The Experts below are selected from a list of 54 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jianhua Hu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a semantic pragmatic Interface Account of dangling topics in mandarin chinese
Journal of Pragmatics, 2008Co-Authors: Jianhua HuAbstract:Abstract The goal of this paper is to propose a unified Account for both moved and base-generated topics in Mandarin Chinese. It is well known that, besides moved topics (or, instance topics in Chen's (1996) terminology), Mandarin Chinese also has base-generated topics, i.e., the so-called dangling topics in the literature, or Chinese-style topics (Chafe, 1976). Since they are not subcategorized by the predicate in question, dangling topics may not necessarily be related to a syntactic position in the comment. Traditionally, the relation between the latter kind of topic and its comment is characterized by an aboutness condition (Chao, 1968; Chafe, 1976; Li and Thompson, 1981; Xu and Langendoen, 1985), though the precise nature of aboutness has never been made clear. In an effort to adequately characterize both moved topics and dangling topics in Mandarin Chinese, this paper proposes that topic structures be Accounted for at the semantic–pragmatic Interface in Mandarin Chinese. It claims that in Mandarin Chinese a topic is licensed if there is a variable in the comment and the set generated by this variable produces a non-empty set when intersecting with the set represented by the topic. The topic licensing condition proposed in the paper, as a further development to the traditional aboutness condition, is a necessary and sufficient condition. It can not only avoid the problems that the traditional aboutness condition has in licensing topics, but also have the advantage of unifying both the moved topic and the base-generated topic.
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A semantic–pragmatic Interface Account of (dangling) topics in Mandarin Chinese
Journal of Pragmatics, 2008Co-Authors: Jianhua HuAbstract:Abstract The goal of this paper is to propose a unified Account for both moved and base-generated topics in Mandarin Chinese. It is well known that, besides moved topics (or, instance topics in Chen's (1996) terminology), Mandarin Chinese also has base-generated topics, i.e., the so-called dangling topics in the literature, or Chinese-style topics (Chafe, 1976). Since they are not subcategorized by the predicate in question, dangling topics may not necessarily be related to a syntactic position in the comment. Traditionally, the relation between the latter kind of topic and its comment is characterized by an aboutness condition (Chao, 1968; Chafe, 1976; Li and Thompson, 1981; Xu and Langendoen, 1985), though the precise nature of aboutness has never been made clear. In an effort to adequately characterize both moved topics and dangling topics in Mandarin Chinese, this paper proposes that topic structures be Accounted for at the semantic–pragmatic Interface in Mandarin Chinese. It claims that in Mandarin Chinese a topic is licensed if there is a variable in the comment and the set generated by this variable produces a non-empty set when intersecting with the set represented by the topic. The topic licensing condition proposed in the paper, as a further development to the traditional aboutness condition, is a necessary and sufficient condition. It can not only avoid the problems that the traditional aboutness condition has in licensing topics, but also have the advantage of unifying both the moved topic and the base-generated topic.
J C Ruegg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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geodetic displacements and aftershocks following the 2001 mw 8 4 peru earthquake implications for the mechanics of the earthquake cycle along subduction zones
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005Co-Authors: Hugo Perfettini, Jeanphilippe Avouac, J C RueggAbstract:We analyzed aftershocks and postseismic deformation recorded by the continuous GPS station AREQ following the M_w = 8.4, 23 June 2001 Peru earthquake. This station moved by 50 cm trenchward, in a N235°E direction during the coseismic phase, and continued to move in the same direction for an additional 15 cm over the next 2 years. We compare observations with the prediction of a simple one-dimensional (1-D) system of springs, sliders, and dashpot loaded by a constant force, meant to simulate stress transfer during the seismic cycle. The model incorporates a seismogenic fault zone, obeying rate-weakening friction, a zone of deep afterslip, the brittle creep fault zone (BCFZ) obeying rate-strengthening friction, and a zone of viscous flow at depth, the ductile fault zone (DFZ). This simple model captures the main features of the temporal evolution of seismicity and deformation. Our results imply that crustal strain associated with stress accumulation during the interseismic period is probably not stationary over most of the interseismic period. The BCFZ appears to control the early postseismic response (afterslip and aftershocks), although an immediate increase, by a factor of about 1.77, of ductile shear rate is required, placing constraints on the effective viscosity of the DFZ. Following a large subduction earthquake, displacement of inland sites is trenchward in the early phase of the seismic cycle and reverse to landward after a time t i for which an analytical expression is given. This study adds support to the view that the decay rate of aftershocks may be controlled by reloading due to deep afterslip. Given the ratio of preseismic to postseismic viscous creep, we deduce that frictional stresses along the subduction Interface Account for probably 70% of the force transmitted along the plate Interface.
Hugo Perfettini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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geodetic displacements and aftershocks following the 2001 mw 8 4 peru earthquake implications for the mechanics of the earthquake cycle along subduction zones
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005Co-Authors: Hugo Perfettini, Jeanphilippe Avouac, J C RueggAbstract:We analyzed aftershocks and postseismic deformation recorded by the continuous GPS station AREQ following the M_w = 8.4, 23 June 2001 Peru earthquake. This station moved by 50 cm trenchward, in a N235°E direction during the coseismic phase, and continued to move in the same direction for an additional 15 cm over the next 2 years. We compare observations with the prediction of a simple one-dimensional (1-D) system of springs, sliders, and dashpot loaded by a constant force, meant to simulate stress transfer during the seismic cycle. The model incorporates a seismogenic fault zone, obeying rate-weakening friction, a zone of deep afterslip, the brittle creep fault zone (BCFZ) obeying rate-strengthening friction, and a zone of viscous flow at depth, the ductile fault zone (DFZ). This simple model captures the main features of the temporal evolution of seismicity and deformation. Our results imply that crustal strain associated with stress accumulation during the interseismic period is probably not stationary over most of the interseismic period. The BCFZ appears to control the early postseismic response (afterslip and aftershocks), although an immediate increase, by a factor of about 1.77, of ductile shear rate is required, placing constraints on the effective viscosity of the DFZ. Following a large subduction earthquake, displacement of inland sites is trenchward in the early phase of the seismic cycle and reverse to landward after a time t i for which an analytical expression is given. This study adds support to the view that the decay rate of aftershocks may be controlled by reloading due to deep afterslip. Given the ratio of preseismic to postseismic viscous creep, we deduce that frictional stresses along the subduction Interface Account for probably 70% of the force transmitted along the plate Interface.
Jeanphilippe Avouac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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geodetic displacements and aftershocks following the 2001 mw 8 4 peru earthquake implications for the mechanics of the earthquake cycle along subduction zones
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005Co-Authors: Hugo Perfettini, Jeanphilippe Avouac, J C RueggAbstract:We analyzed aftershocks and postseismic deformation recorded by the continuous GPS station AREQ following the M_w = 8.4, 23 June 2001 Peru earthquake. This station moved by 50 cm trenchward, in a N235°E direction during the coseismic phase, and continued to move in the same direction for an additional 15 cm over the next 2 years. We compare observations with the prediction of a simple one-dimensional (1-D) system of springs, sliders, and dashpot loaded by a constant force, meant to simulate stress transfer during the seismic cycle. The model incorporates a seismogenic fault zone, obeying rate-weakening friction, a zone of deep afterslip, the brittle creep fault zone (BCFZ) obeying rate-strengthening friction, and a zone of viscous flow at depth, the ductile fault zone (DFZ). This simple model captures the main features of the temporal evolution of seismicity and deformation. Our results imply that crustal strain associated with stress accumulation during the interseismic period is probably not stationary over most of the interseismic period. The BCFZ appears to control the early postseismic response (afterslip and aftershocks), although an immediate increase, by a factor of about 1.77, of ductile shear rate is required, placing constraints on the effective viscosity of the DFZ. Following a large subduction earthquake, displacement of inland sites is trenchward in the early phase of the seismic cycle and reverse to landward after a time t i for which an analytical expression is given. This study adds support to the view that the decay rate of aftershocks may be controlled by reloading due to deep afterslip. Given the ratio of preseismic to postseismic viscous creep, we deduce that frictional stresses along the subduction Interface Account for probably 70% of the force transmitted along the plate Interface.
Milton J. Rosen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Surfactant-surfactant molecular interactions in mixed monolayers at a highly hydrophobic solid/aqueous solution Interface and their relationship to enhanced spreading on the solid substrate
Langmuir, 2003Co-Authors: Qiong Zhou, Yongfu Wu, Milton J. RosenAbstract:Spreading of mixed aqueous hydrocarbon-chain surfactant solutions on the solid polyethylene (PE) surface has been studied. Synergistic effect on the spreading of the mixed surfactant solution on the PE film has been observed, and the obtained spreading is comparable to superspreading normally obtainable from trisiloxane-based surfactants. Some other interfacial phenomena related to surfactant spreading, such as surfactant−surfactant molecular interactions in the mixtures adsorbed at various Interfaces, dynamic contact angle change of the mixed surfactant solutions during the process of spreading on the hydrophobic PE substrate, and surfactant adsorption at the solid/liquid and air/liquid Interfaces have been investigated. It is suggested that stronger surfactant−surfactant attractive interactions and greater adsorption at the PE powder/aqueous solution Interface than at the air/aqueous solution Interface Account for the observed spreading enhancement in the mixed hydrocarbon-chain surfactant systems, whic...