The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lizabeth Roemer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relationships between amount of post-intervention mindfulness Practice and follow-up outcome variables in an acceptance-based behavior therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The importance of Informal Practice
Journal of contextual behavioral science, 2014Co-Authors: Lucas P.k. Morgan, Jessica R. Graham, Sarah A. Hayes-skelton, Susan M. Orsillo, Lizabeth RoemerAbstract:Abstract Because most behavioral treatments are time-limited, skills and Practices that foster long-term maintenance of gains made during treatment are of critical importance. While some studies have found mindfulness Practice to be associated with improvements in outcome variables over the course of treatment ( Vettese, Toneatto, Stea, Nguyen, & Wang, 2009 ), very little is known about the effects of continued mindfulness Practice following treatment termination. The current study examined the relationships between separate single item measurements of three types of mindfulness Practices (formal, Informal, and mindfulness of breath in daily life) and long-term outcomes in worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life following treatment with an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in two separate treatment studies. Results from Study 1 showed that at 9-month follow-up, amount of Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life. Similarly, in Study 2, at 6-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for anxiety severity and worry, and at 12-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for quality of life and worry, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to quality of life. When results from the final time point in both studies were combined, Informal Practice was significant related to all three outcome variables, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to worry and quality of life. Formal Practice was not significantly related to outcomes in either study, or in the combined sample. These findings support the further study of Informal mindfulness Practices as important tools for continued beneficial clinical outcomes following treatment for people with a principal diagnosis of GAD.
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relationships between amount of post intervention of mindfulness Practice and follow up outcome variables in an acceptance based behavior therapy for generalized anxiety disorder the importance of Informal Practice
Journal of contextual behavioral science, 2014Co-Authors: Lucas P.k. Morgan, Jessica R. Graham, Susan M. Orsillo, Sarah A Hayesskelton, Lizabeth RoemerAbstract:Because most behavioral treatments are time-limited, skills and Practices that foster long-term maintenance of gains made during treatment are of critical importance. While some studies have found mindfulness Practice to be associated with improvements in outcome variables over the course of treatment (Vettese et al., 2009), very little is known about the effects of continued mindfulness Practice following treatment termination. The current study examined the relationships between separate single item measurements of three types of mindfulness Practices (formal, Informal, and mindfulness of breath in daily life) and longer-term outcomes in worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life following treatment with an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in two separate treatment studies. Results from Study 1 showed that at 9-month follow-up, amount of Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life. Similarly, in Study 2, at 6-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for anxiety severity and worry, and at 12-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for quality of life and worry, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to quality of life. When results from the final time point in both studies were combined, Informal Practice was significant related to all three outcome variables, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to worry and quality of life. Formal Practice was not significantly related to outcomes in either study, or in the combined sample. These findings support the further study of Informal mindfulness Practices as important tools for continued beneficial clinical outcomes following treatment for people with a principal diagnosis of GAD.
Bruce Barrett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mindfulness Practice and stress following mindfulness based stress reduction examining within person and between person associations with latent curve modeling
Mindfulness, 2019Co-Authors: Andrew S. Mcclintock, Aleksandra Zgierska, Roger L. Brown, Bruce BarrettAbstract:Past studies have documented links between mindfulness Practice and stress-related outcomes, but these links have typically been found over the course of treatment and at the between-person level of analysis. Building on past work, the present study aimed to evaluate Practice-stress associations after treatment and at the within-person and between-person levels. We drew extant data collected from 138 community-recruited adults who had received a standard, 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) course and were asked to record formal and Informal mindfulness Practice time daily and complete a self-report measure of stress every 2 months over a 6-month follow-up period. Latent curve modeling was used to test the within-person and between-person components of the relation between Practice and stress over the follow-up period. Results indicated that, at the within-person level, formal Practice time from 2 to 4 months after treatment significantly predicted stress levels 4 months after treatment, and formal and Informal Practice time from 4 to 6 months after treatment significantly predicted stress levels 6 month after treatment. At the between-person level, formal and Informal Practice times were not significantly related to stress levels over the follow-up period. Overall, the present findings highlight the potential importance of post-intervention Practice and suggest that higher Practice engagement 2 to 6 months after MBSR training predicts lower levels of subsequent stress. Results are discussed in the context of mindfulness theory and MBSR training curriculum.
David D. Maron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Comparison of Formal and Informal Mindfulness Programs for Stress Reduction in University Students
Mindfulness, 2014Co-Authors: Robert K. Hindman, Carol R. Glass, Diane B. Arnkoff, David D. MaronAbstract:Undergraduate and graduate students show elevated levels of stress and could thus benefit from mindfulness interventions, but the best way to teach mindfulness has not been established. The present study compared a stress management program that used formal meditations and Informal Practice (Mindful Stress Management; MSM) to one that used brief mindfulness exercises and Informal Practice (Mindful Stress Management-Informal; MSM-I), and a wait-list control. MSM participants exhibited significant within-group changes on all measures, and when compared to the wait-list control, greater levels of mindfulness, decentering, and self-compassion, as well as lower stress. Students in MSM-I had significant within-group changes on a subset of measures, and greater mindfulness and self-compassion compared to the wait-list. MSM participants showed more improvement in self-compassion, psychological inflexibility, and stress than did those in MSM-I. Mediational analyses found increases in one facet of mindfulness and self-compassion, and decreases in worry mediated reductions in stress for MSM participants, while no mediator reached significance for MSM-I. Finally, no significant relation between amount of formal meditation and Informal Practice and reductions in psychological distress or increases in mindfulness was found. Results suggest that a program with formal meditations and Informal Practice may be a more promising intervention for university student stress than one with brief mindfulness exercises and Informal Practice.
Lucas P.k. Morgan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relationships between amount of post-intervention mindfulness Practice and follow-up outcome variables in an acceptance-based behavior therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The importance of Informal Practice
Journal of contextual behavioral science, 2014Co-Authors: Lucas P.k. Morgan, Jessica R. Graham, Sarah A. Hayes-skelton, Susan M. Orsillo, Lizabeth RoemerAbstract:Abstract Because most behavioral treatments are time-limited, skills and Practices that foster long-term maintenance of gains made during treatment are of critical importance. While some studies have found mindfulness Practice to be associated with improvements in outcome variables over the course of treatment ( Vettese, Toneatto, Stea, Nguyen, & Wang, 2009 ), very little is known about the effects of continued mindfulness Practice following treatment termination. The current study examined the relationships between separate single item measurements of three types of mindfulness Practices (formal, Informal, and mindfulness of breath in daily life) and long-term outcomes in worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life following treatment with an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in two separate treatment studies. Results from Study 1 showed that at 9-month follow-up, amount of Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life. Similarly, in Study 2, at 6-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for anxiety severity and worry, and at 12-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for quality of life and worry, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to quality of life. When results from the final time point in both studies were combined, Informal Practice was significant related to all three outcome variables, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to worry and quality of life. Formal Practice was not significantly related to outcomes in either study, or in the combined sample. These findings support the further study of Informal mindfulness Practices as important tools for continued beneficial clinical outcomes following treatment for people with a principal diagnosis of GAD.
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relationships between amount of post intervention of mindfulness Practice and follow up outcome variables in an acceptance based behavior therapy for generalized anxiety disorder the importance of Informal Practice
Journal of contextual behavioral science, 2014Co-Authors: Lucas P.k. Morgan, Jessica R. Graham, Susan M. Orsillo, Sarah A Hayesskelton, Lizabeth RoemerAbstract:Because most behavioral treatments are time-limited, skills and Practices that foster long-term maintenance of gains made during treatment are of critical importance. While some studies have found mindfulness Practice to be associated with improvements in outcome variables over the course of treatment (Vettese et al., 2009), very little is known about the effects of continued mindfulness Practice following treatment termination. The current study examined the relationships between separate single item measurements of three types of mindfulness Practices (formal, Informal, and mindfulness of breath in daily life) and longer-term outcomes in worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life following treatment with an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in two separate treatment studies. Results from Study 1 showed that at 9-month follow-up, amount of Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for worry, clinician-rated anxiety severity, and quality of life. Similarly, in Study 2, at 6-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for anxiety severity and worry, and at 12-month follow-up Informal mindfulness Practice was significantly related to continued beneficial outcomes for quality of life and worry, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to quality of life. When results from the final time point in both studies were combined, Informal Practice was significant related to all three outcome variables, and mindfulness of breath was significantly related to worry and quality of life. Formal Practice was not significantly related to outcomes in either study, or in the combined sample. These findings support the further study of Informal mindfulness Practices as important tools for continued beneficial clinical outcomes following treatment for people with a principal diagnosis of GAD.
Chris J Enstad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mindfulness based stress reduction for family caregivers a randomized controlled trial
Gerontologist, 2013Co-Authors: Robin R Whitebird, Mary Jo Kreitzer, Lauren A Crain, Beth A Lewis, Leah R Hanson, Chris J EnstadAbstract:Few tasks are more challenging than caring for a family member with dementia. Dementia is a progressive disorder leading to perceptual and cognitive decline that result in increased impairment, behavioral changes, and inability to function independently. Eventually, people with dementia require round-the-clock care—most often from family caregivers (Alzheimer’s Association, 2012). Caregiving is associated with a host of problems, including poor physical health leading to increased mortality, compromised immune function, emotional issues, social isolation, and mental health concerns such as depression and anxiety (Aschbacher et al., 2006; Ferrara et al., 2008; Pinquart & Sorensen, 2007; Schulz & Martire, 2004) The resulting chronic stress has significant deleterious effects on caregiver health and well-being (Kiecolt-Glaser et al., 2003; Schulz & Martire, 2004; Sorensen, Duberstein, Gill, & Pinquart, 2006). Interventions designed to help caregivers manage this stress are increasingly important as the number of people with dementia expands with the aging population (Alzheimer’s Association, 2012). New interventions such as mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) may help caregivers manage the chronic stress of caring for a family member with dementia. Current interventions for caregivers are often multidimensional in structure, providing psychological, social/emotional, and educational support. These programs often include a variety of components, such as education, counseling, support groups, problem solving, behavior management training, and respite or adult day care. The most widely studied interventions are psychoeducational and combine social support with caregiver education (Acton & Kang, 2001). Newer interventions such as Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer’s Caregivers Health (REACH) have gone much further, testing multiple theory-driven programs at differing sites based on strategies such as psychoeducational and skill-based training, technology, and home-based strategies (Belle et al., 2006; Elliott, Burgio, & Decoster, 2010; Gitlin et al., 2003). Although there is growing evidence that a number of these programs benefit caregivers, access to promising interventions can be limited due to economic, geographic, and policy barriers (Peacock & Forbes, 2003; Schulz et al., 2002; Sorensen, Pinquart, & Duberstein, 2002). Evidence supporting the long-term benefit of these programs is also somewhat limited. People with dementia often have declining cognitive function and increasing behavioral problems over many years. For caregivers, this decline can lead to increasing stress, frustration, anxiety, depression, and health problems. Giving caregivers skills to manage the daily chronic stress and the emotional challenges of caregiving may provide a long-term benefit to the caregiver. MBSR is a standardized program designed to reduce stress and manage difficult emotions through training in mindfulness (Bishop, 2002; Chambers, Gullone, & Allen, 2009). Mindfulness refers to a particular type of attention focused on the present moment, nonjudgmental awareness, and acceptance of that experience with a stance of openness and curiosity. It includes both formal Practice (mindful movement, the body scan, sitting meditation) and Informal Practice (incorporating mindfulness into everyday life; Cullen, 2011). Rooted in Buddhist tradition, MBSR is a nonreligious program developed for patients with chronic pain and illness to help reduce stress and manage symptoms (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). Participants are encouraged to simply observe their thoughts and emotions, letting them pass without judgment or becoming caught up or immersed in them. The Practice can facilitate responses to internal and external stimuli in a more reflective and less reactive and impulsive way. Training in mindfulness may enhance the range and use of coping skills through improved self-observation and reflection (Baer, 2003). It can also decrease ruminative thoughts about past or future events through focus on moment-to-moment awareness and acceptance (Borders, Earleywine, & Jajodia, 2010; Jain et al., 2007). These skills may help caregivers manage their stress responses to the long-term challenges of caregiving. MBSR has been studied as a complementary therapy for stress and symptom management in a wide range of chronic medical conditions, including pain (McCracken, Gauntlett-Gilbert, & Vowles, 2007), cancer (Ledesma & Kumano, 2008; Lengacher et al., 2009), fibromyalgia (Grossman, Tiefenthaler-Gilmer, Raysz, & Kesper, 2007), rheumatoid arthritis (Pradhan et al., 2007), solid organ transplant (Gross et al., 2004,2010; Kreitzer, Gross, Ye, Russas, & Treesak, 2005), severe psoriasis (Kabat-Zinn et al., 1998), insomnia (Gross et al., 2011), and diabetes (Rosenzweig et al., 2007; Whitebird, Kreitzer, & O’Connor, 2009). It has also been used with caregivers of disabled children (Minor, Carlson, Mackenzie, Zernicke, & Jones, 2006) and incorporated into a new therapeutic approach called mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, which has shown promise in treating recurrent depression (Kuyken et al., 2008; Teasdale et al., 2000). In aggregate, studies of MBSR show decreases in medically related symptoms; improved functioning; and reduced stress, anxiety, and depression (Astin, Shapiro, Eisenberg, & Forys, 2003; Fjorback, Arendt, Ornbol, Fink, & Walach, 2011; Grossman, Niemann, Schmidt, & Walach, 2004; Hofmann, Sawyer, Witt, & Oh, 2010). To date, we know of no other studies that have examined the use of MBSR for family caregivers of a person with dementia. Waelde, Thompson, and Gallager-Thompson (2004) conducted a pilot study for dementia caregiver stress using a program called Inner Resources, which has features similar to MBSR. Their findings suggest that this type of intervention may be feasible and effective for family caregivers. Lavretsky et al. (2012) in their recent study of yogic meditation for caregivers of family members with dementia found that a brief daily meditation Practice led to improved mental and cognitive functioning and lower levels of depression in caregivers. They also found improvement in telomerase activity, suggesting improvements in stress-induced cellular aging. The Balance Study was a randomized controlled trial that compared an MBSR intervention for family caregivers of a person with dementia with an active comparison group, a standard community caregiver education and social support (CCES) program. The purpose was twofold: (a) to examine the feasibility and acceptability of MBSR as an intervention for stress among caregivers of a family member with dementia and (b) to examine mental health outcomes. We hypothesized that caregivers in the MBSR intervention would have better outcomes than caregivers in the CCES intervention on measures of perceived stress, psychological health, and perceived caregiver burden.