge in Inferential Processing
Journal of Research in Reading, 1992Co-Authors: Rebecca Fincher-kieferAbstract:The present research tested how domain-related knowledge influences inference generation during text comprehension. Two types of inference were examined, those that maintained referential coherence, referred to as local inferences, and those that were anticipatory in nature, referred to as global inferences. Three groups of subjects, each with differing degrees of domain knowledge, read a domain-related text that included both types of inference. It was found that all knowledge groups Processed sentences involved in local inferences similarly, presumably because establishing text coherence is essential to comprehension. However, knowledge differences emerged in the Processing of the sentences involved in global inferences. The results of two experiments suggested that individuals with prior knowledge used their knowledge actively to generate global inferences during reading. It was argued that this anticipatory Inferential Process guides the construction of a mental model of a text, built partly with explicit information and partly with existing knowledge.
John F. Macgregor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of Inferential Process models using PLS
Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1994Co-Authors: J.v. Kresta, Thomas E. Marlin, John F. MacgregorAbstract:Abstract Inferential variables are often used in Process industries in place of direct on-line measurement of controlled variables where direct measurement is expensive, unreliable or adds significant delay. Simplified fundamental models are often not available for Inferential control; therefore, empirical models must be used. The procedures currently used for building empirical Inferential models are based on standard statistical methods and are generally limited to only a few preselected variables. This work investigates the use of a multivariate regression method, Partial Least Squares or Projection to Latent Structures (PLS). It is shown that PLS provides a general method for building Inferential models when one has data on a large number of Process variables and when these variables are highly correlated with one another. By not overfitting the data PLS provides models with good predictive power, and through its very efficient handling of missing data, it provides Inferential models that are extremely robust to sensor failure. Since empirical models are usually developed directly from Process data, the nature of the data set is extremely important. The data set must capture typical variation in all input variables and Process disturbances. Furthermore, the data collection must be designed according to the end use intended for the model. If the model is to be used in an Inferential control scheme, then it is shown that open-loop Process data cannot usually be used. Rather, it is important that the data be collected under a feedback scheme that resembles the final scheme as closely as possible. Two case studies from distillation column control are used to demonstrate the general development of Inferential models via PLS, and to illustrate these points.
Iddo Tavory - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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theory construction in qualitative research from grounded theory to abductive analysis
Sociological Theory, 2012Co-Authors: Stefan Timmermans, Iddo TavoryAbstract:A critical pathway for conceptual innovation in the social is the construction of theoretical ideas based on empirical data. Grounded theory has become a leading approach promising the construction of novel theories. Yet grounded theory–based theoretical innovation has been scarce in part because of its commitment to let theories emerge inductively rather than imposing analytic frameworks a priori. We note, along with a long philosophical tradition, that induction does not logically lead to novel theoretical insights. Drawing from the theory of inference, meaning, and action of pragmatist philosopher Charles S. Peirce, we argue that abduction, rather than induction, should be the guiding principle of empirically based theory construction. Abduction refers to a creative Inferential Process aimed at producing new hypotheses and theories based on surprising research evidence. We propose that abductive analysis arises from actors’ social and intellectual positions but can be further aided by careful methodolo...
Thomas L. Spalding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Inferential Processing and Meta-Knowledge as the Bases for Property Inclusion in Combined Concepts.
Journal of Memory and Language, 2011Co-Authors: Christina L. Gagné, Thomas L. SpaldingAbstract:Abstract Past research has found that the judged likelihood of properties of modified nouns (baby ducks have webbed feet) is reduced relative to unmodified nouns (ducks have webbed feet). Experiments 1–3 replicate the modification effect and demonstrate that this effect is obtained when participants make dichotomous decisions about the truth of such statements. In addition, measures of Processing time indicate that properties are not immediately inherited during the composition Process, but rather must be inferred. Experiments 2–3 included statements containing content-free modifiers (chonk ducks have webbed feet) to examine the extent to which the modification effect is influenced by the content of the modifier and knowledge about the combined concepts. Taken together, these results argue in favor of an Inferential Process that operates at the level of logical forms or structures, which are content-free, as well as operating on the content of the head noun category. In this framework, properties are inferred after a structural interpretation has been derived.
