The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marcé D. Lorenzen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of targeting eye color in tenebrio molitor through rna interference of tryptophan 2 3 dioxygenase vermilion implications for Insect Farming
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Brenda Oppert, Steven M Reyna, Sofia Pinzi, Sherry L. Adrianos, Lindsey C. Perkin, Marcé D. LorenzenAbstract:: The gene vermilion encodes tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, part of the ommochrome pathway, and is responsible for the dark pigmented eyes in some Insects, including beetles. Using RNA interference, we targeted the vermilion gene ortholog in embryos and pupae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, resulting in larvae and adults, respectively, that lacked eye pigment. RNA-Seq was used to analyze the impact of vermilion-specific RNA interference on gene expression. There was a 425-fold reduction in vermilion gene expression (p = 0.0003), as well as significant (p < 0.05) differential expression of 109 other putative genes, most of which were downregulated. Enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology terms found in the differentially expressed data set included genes known to be involved in the ommochrome pathway. However, enrichment analysis also revealed the influence of vermilion expression on genes involved in protein translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum, signal transduction, G-protein-coupled receptor signaling, cell-cycle arrest, mannose biosynthesis, and vitamin transport. These data demonstrate that knockdown of vermilion in T. molitor results in complete loss of eye color (white-eyed phenotype) and identify other interrelated genes in the vermilion metabolic pathway. Therefore, a dominant marker system based on eye color can be developed for the genetic manipulation of T. molitor to increase the value of mealworms as an alternative food source by decreasing negative traits, such as disease susceptibility, and increasing desired traits, such as protein content and vitamin production.
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Effects of targeting eye color in Tenebrio molitor through RNA interference of tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase (vermilion): Implications for Insect Farming
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Brenda Oppert, Steven M Reyna, Sofia Pinzi, Sherry L. Adrianos, Lindsey C. Perkin, Marcé D. LorenzenAbstract:: The gene vermilion encodes tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, part of the ommochrome pathway, and is responsible for the dark pigmented eyes in some Insects, including beetles. Using RNA interference, we targeted the vermilion gene ortholog in embryos and pupae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, resulting in larvae and adults, respectively, that lacked eye pigment. RNA-Seq was used to analyze the impact of vermilion-specific RNA interference on gene expression. There was a 425-fold reduction in vermilion gene expression (p = 0.0003), as well as significant (p
Bettina Wolf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interfacial and emulsifying properties of mealworm protein at the oil/water interface
Food Hydrocolloids, 2017Co-Authors: Joanne Gould, Bettina WolfAbstract:The increasing global population and consumer demand for protein will render the provision of protein a serious future challenge. The lower environmental impact of Insect Farming makes the consumption of Insects an appealing solution, although consumers in developed countries often respond to the idea of eating Insects with disgust. One approach to accustom consumers to Insects as part of their diet is through the application of functional Insect extracts as food ingredients. Here, the interfacial and emulsion properties of protein extracted from Tenebrio molitor (MP) was investigated in comparison to commercial whey protein (WP). The MP showed higher interfacial activity and faster adsorption kinetics at the oil/water interface. The mean droplet size of high shear processed oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions (20% w/w oil) stabilised with MP assumed a process limited value at the lowest protein concentration, included in this study, of 0.44% w/w based on aqueous phase. Stepwise increase in protein concentration to 0.88%, 1.75% and 2.63% revealed, in the case of WP stabilised emulsions, that the same process limited droplet diameter was reached at 1.75% protein addition. With a view to potential future application of MP as a food emulsifier MP stabilised emulsions were exposed to common formulation and process conditions such as varied pH, salt, heat, chilling and freezing. Except for flocculation after heating to 90 °C and at pH close to the isoelectric point (IEP) of the MP, the microstructure of the emulsions remained unchanged. MP shows promise as a food emulsifier and represents a vehicle for the introduction of Insect protein into the diet of societies not accustomed to eating Insects.
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interfacial and emulsifying properties of mealworm protein at the oil water interface
Food Hydrocolloids, 2017Co-Authors: Joanne Gould, Bettina WolfAbstract:The increasing global population and consumer demand for protein will render the provision of protein a serious future challenge. The lower environmental impact of Insect Farming makes the consumption of Insects an appealing solution, although consumers in developed countries often respond to the idea of eating Insects with disgust. One approach to accustom consumers to Insects as part of their diet is through the application of functional Insect extracts as food ingredients. Here, the interfacial and emulsion properties of protein extracted from Tenebrio molitor (MP) was investigated in comparison to commercial whey protein (WP). The MP showed higher interfacial activity and faster adsorption kinetics at the oil/water interface. The mean droplet size of high shear processed oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions (20% w/w oil) stabilised with MP assumed a process limited value at the lowest protein concentration, included in this study, of 0.44% w/w based on aqueous phase. Stepwise increase in protein concentration to 0.88%, 1.75% and 2.63% revealed, in the case of WP stabilised emulsions, that the same process limited droplet diameter was reached at 1.75% protein addition. With a view to potential future application of MP as a food emulsifier MP stabilised emulsions were exposed to common formulation and process conditions such as varied pH, salt, heat, chilling and freezing. Except for flocculation after heating to 90 °C and at pH close to the isoelectric point (IEP) of the MP, the microstructure of the emulsions remained unchanged. MP shows promise as a food emulsifier and represents a vehicle for the introduction of Insect protein into the diet of societies not accustomed to eating Insects.
Brenda Oppert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of targeting eye color in tenebrio molitor through rna interference of tryptophan 2 3 dioxygenase vermilion implications for Insect Farming
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Brenda Oppert, Steven M Reyna, Sofia Pinzi, Sherry L. Adrianos, Lindsey C. Perkin, Marcé D. LorenzenAbstract:: The gene vermilion encodes tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, part of the ommochrome pathway, and is responsible for the dark pigmented eyes in some Insects, including beetles. Using RNA interference, we targeted the vermilion gene ortholog in embryos and pupae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, resulting in larvae and adults, respectively, that lacked eye pigment. RNA-Seq was used to analyze the impact of vermilion-specific RNA interference on gene expression. There was a 425-fold reduction in vermilion gene expression (p = 0.0003), as well as significant (p < 0.05) differential expression of 109 other putative genes, most of which were downregulated. Enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology terms found in the differentially expressed data set included genes known to be involved in the ommochrome pathway. However, enrichment analysis also revealed the influence of vermilion expression on genes involved in protein translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum, signal transduction, G-protein-coupled receptor signaling, cell-cycle arrest, mannose biosynthesis, and vitamin transport. These data demonstrate that knockdown of vermilion in T. molitor results in complete loss of eye color (white-eyed phenotype) and identify other interrelated genes in the vermilion metabolic pathway. Therefore, a dominant marker system based on eye color can be developed for the genetic manipulation of T. molitor to increase the value of mealworms as an alternative food source by decreasing negative traits, such as disease susceptibility, and increasing desired traits, such as protein content and vitamin production.
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Effects of targeting eye color in Tenebrio molitor through RNA interference of tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase (vermilion): Implications for Insect Farming
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Brenda Oppert, Steven M Reyna, Sofia Pinzi, Sherry L. Adrianos, Lindsey C. Perkin, Marcé D. LorenzenAbstract:: The gene vermilion encodes tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, part of the ommochrome pathway, and is responsible for the dark pigmented eyes in some Insects, including beetles. Using RNA interference, we targeted the vermilion gene ortholog in embryos and pupae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, resulting in larvae and adults, respectively, that lacked eye pigment. RNA-Seq was used to analyze the impact of vermilion-specific RNA interference on gene expression. There was a 425-fold reduction in vermilion gene expression (p = 0.0003), as well as significant (p
Joanne Gould - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interfacial and emulsifying properties of mealworm protein at the oil/water interface
Food Hydrocolloids, 2017Co-Authors: Joanne Gould, Bettina WolfAbstract:The increasing global population and consumer demand for protein will render the provision of protein a serious future challenge. The lower environmental impact of Insect Farming makes the consumption of Insects an appealing solution, although consumers in developed countries often respond to the idea of eating Insects with disgust. One approach to accustom consumers to Insects as part of their diet is through the application of functional Insect extracts as food ingredients. Here, the interfacial and emulsion properties of protein extracted from Tenebrio molitor (MP) was investigated in comparison to commercial whey protein (WP). The MP showed higher interfacial activity and faster adsorption kinetics at the oil/water interface. The mean droplet size of high shear processed oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions (20% w/w oil) stabilised with MP assumed a process limited value at the lowest protein concentration, included in this study, of 0.44% w/w based on aqueous phase. Stepwise increase in protein concentration to 0.88%, 1.75% and 2.63% revealed, in the case of WP stabilised emulsions, that the same process limited droplet diameter was reached at 1.75% protein addition. With a view to potential future application of MP as a food emulsifier MP stabilised emulsions were exposed to common formulation and process conditions such as varied pH, salt, heat, chilling and freezing. Except for flocculation after heating to 90 °C and at pH close to the isoelectric point (IEP) of the MP, the microstructure of the emulsions remained unchanged. MP shows promise as a food emulsifier and represents a vehicle for the introduction of Insect protein into the diet of societies not accustomed to eating Insects.
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interfacial and emulsifying properties of mealworm protein at the oil water interface
Food Hydrocolloids, 2017Co-Authors: Joanne Gould, Bettina WolfAbstract:The increasing global population and consumer demand for protein will render the provision of protein a serious future challenge. The lower environmental impact of Insect Farming makes the consumption of Insects an appealing solution, although consumers in developed countries often respond to the idea of eating Insects with disgust. One approach to accustom consumers to Insects as part of their diet is through the application of functional Insect extracts as food ingredients. Here, the interfacial and emulsion properties of protein extracted from Tenebrio molitor (MP) was investigated in comparison to commercial whey protein (WP). The MP showed higher interfacial activity and faster adsorption kinetics at the oil/water interface. The mean droplet size of high shear processed oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions (20% w/w oil) stabilised with MP assumed a process limited value at the lowest protein concentration, included in this study, of 0.44% w/w based on aqueous phase. Stepwise increase in protein concentration to 0.88%, 1.75% and 2.63% revealed, in the case of WP stabilised emulsions, that the same process limited droplet diameter was reached at 1.75% protein addition. With a view to potential future application of MP as a food emulsifier MP stabilised emulsions were exposed to common formulation and process conditions such as varied pH, salt, heat, chilling and freezing. Except for flocculation after heating to 90 °C and at pH close to the isoelectric point (IEP) of the MP, the microstructure of the emulsions remained unchanged. MP shows promise as a food emulsifier and represents a vehicle for the introduction of Insect protein into the diet of societies not accustomed to eating Insects.
Dennis G. A. B. Oonincx - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The environmental sustainability of Insects as food and feed. A review
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2017Co-Authors: Arnold Huis, Dennis G. A. B. OonincxAbstract:With a growing world population, increasingly demanding consumers, and a limited amount of agricultural land, there is an urgent need to find alternatives to conventional meat products. Livestock production is, moreover, a leading cause of anthropogenic-induced climate change. To mediate this, more sustainable diets are needed, with reduced meat consumption or the use of alternative protein sources. Insects are promoted as human food and animal feed worldwide. In tropical countries, edible Insects are harvested from nature, but overexploitation, habitat changes, and environmental contamination threaten this food resource. Therefore, sustainable harvesting practices need to be developed and implemented. We provide examples of (1) aquatic Insects whose populations are threatened by pollution, (2) caterpillar species in Africa that are disappearing due to overexploitation and habitat change, (3) edible Insects species that are considered pests in agro-ecosystems, and (4) edible Insect species that can be conserved and enhanced in forest management systems. Insect Farming can be conducted either on small-scale farms or in large-scale industrialized rearing facilities. We review the environmental sustainability of Insect Farming compared to livestock production. The major environmental advantages of Insect Farming compared to livestock production are as follows: (1) less land and water is required; (2) greenhouse gas emissions are lower; (3) Insects have high feed conversion efficiencies; (4) Insects can transform low-value organic by-products into high-quality food or feed; and (5) certain Insect species can be used as animal feed or aqua feed. For instance, they can replace fish meal, which is becoming increasingly scarce and expensive. However, edible Insect species intended for production should be screened for risks to humans, animals, plants, and biodiversity.