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T L Prakash - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • preparation of high pure zinc for electronic applications using selective evaporation under vacuum
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: S T Ali, Srinivas K Rao, C Laxman, N R Munirathnam, T L Prakash
    Abstract:

    Abstract m6N pure (99.9999%) zinc (Zn) was obtained through multiple vacuum distillations using 99.9% (m3N) pure Zn as Input Material at 2 kg batch-size. The soaking (distillation) temperature and the time of distillation at a dynamic vacuum level of 2.1 * 10−3 Torr were optimized to achieve the desired purity, distillation rate and yield. The detailed analysis of Input as well as purified Zn was carried out by inductively coupled optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) technique for 14 major impurity elements. This confirmed the reduction of total impurity content from ∼983 to

  • Purification of cadmium by vacuum distillation and its analysis
    Materials Letters, 2004
    Co-Authors: S T Ali, N R Munirathnam, Ch. Sudheer, R.c. Reddy, T L Prakash
    Abstract:

    Abstract High purity (99.9999% or 6N) cadmium (Cd) was obtained through multiple vacuum distillation using 99.98% (3N8) pure Cd as Input Material and condensing the vapours of the distillate on a high-density graphite collector. The soaking temperature and the time were optimized to achieve the desired purity and distillation rate/yield at a dynamic vacuum level of ∼2.1×10−3 Torr. The detailed analysis of Input as well as purified Cd was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for 29 major impurity elements. The analysis confirmed the reduction of total impurity content from ∼190 to ∼1.8 ppm (∼6N) upon three consecutive vacuum distillations. The present studies showed that the major impurities separated from the distilled cadmium are Zn, Cu, Ag, Sb, Pb, Bi, Fe, Ni, Tl, etc. It was observed that these impurities require adaptation of elemental analyzing technique to counter dilution effect.

S T Ali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • preparation of high pure zinc for electronic applications using selective evaporation under vacuum
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: S T Ali, Srinivas K Rao, C Laxman, N R Munirathnam, T L Prakash
    Abstract:

    Abstract m6N pure (99.9999%) zinc (Zn) was obtained through multiple vacuum distillations using 99.9% (m3N) pure Zn as Input Material at 2 kg batch-size. The soaking (distillation) temperature and the time of distillation at a dynamic vacuum level of 2.1 * 10−3 Torr were optimized to achieve the desired purity, distillation rate and yield. The detailed analysis of Input as well as purified Zn was carried out by inductively coupled optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) technique for 14 major impurity elements. This confirmed the reduction of total impurity content from ∼983 to

  • Purification of cadmium by vacuum distillation and its analysis
    Materials Letters, 2004
    Co-Authors: S T Ali, N R Munirathnam, Ch. Sudheer, R.c. Reddy, T L Prakash
    Abstract:

    Abstract High purity (99.9999% or 6N) cadmium (Cd) was obtained through multiple vacuum distillation using 99.98% (3N8) pure Cd as Input Material and condensing the vapours of the distillate on a high-density graphite collector. The soaking temperature and the time were optimized to achieve the desired purity and distillation rate/yield at a dynamic vacuum level of ∼2.1×10−3 Torr. The detailed analysis of Input as well as purified Cd was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for 29 major impurity elements. The analysis confirmed the reduction of total impurity content from ∼190 to ∼1.8 ppm (∼6N) upon three consecutive vacuum distillations. The present studies showed that the major impurities separated from the distilled cadmium are Zn, Cu, Ag, Sb, Pb, Bi, Fe, Ni, Tl, etc. It was observed that these impurities require adaptation of elemental analyzing technique to counter dilution effect.

Gerard A Maugin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Finite element and asymptotic homogenization methods applied to smart composite Materials
    Computational Mechanics, 2003
    Co-Authors: Helmuth Berger, J. Bravo-Castillero, R. Guinovart-Diaz, Ruth Rodríguez-ramos, J A Otero, Heinz Köppe, Ulrich Gabbert, Gerard A Maugin
    Abstract:

    The piezoelectric effect is studied for bending and traction tests for two types of structure configurations: homogeneous and composite structures. Mechanical displacements are calculated for traction and bending tests, using FEM for the homogeneous body, where the Input Material properties are taken from the overall coefficients reported by the Asymptotic Homogenization Method (AHM). A brief theoretical description about the basics of the piezoelectric finite elements and the AHM is given. On the other hand, the calculations of the mechanical displacements are done for the composite structure using FEM where the real data of the Material parameters for cylindrical fibers (PZT-5) embedded in a matrix (elastic isotropic polymer) were taken from reported references. A comparison between the results obtained using AHM + FEM and FEM for the homogeneous and the composite structures respectively is reported and shows a favorable result.

N R Munirathnam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • preparation of high pure zinc for electronic applications using selective evaporation under vacuum
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: S T Ali, Srinivas K Rao, C Laxman, N R Munirathnam, T L Prakash
    Abstract:

    Abstract m6N pure (99.9999%) zinc (Zn) was obtained through multiple vacuum distillations using 99.9% (m3N) pure Zn as Input Material at 2 kg batch-size. The soaking (distillation) temperature and the time of distillation at a dynamic vacuum level of 2.1 * 10−3 Torr were optimized to achieve the desired purity, distillation rate and yield. The detailed analysis of Input as well as purified Zn was carried out by inductively coupled optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) technique for 14 major impurity elements. This confirmed the reduction of total impurity content from ∼983 to

  • Purification of niobium by multiple electron beam melting for superconducting RF cavities
    Metals and Materials International, 2009
    Co-Authors: Good-sun Choi, N R Munirathnam, Jae-won Lim, Il-ho Kim
    Abstract:

    In this work, purification of commercial grade (∼99.9 %) niobium by multiple Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is reported. Impurity removal of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, aluminum, iron, molybdenum, zirconium and tungsten in niobium matrix is presented as a part of the ingot melting stages. The minor Material loss of niobium during melting is attributed to the amount of decarburization based on the ratio of initial and critical content of oxygen to carbon. The analysis of nearly 60 impurity elements in niobium was carried out by glow discharge mass spectrometry. In the end, the purity of niobium after multiple electron beam meltings was found to be 4N while the purity enhanced from 99.9 % (3N) to 99.993 % (4N3), including gaseous impurities, and 99.98 % (3N8) to 99.998 % (4N8) without gaseous impurities. The glow discharge mass spectrometry analytical results of purified niobium indicated that the Material is suitable as Input Material for further processing of fabricated superconducting radio-frequency cavities.

  • Purification of cadmium by vacuum distillation and its analysis
    Materials Letters, 2004
    Co-Authors: S T Ali, N R Munirathnam, Ch. Sudheer, R.c. Reddy, T L Prakash
    Abstract:

    Abstract High purity (99.9999% or 6N) cadmium (Cd) was obtained through multiple vacuum distillation using 99.98% (3N8) pure Cd as Input Material and condensing the vapours of the distillate on a high-density graphite collector. The soaking temperature and the time were optimized to achieve the desired purity and distillation rate/yield at a dynamic vacuum level of ∼2.1×10−3 Torr. The detailed analysis of Input as well as purified Cd was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for 29 major impurity elements. The analysis confirmed the reduction of total impurity content from ∼190 to ∼1.8 ppm (∼6N) upon three consecutive vacuum distillations. The present studies showed that the major impurities separated from the distilled cadmium are Zn, Cu, Ag, Sb, Pb, Bi, Fe, Ni, Tl, etc. It was observed that these impurities require adaptation of elemental analyzing technique to counter dilution effect.

C Laxman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • preparation of high pure zinc for electronic applications using selective evaporation under vacuum
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: S T Ali, Srinivas K Rao, C Laxman, N R Munirathnam, T L Prakash
    Abstract:

    Abstract m6N pure (99.9999%) zinc (Zn) was obtained through multiple vacuum distillations using 99.9% (m3N) pure Zn as Input Material at 2 kg batch-size. The soaking (distillation) temperature and the time of distillation at a dynamic vacuum level of 2.1 * 10−3 Torr were optimized to achieve the desired purity, distillation rate and yield. The detailed analysis of Input as well as purified Zn was carried out by inductively coupled optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) technique for 14 major impurity elements. This confirmed the reduction of total impurity content from ∼983 to