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Andrew T Chan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dietary intake of branched chain amino acids and risk of colorectal cancer
    Cancer Prevention Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ryoko Katagiri, Mingyang Song, Xuehong Zhang, Fred K Tabung, Charles S Fuchs, Jeffrey A Meyerhardt, Reiko Nishihara, Andrew T Chan
    Abstract:

    Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids, and emerging evidence suggests that BCAAs may mediate pathways related to cancer progression, possibly due to their involvement in Insulin Metabolism. We investigated the association between dietary intake of BCAAs with colorectal cancer risk in three prospective cohorts: the Nurses9 Health Study I [(NHS), number of participants (n) at baseline = 77,017], NHS II (n = 92,984), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study [(HPFS) n = 47,255]. Validated food frequency questionnaires were administered every 4 years and follow-up questionnaires on lifestyle biennially. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Pooled HRs were obtained using random effect models. After up to 28 years of follow-up, 1,660 cases were observed in NHS, 306 in NHS II, and 1,343 in HPFS. In multivariable adjusted models, we observed a weak inverse association between BCAA intake and colorectal cancer [highest vs. lowest quintile, pooled HR including all three cohorts (95% CI): 0.89 (0.80–1.00), Ptrend = 0.06, HR per standard deviation (SD) increment 0.95 (0.92–0.99)]. However, after including dairy calcium to the models, BCAA intake was no longer associated with risk of colorectal cancer [HR 0.96 (0.85–1.08), Ptrend = 0.50, HR per SD increment 0.97 (0.93–1.01)]. We did not find evidence that higher dietary BCAA intake is associated with higher risk of colorectal cancer. As this is the first prospective study to examine the association between BCAA intake and colorectal cancer, our findings warrant investigation in other cohorts.

Shigeharu Numao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise on short term low carbohydrate high fat intake induced postprandial glucose Metabolism during an oral glucose tolerance test
    Metabolism-clinical and Experimental, 2013
    Co-Authors: Shigeharu Numao, Hiroshi Kawano, Naoya Endo, Yuka Yamada, Masayuki Konishi, Masaki Takahashi, Shizuo Sakamoto
    Abstract:

    Abstract Objective A single bout of exercise can improve acute postprandial glucose Metabolism aggravated by short-term low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (HFD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single bout of aerobic exercise on short-term HFD-induced postprandial glucose and incretin Metabolism during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Materials/Methods Eleven healthy young men (age [mean±SE] 27±1years; body mass index, 22±1kg/m 2 ) performed three, 3-day interventions in randomized order: (1) a normal diet (ND: ~22% fat), (2) an HFD (~69% fat) and (3) an HFD with a single bout of aerobic exercise (HFDEx). The exercise (50% peak oxygen consumption; ~200kcal) was performed on the third day in HFDEx. An OGTT was performed after each 3-day dietary intervention. Results The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of plasma glucose levels during the OGTT was significantly higher in the HFD and HFDEx trials than in the ND trial ( P =0.001). In addition, the iAUC of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level was significantly higher in the HFD trial than in the ND and HFDEx trials ( P =0.04). The first-phase Insulin secretion indexes were significantly lower in the HFD ( P =0.01 and 0.002) and HFDEx trials ( P =0.05 and 0.008) than in the ND trial. Conclusion A single bout of aerobic exercise did not improve the short-term HFD-induced aggravation of postprandial glucose and Insulin Metabolism during the OGTT. However, it did normalize the increased postprandial GLP-1 level induced by HFD.

Charles S Fuchs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dietary intake of branched chain amino acids and risk of colorectal cancer
    Cancer Prevention Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ryoko Katagiri, Mingyang Song, Xuehong Zhang, Fred K Tabung, Charles S Fuchs, Jeffrey A Meyerhardt, Reiko Nishihara, Andrew T Chan
    Abstract:

    Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids, and emerging evidence suggests that BCAAs may mediate pathways related to cancer progression, possibly due to their involvement in Insulin Metabolism. We investigated the association between dietary intake of BCAAs with colorectal cancer risk in three prospective cohorts: the Nurses9 Health Study I [(NHS), number of participants (n) at baseline = 77,017], NHS II (n = 92,984), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study [(HPFS) n = 47,255]. Validated food frequency questionnaires were administered every 4 years and follow-up questionnaires on lifestyle biennially. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Pooled HRs were obtained using random effect models. After up to 28 years of follow-up, 1,660 cases were observed in NHS, 306 in NHS II, and 1,343 in HPFS. In multivariable adjusted models, we observed a weak inverse association between BCAA intake and colorectal cancer [highest vs. lowest quintile, pooled HR including all three cohorts (95% CI): 0.89 (0.80–1.00), Ptrend = 0.06, HR per standard deviation (SD) increment 0.95 (0.92–0.99)]. However, after including dairy calcium to the models, BCAA intake was no longer associated with risk of colorectal cancer [HR 0.96 (0.85–1.08), Ptrend = 0.50, HR per SD increment 0.97 (0.93–1.01)]. We did not find evidence that higher dietary BCAA intake is associated with higher risk of colorectal cancer. As this is the first prospective study to examine the association between BCAA intake and colorectal cancer, our findings warrant investigation in other cohorts.

Fred K Tabung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dietary intake of branched chain amino acids and risk of colorectal cancer
    Cancer Prevention Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ryoko Katagiri, Mingyang Song, Xuehong Zhang, Fred K Tabung, Charles S Fuchs, Jeffrey A Meyerhardt, Reiko Nishihara, Andrew T Chan
    Abstract:

    Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids, and emerging evidence suggests that BCAAs may mediate pathways related to cancer progression, possibly due to their involvement in Insulin Metabolism. We investigated the association between dietary intake of BCAAs with colorectal cancer risk in three prospective cohorts: the Nurses9 Health Study I [(NHS), number of participants (n) at baseline = 77,017], NHS II (n = 92,984), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study [(HPFS) n = 47,255]. Validated food frequency questionnaires were administered every 4 years and follow-up questionnaires on lifestyle biennially. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Pooled HRs were obtained using random effect models. After up to 28 years of follow-up, 1,660 cases were observed in NHS, 306 in NHS II, and 1,343 in HPFS. In multivariable adjusted models, we observed a weak inverse association between BCAA intake and colorectal cancer [highest vs. lowest quintile, pooled HR including all three cohorts (95% CI): 0.89 (0.80–1.00), Ptrend = 0.06, HR per standard deviation (SD) increment 0.95 (0.92–0.99)]. However, after including dairy calcium to the models, BCAA intake was no longer associated with risk of colorectal cancer [HR 0.96 (0.85–1.08), Ptrend = 0.50, HR per SD increment 0.97 (0.93–1.01)]. We did not find evidence that higher dietary BCAA intake is associated with higher risk of colorectal cancer. As this is the first prospective study to examine the association between BCAA intake and colorectal cancer, our findings warrant investigation in other cohorts.

Bruno Lapauw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a randomized trial on the effect of oral combined estradiol and drospirenone on glucose and Insulin Metabolism in healthy menopausal women with a normal oral glucose tolerance test
    Maturitas, 2020
    Co-Authors: Herman Depypere, Anneloor Dierickx, F Vandevelde, Frank Z Stanczyk, L Ottoy, Joris R Delanghe, Bruno Lapauw
    Abstract:

    Background: Menopause is often associated with a central accumulation of body fat. This provokes Insulin resistance. The resulting hyperInsulinemia may increase the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Long-term studies indicate that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) reduces Insulin resistance. To broaden knowledge of the mechanisms behind the influence of MHT on glucose homeostasis we focused on the direct short-term effects of MHT with oral combined estradiol and drospirenone on glucose and Insulin Metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled study recruited 80 healthy postmenopausal women. Women were randomized to treatment with estradiol 1 mg continuously combined with drospirenone 2 mg or placebo for 6-8 weeks. All participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after the treatment period. Glucose, Insulin, fructosamine and C-peptide levels were measured in serum before and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min after a 75-gram oral glucose challenge. Results: After intervention, significantly higher glucose levels at 120 min (p < 0.024) and 150 min (p < 0.030) were observed in the MHT group compared with the placebo group. These glucose levels remained within the normal range. A significantly lower Insulin peak serum level (p < 0.040) and a non-significantly smaller area under the curve (AUC) for Insulin levels (p = 0.192) was observed in the MHT group at the end of the study period relative to baseline. No significant change in the Insulin AUC in the placebo group was observed. There were no significant differences in fructosamine, HOMA-IR and C-peptide levels between the MHT group and the placebo group. Conclusion: This double-blind randomized study (EC/2008/694) indicates that treating healthy, postmenopausal women with 1 mg estradiol continuously combined with 2 mg drospirenone significantly decreases peak Insulin levels and increases peak glucose levels during an OGTT compared to placebo. These glucose levels remained within the normal range.