The Experts below are selected from a list of 78 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dibakar Bhattacharyya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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membrane based hybrid processes for high water recovery and selective Inorganic Pollutant separation
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2002Co-Authors: S M C Ritchie, Dibakar BhattacharyyaAbstract:Abstract The removal of heavy metals (e.g. Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), etc.) and oxyanions (e.g. nitrate, As(III, V), Cr(VI), etc.) is of immense interest for treatment of groundwater and other dilute aqueous systems. However, the presence of non-toxic components, such as hardness (Ca, Mg) and sulfate, can interfere with the separation of toxic species. For example, pressure-driven membrane processes, such as reverse osmosis (RO), have been limited for water treatment due to problems that these extraneous components cause with water recovery and ionic strength (osmotic pressure) of the retentate. In addition, nitrate rejection by RO is considerably lower than NaCl rejection, resulting in permeate concentrations that may be too high for groundwater recharging. Other separation systems that rely solely on sorption of toxic species (e.g. ion exchange resins) may not have sufficient selectivity for efficient use in the presence of competing ions. Hence, implementation of pressure-driven membrane separations and high capacity sorbents in hybrid processes shows much promise for remedying these difficulties. For example, selective separation of nitrate may be achieved by combining nanofiltration (NF) for sulfate removal, followed by RO or ion exchange for nitrate removal (see example 1). When small concentrations of toxic metals are present, the large retentate volumes of RO processes may be reduced by selective removal of toxic species with a high capacity sorbent, thus permitting disposal of a lower volume, non-toxic stream (see example 2). The use of microfiltration membrane-based sorbents containing multiple polymeric functional groups is a novel technique to achieve high metal sorption capacity under convective flow conditions. These sorbents are formed by the attachment of various polyamino acids (MW: 2500–10,000), such as polyaspartic acid (cation sorption), polyarginine (oxyanion sorption), and polycysteine (chelation exchange), directly on the membrane pore surfaces. Since these sorbents have also been found to have high selectivity over non-toxic metals, such as calcium, they are ideal candidates for hybrid processing with RO/NF.
Sheetu Raina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stress of Inorganic Pollutant nitrate induced histopathological alterations in haemeopoetic tissues of aspidoparia morar
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Anupriya Sachar, Sheetu Raina, Kadambri GuptaAbstract:The present study examined the histological response induced by Inorganic Pollutant (nitrate) in a fish, A. morar inhabiting Jammu waters. LC50 value of nitrate for the studied fish was found to be 2 mg/l. The fish were subjected to three sublethal concentrations of nitrate viz., 25% (0.5 mg/l), 50% (1 mg/l) and 75% (1.5 mg/l) of LC50 value of nitrate were employed for the experimental duration of 9 weeks. The hemopoietic tissues were found to be totally damaged by the nitrate intoxication. Liver exhibited fibrosis, necrosis, steatosis followed by degenerative changes. Anterior kidney and spleen, however showed lymphocytic infiltration tubular necrosis followed by vacuolation and degenerative changes. The alterations observed were found to be responsible for hampering the entire metabolic machinery of the fish.
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effect of Inorganic Pollutant nitrate on biochemical parameters of the fish aspidoparia morar
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Anupriya Sachar, Sheetu RainaAbstract:An attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of Inorganic Pollutant (nitrate) on biochemical parameters of the fish A. morar. The studied parameters were Glucose, cholesterol, protein, triglycerides, phosphatases and transaminases. LC50 value of fish, A. morar for nitrate was found to be 2mg/l. Three sublethal concentrations viz., 25% (0.5mg/l), 50% (1mg/l) and 75% (1.5mg/l) of LC50 value of nitrate were employed for the experiment. The experiment was set up for 9 weeks and effect was observed at weekly intervals. The studies revealed when fish exposed to sublethal concentrations at weekly intervals, exhibited hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperproteinaemia with significant increase in concentrations of triglycerides and phosphatases. The observed alterations were ultimately become the causative for hampering the entire metabolic machinery. The anomalies observed in the above mentioned parameters were found to exhibit more effect as the concentration as well as chronicity of the experiment progresses.
Keshav Kant Sahu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biological approaches of fluoride remediation: potential for environmental clean-up
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020Co-Authors: Priya Katiyar, Neha Pandey, Keshav Kant SahuAbstract:Fluoride (F), anion of fluorine which is naturally present in soil and water, behaves as toxic Inorganic Pollutant even at lower concentration and needs immediate attention. Its interaction with flora, fauna and other forms of life, such as microbes, adversely affect various physiochemical parameters by interfering with several metabolic pathways. Conventional methods of F remediation are time-consuming, laborious and cost intensive, which renders them uneconomical for sustainable agriculture. The solution lies in cracking down this environmental contaminant by adopting economic, eco-friendly, cost-effective and modern technologies. Biological processes, viz. bioremediation involving the use of bacteria, fungi, algae and higher plants that holds promising alternative to manage F pollution, recover contaminated soil and improve vegetation. The efficiency of indigenous natural agents may be enhanced, improved and selected over the hazardous chemicals in sustainable agriculture. This review article emphasizes on various biological approaches for the remediation of F-contaminated environment, and exploring their potential applications in environmental clean-up. It further focuses on thorough systemic study of modern biotechnological approaches such as gene editing and gene manipulation techniques for enhancing the plant-microbe interactions for F degradation, drawing attention towards latest progresses in the field of microbial assisted treatment of F-contaminated ecosystems. Future research and understanding of the molecular mechanisms of F bioremediation would add on to the possibilities of the application of more competent strains showing striking results under diverse ecological conditions.
Anupriya Sachar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stress of Inorganic Pollutant nitrate induced histopathological alterations in haemeopoetic tissues of aspidoparia morar
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Anupriya Sachar, Sheetu Raina, Kadambri GuptaAbstract:The present study examined the histological response induced by Inorganic Pollutant (nitrate) in a fish, A. morar inhabiting Jammu waters. LC50 value of nitrate for the studied fish was found to be 2 mg/l. The fish were subjected to three sublethal concentrations of nitrate viz., 25% (0.5 mg/l), 50% (1 mg/l) and 75% (1.5 mg/l) of LC50 value of nitrate were employed for the experimental duration of 9 weeks. The hemopoietic tissues were found to be totally damaged by the nitrate intoxication. Liver exhibited fibrosis, necrosis, steatosis followed by degenerative changes. Anterior kidney and spleen, however showed lymphocytic infiltration tubular necrosis followed by vacuolation and degenerative changes. The alterations observed were found to be responsible for hampering the entire metabolic machinery of the fish.
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effect of Inorganic Pollutant nitrate on biochemical parameters of the fish aspidoparia morar
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Anupriya Sachar, Sheetu RainaAbstract:An attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of Inorganic Pollutant (nitrate) on biochemical parameters of the fish A. morar. The studied parameters were Glucose, cholesterol, protein, triglycerides, phosphatases and transaminases. LC50 value of fish, A. morar for nitrate was found to be 2mg/l. Three sublethal concentrations viz., 25% (0.5mg/l), 50% (1mg/l) and 75% (1.5mg/l) of LC50 value of nitrate were employed for the experiment. The experiment was set up for 9 weeks and effect was observed at weekly intervals. The studies revealed when fish exposed to sublethal concentrations at weekly intervals, exhibited hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperproteinaemia with significant increase in concentrations of triglycerides and phosphatases. The observed alterations were ultimately become the causative for hampering the entire metabolic machinery. The anomalies observed in the above mentioned parameters were found to exhibit more effect as the concentration as well as chronicity of the experiment progresses.
Barry J Maynard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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organic and Inorganic Pollutant concentrations suggest anthropogenic contamination of soils along the manali leh highway northwestern himalaya india
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2017Co-Authors: Rajarshi Dasgupta, Brooke E Crowley, Barry J MaynardAbstract:Most studies on roadside soil pollution have been performed in areas where petrol is the main fuel. Very little work has been conducted in regions where diesel predominates. We collected soil samples from four sites that span a precipitation gradient along the Manali-Leh Highway in northwestern Himalaya, India. This road traverses rough terrain and most of the vehicles that travel along it are diesel-driven. At each site, we collected samples at incremental distances from the highway (0, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 150 m), and at each distance we collected samples from three depths (3, 9, and 15 cm). We assessed the concentrations of 10 heavy metals (Al, Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Co, Zn, V, and Ba), total sulphur, and total organic carbon (TOC) at each distance, and we measured the concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at 2 m from the highway. Overall, we found that metal concentrations are low and there is no relationship between concentrations and distance from the highway, or depth within the soil profile. Sulphur concentrations, on the other hand, are high in roadside soils and there is a negative relationship between concentration and distance from the highway. PAH concentrations are low, but the proportion of different ringed species suggests that their source is anthropogenic. Correlations between TOC and the various Pollutants further suggest that diesel vehicles and potentially biomass combustion are starting to affect the roadside environment in remote northwestern India. We suggest that Pollutant concentrations be regularly monitored.