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Heather Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intergenerational Transfer of time and risk preferences
Journal of Economic Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Heather BrownAbstract:There is a growing interest in individual time and risk preferences. Little is known about how these preferences are formed. It is hypothesised that parents may transmit their preferences to their offspring. This paper examines the correlation in offspring and parental time and risk preferences using data from an annual household survey in Australia (the HILDA survey). Both time and risk preferences are examined and we explored whether the correlation in time and risk preferences varies across the distribution of preferences and across the across the four parent–child dyads (mother/daughter, mother/son, father/daughter, father/son). The results show that there is a significant relationship between parents and their young adult offspring risk and time preference measures. The correlation varies across the distribution of time preferences. The correlation was largest for longer planning horizons. Risk averse parents are more likely to have risk averse children. Except for the father/daughter dyad risk seeking parents are more likely to have risk seeking offspring. Some gender differences were found. The association in parental and offspring time preference was larger for mothers than fathers. Daughters are more likely to be influenced by their mother’s risk preferences, however, sons are equally influenced by both parents. The results of this study suggest that the transmission in preferences is more nuanced than previously thought and parental gender may be important.
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the role of time preferences in the Intergenerational Transfer of smoking
Health Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Heather BrownAbstract:ABSTRACT Evidence suggests that maternal and offspring smoking behaviour is correlated. Little is known about the mechanisms through which this Intergenerational Transfer occurs. This paper explores the role of time preferences. Although time preference is likely to be heritable and correlated with health investments, its role in the Intergenerational transmission of smoking has not been explored previously. This is the first paper to empirically test this. Data (2002, 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2008) from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia are used. Estimates by using a pooled probit model show that there is not a direct effect of maternal time preference, measured in terms of financial planning horizon, on the likelihood that their offspring is a smoker. However, there is an indirect effect of maternal time preference. Sons of mothers that are smokers and have a shorter planning horizon are 6% more likely to smoke than if their mother had a longer planning horizon, and daughters of mothers that smoke with a shorter planning horizon are 7% more likely to smoke themselves than if their mother had a longer planning horizon. © 2013 The Authors. Health Economics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Lisa A Serbin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Intergenerational Transfer of psychosocial risk mediators of vulnerability and resilience
Annual Review of Psychology, 2004Co-Authors: Lisa A Serbin, Jennifer KarpAbstract:The recurrence of social, behavioral, and health problems in successive generations of families is a prevalent theme in both the scientific and popular literatures. This review discusses recent conceptual models and findings from longitudinal studies concerning the Intergenerational Transfer of psychosocial risk, including Intergenerational continuity, and the processes whereby a generation of parents may place their offspring at elevated risk for social, behavioral, and health problems. Key findings include the mediational effects of parenting and environmental factors in the Transfer of risk. In both girls and boys, childhood aggression and antisocial behavior appear to predict long-term trajectories that place offspring at risk. Sequelae of childhood aggression that may threaten the well-being of offspring include school failure, adolescent risk-taking behavior, early and single parenthood, and family poverty. These childhood and adolescent behavioral styles also predict harsh, aggressive, neglectful, ...
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Intergenerational Transfer of psychosocial risk in women with childhood histories of aggression withdrawal or aggression and withdrawal
Developmental Psychology, 1998Co-Authors: Lisa A Serbin, Jessica Cooperman, Patricia L Peters, Pascale M Lehoux, Dale M Stack, Alex E SchwartzmanAbstract:: Intergenerational Transfer of risk between mothers and children, based on mothers' childhood aggression and social withdrawal, was examined in an inner-city sample. Each of the 3 studies reported involved a subset of the 909 female participants in the Concordia Longitudinal Risk Project, initiated when the participants were of school age. Using medical records, Study 1 (n = 853) focused on prediction of teen motherhood, delivery complications during childbirth, multiparity, and close spacing of births. Study 2 (n = 428) examined pathways to school dropout and teen parenthood. Study 3 (n = 89) involved prediction of observed parent and child behavior from mothers' childhood characteristics. Mothers' childhood aggression was consistently predictive of negative outcomes in each area of Intergenerational risk, especially when combined with social withdrawal and low levels of academic achievement. Education was protective: Mothers' years of schooling predicted positive outcomes.
Jennifer Karp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Intergenerational Transfer of psychosocial risk mediators of vulnerability and resilience
Annual Review of Psychology, 2004Co-Authors: Lisa A Serbin, Jennifer KarpAbstract:The recurrence of social, behavioral, and health problems in successive generations of families is a prevalent theme in both the scientific and popular literatures. This review discusses recent conceptual models and findings from longitudinal studies concerning the Intergenerational Transfer of psychosocial risk, including Intergenerational continuity, and the processes whereby a generation of parents may place their offspring at elevated risk for social, behavioral, and health problems. Key findings include the mediational effects of parenting and environmental factors in the Transfer of risk. In both girls and boys, childhood aggression and antisocial behavior appear to predict long-term trajectories that place offspring at risk. Sequelae of childhood aggression that may threaten the well-being of offspring include school failure, adolescent risk-taking behavior, early and single parenthood, and family poverty. These childhood and adolescent behavioral styles also predict harsh, aggressive, neglectful, ...
Alex E Schwartzman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intergenerational Transfer of psychosocial risk in women with childhood histories of aggression withdrawal or aggression and withdrawal
Developmental Psychology, 1998Co-Authors: Lisa A Serbin, Jessica Cooperman, Patricia L Peters, Pascale M Lehoux, Dale M Stack, Alex E SchwartzmanAbstract:: Intergenerational Transfer of risk between mothers and children, based on mothers' childhood aggression and social withdrawal, was examined in an inner-city sample. Each of the 3 studies reported involved a subset of the 909 female participants in the Concordia Longitudinal Risk Project, initiated when the participants were of school age. Using medical records, Study 1 (n = 853) focused on prediction of teen motherhood, delivery complications during childbirth, multiparity, and close spacing of births. Study 2 (n = 428) examined pathways to school dropout and teen parenthood. Study 3 (n = 89) involved prediction of observed parent and child behavior from mothers' childhood characteristics. Mothers' childhood aggression was consistently predictive of negative outcomes in each area of Intergenerational risk, especially when combined with social withdrawal and low levels of academic achievement. Education was protective: Mothers' years of schooling predicted positive outcomes.
Harrie A. A. Verbon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intergenerational Transfers and private savings : An experimental study
1997Co-Authors: E.c.m. Van Der Heijden, Jan H. M. Nelissen, Johannes J. M. Potters, Harrie A. A. VerbonAbstract:SUMMARY This paper presents the results of an overlapping‐generations experiment on the individual choice between Intergenerational Transfers and savings. One dominant finding of our experiment is that if savings are possible individuals choose to (gradually) opt out of the Intergenerational Transfer system. In that case the average individual pay‐offs are lower but their distribution among individuals is less volatile. This suggests that risk aversion is a driving force behind the decline of Intergenerational Transfers. The willingness to give to previous generations does not disappear completely, however. Moreover, the degree of cohesion between successive generations, measured by (lie correlation between current and past Transfers does not diminish significantly after the introduction of (he savings option. ZUSAMMIENEASSUNG Dicser Artikcl prasentierl die ErgebnisseeinesOvcrlapping‐Generations‐Experitnents, indent sich die Tcilnehmer zwisehen tnlergenerationalcn Transfers und Sparen entscheiden mussten. Eines der Hauptergcbnisse besteht darin, dass die Einfuhrung der Mogliehkeit zur individuellen Zukunfts‐vorsorge durch Sparen zu einer (allmahlichen) Zuruckdrangung von intergencrationalen Transfers fuhrt. Im Fall des Sparens isl die durehschnittliche individuclle Auszahlung zwar geringer, dafur aber weniger unsieher. Die Zuruckdrangung Intergenerationaler Transfers lasst sich dahcr durch Risikoaversion erklaren. Dennoch verschwindct die Bereitschaft, an die vorausgehende Generation abzugeben, nicht vollig. Ausserdein vennindert sich die Starke des Zusatnnienhalts zwisehen aufcinanderlolgcnden Generalionen, getnessen durch die Korrelation zwisehen gegenwartigen und fruheren Transfers, nicht wesentlich durch die Einfuhrung der Mogliehkeit des Sparens. RESUME Le papier presente des resultats experimentaux sur les choix individuels entre Transferts inter‐generation et epargnc. Un des resultats principaux est que s'il est possible d'epargncr, alors (progressivement) le (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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Intergenerational Transfers and Private Savings: An Experimental Study
Kyklos, 1997Co-Authors: E.c.m. Van Der Heijden, Jan H. M. Nelissen, Johannes J. M. Potters, Harrie A. A. VerbonAbstract:This paper presents the results of an overlapping-generations experiment on the individual choice between Transfers and savings. One dominant finding of the authors' experiment is that, if savings are possible, individuals choose to (gradually) opt out of the Intergenerational Transfer system. In this case, the average individual payoffs are lower but their distribution among individuals is less volatile. The willingness to give to previous generations does not disappear completely, however. Moreover, the degree of cohesion between successive generations does not diminish significantly after the introduction of the savings option. Coauthors are Jan H. M. Nelissen, Jan J. M. Potters, and Harrie A. A. Verbon. Copyright 1997 by WWZ and Helbing & Lichtenhahn Verlag AG
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Transfers to the old, government debt and demographic change
Journal of Population Economics, 1990Co-Authors: Harrie A. A. VerbonAbstract:In this paper we take the view that policy makers (representing the interests of the living generations in one way or another) take the relationship between (explicit) Intergenerational Transfer systems (including public pension schemes) and government deficits into account. It is assumed that policy makers are behaving altruistically towards past and future generations. Given the behavioral model, an analysis is made of the effects of demographic changes (such as the “baby-boom” of the 1940s and 1950s and the decline of birth rates in the 1970s) on the decisions to be taken with respect to the tax rate of the public pension system and the size of government debt. From the analysis it appears that, with the assumption of altruistic decision-makers, periods of increasing or decreasing debt can occur alternately in periods of demographic change.