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Yves Barral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Asymmetric Segregation of Aged Spindle Pole Bodies During Cell Division: Mechanisms and Relevance Beyond Budding Yeast?
    BioEssays, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jette Lengefeld, Yves Barral
    Abstract:

    Asymmetric cell division generates cell diversity and contributes to cellular aging and rejuvenation. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms enabling budding yeast to recognize spindle pole bodies (SPB, centrosome equivalent) based on their age, and guide their non-random mitotic segregation: SPB Inheritance requires the distinction of old from new SPBs and is regulated by the SPB-Inheritance Network (SPIN) and the mitotic exit Network (MEN). The SPIN marks the pre-existing SPB as old and the MEN recognizes these marks translating them into spindle orientation. We next revisit other molecules and structures that partition depending on their age rather than their abundance at mitosis as, for example, DNA, centrosomes, mitochondria, and histones in yeast and other systems. The recurrence of this differential behavior suggests a functional significance for numerous cell types, which we then discuss. We conclude that non-random segregation may facilitate asymmetric cell fate determination and thereby indirectly aging and rejuvenation. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/1sQ4rAomnWY.

  • Budding yeast Wee1 distinguishes spindle pole bodies to guide their pattern of age-dependent segregation
    Nature Cell Biology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jette Lengefeld, Manuel Hotz, Meaghen Rollins, Kristin Baetz, Yves Barral
    Abstract:

    Lengefeld et al.  reveal how yeast cells distinguish between newly synthesized and pre-existing spindle pole bodies to enable their asymmetric segregation, through a mechanism involving Swe1, Kin3 and NuA4. Many asymmetrically dividing cells unequally partition cellular structures according to age. Yet, it is unclear how cells differentiate pre-existing from newly synthesized material. Yeast cells segregate the spindle pole body (SPB, centrosome equivalent) inherited from the previous mitosis to the bud, while keeping the new one in the mother cell. Here, we show that the SPB Inheritance Network (SPIN), comprising the kinases Swe1 (also known as Wee1) and Kin3 (also known as Nek2) and the acetyltransferase NuA4 (also known as Tip60), distinguishes pre-existing from new SPBs. Swe1 phosphorylated Nud1 (orthologous to Centriolin) on young SPBs as they turned into pre-existing ones. The subsequent inactivation of Swe1 protected newly assembling SPBs from being marked. Kin3 and NuA4 maintained age marks on SPBs through following divisions. Downstream of SPIN, the Hippo regulator Bfa1–Bub2 bound the marked SPB, directed the spindle-positioning protein Kar9 towards it and drove its partition to the bud. Thus, coordination of SPIN activity and SPB assembly encodes age onto SPBs to enable their age-dependent segregation.

C S Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • COMPSAC - A structured bipartite Inheritance Network representation for object-oriented software design
    [1989] Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual International Computer Software & Applications Conference, 1
    Co-Authors: Stephen S Yau, C S Liu
    Abstract:

    A representation for any object-oriented software design is presented. The representation is based on a structured bipartite Inheritance Network, which is a Network with two kinds of basic nodes-data entity nodes and action nodes-and an encapsulation mechanism-substructure. Data entity nodes and action nodes are independent of each other and structured into the Inheritance hierarchy. The advantage of this representation is that all object-oriented software design can be represented in a uniform way, thereby making the software system more understandable and more maintainable. >

  • COMPSAC - An approach to software requirement specification
    Proceedings COMPSAC 88: The Twelfth Annual International Computer Software & Applications Conference, 1
    Co-Authors: Stephen S Yau, C S Liu
    Abstract:

    An approach to software requirement specification using a structured bipartite Inheritance Network is presented. A bipartite Inheritance Network is a Network with two different kinds of basic nodes, data entity and action, which are independent of each other and structured into an Inheritance hierarchy. A structured bipartite Inheritance Network has a substructure, which is used primarily to decompose a large-scale software system into subsystems. This approach has the advantages that in software requirements specification both the data entities and functional components are explicitly specified such that it will be easier to identify and localize the requirement changes and are unified in a common structure so that the requirement specification will be easier to understand. A patient monitoring system is used to illustrate the specification procedure. >

Phan Minh Dung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jette Lengefeld - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Asymmetric Segregation of Aged Spindle Pole Bodies During Cell Division: Mechanisms and Relevance Beyond Budding Yeast?
    BioEssays, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jette Lengefeld, Yves Barral
    Abstract:

    Asymmetric cell division generates cell diversity and contributes to cellular aging and rejuvenation. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms enabling budding yeast to recognize spindle pole bodies (SPB, centrosome equivalent) based on their age, and guide their non-random mitotic segregation: SPB Inheritance requires the distinction of old from new SPBs and is regulated by the SPB-Inheritance Network (SPIN) and the mitotic exit Network (MEN). The SPIN marks the pre-existing SPB as old and the MEN recognizes these marks translating them into spindle orientation. We next revisit other molecules and structures that partition depending on their age rather than their abundance at mitosis as, for example, DNA, centrosomes, mitochondria, and histones in yeast and other systems. The recurrence of this differential behavior suggests a functional significance for numerous cell types, which we then discuss. We conclude that non-random segregation may facilitate asymmetric cell fate determination and thereby indirectly aging and rejuvenation. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/1sQ4rAomnWY.

  • Budding yeast Wee1 distinguishes spindle pole bodies to guide their pattern of age-dependent segregation
    Nature Cell Biology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jette Lengefeld, Manuel Hotz, Meaghen Rollins, Kristin Baetz, Yves Barral
    Abstract:

    Lengefeld et al.  reveal how yeast cells distinguish between newly synthesized and pre-existing spindle pole bodies to enable their asymmetric segregation, through a mechanism involving Swe1, Kin3 and NuA4. Many asymmetrically dividing cells unequally partition cellular structures according to age. Yet, it is unclear how cells differentiate pre-existing from newly synthesized material. Yeast cells segregate the spindle pole body (SPB, centrosome equivalent) inherited from the previous mitosis to the bud, while keeping the new one in the mother cell. Here, we show that the SPB Inheritance Network (SPIN), comprising the kinases Swe1 (also known as Wee1) and Kin3 (also known as Nek2) and the acetyltransferase NuA4 (also known as Tip60), distinguishes pre-existing from new SPBs. Swe1 phosphorylated Nud1 (orthologous to Centriolin) on young SPBs as they turned into pre-existing ones. The subsequent inactivation of Swe1 protected newly assembling SPBs from being marked. Kin3 and NuA4 maintained age marks on SPBs through following divisions. Downstream of SPIN, the Hippo regulator Bfa1–Bub2 bound the marked SPB, directed the spindle-positioning protein Kar9 towards it and drove its partition to the bud. Thus, coordination of SPIN activity and SPB assembly encodes age onto SPBs to enable their age-dependent segregation.

Stephen S Yau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • COMPSAC - A structured bipartite Inheritance Network representation for object-oriented software design
    [1989] Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual International Computer Software & Applications Conference, 1
    Co-Authors: Stephen S Yau, C S Liu
    Abstract:

    A representation for any object-oriented software design is presented. The representation is based on a structured bipartite Inheritance Network, which is a Network with two kinds of basic nodes-data entity nodes and action nodes-and an encapsulation mechanism-substructure. Data entity nodes and action nodes are independent of each other and structured into the Inheritance hierarchy. The advantage of this representation is that all object-oriented software design can be represented in a uniform way, thereby making the software system more understandable and more maintainable. >

  • COMPSAC - An approach to software requirement specification
    Proceedings COMPSAC 88: The Twelfth Annual International Computer Software & Applications Conference, 1
    Co-Authors: Stephen S Yau, C S Liu
    Abstract:

    An approach to software requirement specification using a structured bipartite Inheritance Network is presented. A bipartite Inheritance Network is a Network with two different kinds of basic nodes, data entity and action, which are independent of each other and structured into an Inheritance hierarchy. A structured bipartite Inheritance Network has a substructure, which is used primarily to decompose a large-scale software system into subsystems. This approach has the advantages that in software requirements specification both the data entities and functional components are explicitly specified such that it will be easier to identify and localize the requirement changes and are unified in a common structure so that the requirement specification will be easier to understand. A patient monitoring system is used to illustrate the specification procedure. >