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Marco Valente - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Geography of Internet Infrastructure: An Evolutionary Simulation Approach Based on Preferential Attachment
Urban Studies, 2010Co-Authors: Sandra Vinciguerra, Koen Frenken, Marco ValenteAbstract:In this paper, the evolution of Infrastructure networks is modelled as a preferential attachment process. It is assumed that geographical distance and country borders provide barriers to link formation in Infrastructure networks. The model is validated against empirical data on the European Internet Infrastructure network covering 209 cities. The average path length and average clustering coefficient of the observed network are successfully simulated. Furthermore, the simulated network shows a significant correlation with the observed European Internet Infrastructure network. The paper ends with a discussion on the future uses of preferential attachment models in the light of the literature on world cities and global cities.
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the geography of Internet Infrastructure an evolutionary simulation approach based on preferential attachment
2010Co-Authors: Sandra Vinciguerra, Koen Frenken, Marco ValenteAbstract:We model the evolution of Infrastructure networks as a preferential attachment process. We assume that geographical distance and country borders provide barriers to link formation in Infrastructure networks. The model is validated against empirical data on the European Internet Infrastructure network covering 209 cities. We successfully simulate the average path length and average clustering coefficient of the observed network. Furthermore, the simulated network shows a significant correlation with the observed European Internet Infrastructure network. We end with a discussion on the future uses of preferential attachment models in the light of the literature on world cities and global cities.
David G Post - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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controlling Internet Infrastructure the iana transition and icann accountability part ii
Social Science Research Network, 2015Co-Authors: David G Post, Danielle KehlAbstract:In Part 1 of this series on Controlling Internet Infrastructure, we described the “IANA transition,” the U.S. government’s plan to relinquish its special oversight role in connection with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) by terminating the contract pursuant to which ICANN has been managing the Internet’s “domain name system” since 1999. The goal of the IANA transition is to eliminate the contractual lever through which the U.S. government has exercised regulation, oversight, and control over ICANN’s DNS management activities since ICANN was formed in 1998. No element of the transition plan is more important than the design of effective “accountability” mechanisms, and the U.S. government should not proceed with the transition unless and until it has satisfactory answers in hand. In this paper, we employ the tools of constitutional analysis to come up with an effective accountability structure and discuss their application in practice. A constitutional solution for ICANN involves, at a minimum, the following four elements: 1. A clear and precise delineation between the powers that the corporation may, and those that it may not, exercise. 2. A division of the institution’s powers so that they are not concentrated in one set of hands. 3. Internal, institutional mechanism(s) to enforce the constraints of (1) and (2). 4. Transparency and simplicity. We then apply these principles to ICANN’s current structure and proposed changes that will occur as a result of the IANA transition. The goal of this paper is to articulate a clear vision for the design of a new suite of checks and constraints, which we believe is a precondition to the IANA transition and the elimination of the U.S. government’s contractual oversight role in the domain name system.
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Internet Infrastructure and ip censorship
Social Science Research Network, 2015Co-Authors: David G PostAbstract:This paper analyzes an unusual and important phenomenon that has become more widespread in recent years: Using control over access to critical portions of the Internet's technical Infrastructure – the system comprising the underlying protocols for routing, naming, and addressing, along with related technical standards and the agreements, formal and informal, through which they are implemented across the Internet, what Laura DeNardis calls "Critical Internet Resources" (CIRs) – to enforce private and public law. I give three examples that illustrate the nature of this new phenomenon: The global Uniform Dispute Resolution Procedure for domain name/trademark conflicts, the scheme to target "foreign infringing websites" in the SOPA/PIPA copyright bills, and ICANN's recent imposition of "public interest commitments" on all parties seeking to operate top-level Internet domain registries. The article concludes by summarizing a number of reasons why this is generally speaking, a bad idea, articulating a set of core concerns that implementation of such regimes inevitably raise, organized into five categories: concerns about Internet neutrality, legitimacy and institutional competence, due process, free expression, and harm to third parties.
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controlling Internet Infrastructure part 1 the iana transition and why it matters for the future of the Internet
2015Co-Authors: David G Post, Danielle KehlAbstract:On March 14, 2014, the United States government announced its intention to end its direct role in overseeing the Internet’s Domain Name System (DNS). The IANA transition, as it is called, is a moment of critical importance in the history of the global network and the relationship between network governance and government control. It is an extraordinarily complex undertaking, both technically and legally, and there is a great deal at stake — but only a small handful of people understand the full scope of the problems involved and can participate intelligently in the public discussion about what entity or system should replace the U.S. government’s role in DNS oversight. It is thus an unfortunate combination of circumstances for informed decision-making and public discussion. This paper seeks to fill at least a part of that gap.The current IANA transition is the logical culmination of the sequence initiated in the 1998-’99 transition, and it presents a significant opportunity for the United States and for the global community of Internet users. Over time, the justifications for a special role for the U.S. government in managing the evolution of the Internet and its governance systems have considerably weakened, as a consequence of both the Internet’s vastly expanding global reach and of questions about the U.S. government’s ability to claim any kind of neutral “stewardship” role for itself with respect to Internet affairs. The IANA transition also has important symbolic significance: it is a formal recognition by the United States that the Internet, which the United States government helped usher into existence 30 years ago, is now truly a global public trust. The Internet’s core Infrastructure, rather than being the special purview of any one country’s exclusive jurisdiction, needs to evolve in ways that benefit all users, world-wide. And a strong, consensus-based, non-governmental, multi-stakeholder institution at the policy-making center of the DNS is likely to be the best way to ensure that the Internet Infrastructure remains free from undue governmental influence. Yet the risks the transition poses are also high. The DNS is, by design, essentially invisible to the vast majority of Internet users, but if it were to break down, or fragment into multiple competing systems, the impact on Internet use around the world would be substantial. Furthermore, in the wrong hands control over the DNS can be leveraged into control over a much broader universe of Internet activity and communication than that encompassed by the DNS alone. Freed from U.S. government oversight, what is to prevent ICANN from inserting itself into global law-enforcement or governance role far removed from its core commitment to insuring that the DNS runs smoothly and efficiently? The stakes are high, for everyone who uses the Internet and everyone who is concerned with its future development as a global communications platform. Designing a transition plan that achieves the goal of relinquishing the U.S. government’s oversight over the DNS while eliminating (or at least minimizing) the risks will be a difficult task, one that will require considerably more public attention and debate than it has received up to now. This paper, by explaining the nature of the challenges and the opportunities presented by the transition, lays some of the foundation for that debate, as well as for subsequent papers in this series, in which we will address in greater detail the substance of specific transition proposals now under development, along with our recommendations concerning implementation of what we believe to be the key components of a successful transition process.
Sandra Vinciguerra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Geography of Internet Infrastructure: An Evolutionary Simulation Approach Based on Preferential Attachment
Urban Studies, 2010Co-Authors: Sandra Vinciguerra, Koen Frenken, Marco ValenteAbstract:In this paper, the evolution of Infrastructure networks is modelled as a preferential attachment process. It is assumed that geographical distance and country borders provide barriers to link formation in Infrastructure networks. The model is validated against empirical data on the European Internet Infrastructure network covering 209 cities. The average path length and average clustering coefficient of the observed network are successfully simulated. Furthermore, the simulated network shows a significant correlation with the observed European Internet Infrastructure network. The paper ends with a discussion on the future uses of preferential attachment models in the light of the literature on world cities and global cities.
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the geography of Internet Infrastructure an evolutionary simulation approach based on preferential attachment
2010Co-Authors: Sandra Vinciguerra, Koen Frenken, Marco ValenteAbstract:We model the evolution of Infrastructure networks as a preferential attachment process. We assume that geographical distance and country borders provide barriers to link formation in Infrastructure networks. The model is validated against empirical data on the European Internet Infrastructure network covering 209 cities. We successfully simulate the average path length and average clustering coefficient of the observed network. Furthermore, the simulated network shows a significant correlation with the observed European Internet Infrastructure network. We end with a discussion on the future uses of preferential attachment models in the light of the literature on world cities and global cities.
David B Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lessons from a full scale multihop wireless ad hoc network testbed
IEEE Personal Communications, 2001Co-Authors: David A Maltz, J Broch, David B JohnsonAbstract:This article describes our experiences building a multihop wireless ad hoc network of eight nodes driving around a 700 m by 300 m site. Each node runs the dynamic source routing protocol and interfaces seamlessly with existing Internet Infrastructure and the Mobile IP protocol. We present quantitative results from data collected during runs of our testbed under a composite workload including voice, bulk data, and real-time data. Based on careful analysis of our data, we highlight radio propagation issues that network protocols will need to address in the future.
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experiences designing and building a multi hop wireless ad hoc network testbed
1999Co-Authors: David A Maltz, J Broch, David B JohnsonAbstract:Abstract : In this paper, we describe our experiences building a multi-hop wireless ad hoc network of 8 nodes driving around a 700 m by 300 m site. Each node runs the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol and interfaces seamlessly with existing Internet Infrastructure and the Mobile IP protocol. The issues discussed in this paper range from logistical and management issues, to protocol design and performance analysis issues. We also present an early characterization of the testbed performance, and describe a significant new challenge for ad hoc network routing protocols. The major goal of the paper, however, is to share our experiences, in the belief that they may be useful to others who attempt to build other ad hoc network testbeds.
Gesti Anggraini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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building indonesia s national cyber defense and security to face the global cyber threats through indonesia security incident response team on Internet Infrastructure id sirtii
Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara, 2019Co-Authors: Adi Rio Arianto, Gesti AnggrainiAbstract:The establishment of the “Indonesia Security Incident Response Team on Internet Infrastructure (ID-SIRTII)” is a tactical step by the Indonesian Ministry of Information and Communication to ensure the stability of national information regarding cyber protection and all forms of threats. This study explores the urgency of ID-SIRTII to prevent global cyber threats. The study found that cyber threats in Indonesia are very complex, seeing the variations of actors, motives, and targets (civil or military purpose). This complexity can be explained through the following four aspects, namely : (1) by understanding of Geometripolitic studies in cyber, there are at least two domains that can be reached, namely “the using of cyber for high-politics purposes (military)”by formulating and activating of Cyberpower to face the Global Cyber War(PSG), Wold Geometri War (PGA), and the forming of “Siber State or Siber Government”; and “the use of cyber for low-politics purposes (civil)”by the protection of civil activities in cyberspace; (2) in order to prevent the spread of national cyber crime, the implementation of the ID-SIRTII policy is integrated with the national cyber institutions; (3) in order to prevent the Global Cyber Threat, the implementation of ID-SIRTII policies needs to be strengthened and well-integrated with the regional and global cyber institutions; and (4) considering of the two “functionalism of cyber” also to form a structuralism of Indonesian National Defense and Security system in the cyber sector, nowdays Indonesia needs to build a CyberForce as a complement to the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Keywords: defense, security,cyber, ID-SIRTII, cyber force
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membangun pertahanan dan keamanan siber nasional indonesia guna menghadapi ancaman siber global melalui indonesia security incident response team on Internet Infrastructure id sirtii
Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara, 2019Co-Authors: Adi Rio Arianto, Gesti AnggrainiAbstract:Terbentuknya “Indonesia Security Incident Response Team on Internet Infrastructure (ID-SIRTII)” merupakan langkah taktis dari Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika Republik Indonesia guna mewujudkan stabilitas informasi, perlindungan siber, dan segala bentuk ancamannya. Studi ini mendalami pentingnya ID-SIRTII dalam mencegah ancaman siber global. Hasil studi menemukan bahwa ancaman siber di Indonesia sangat kompleks, melihat variasi dari aktor, motif, dan targetnya. Kompleksitas ini dapat dijelaskan melalui empat aspek berikut, yaitu: (1) berangkat dari studi Geometripolitika, fungsionalisme siber berada dalam dua domain, yaitu “fungsionalisme siber untuk tujuan politik tingkat tinggi (geometrik militer)” berupa formulasi dan aktivasi kekuasaan Siber guna menghadapi Perang Siber Global (PSG), Perang Geometri Antarbangsa (PGA), dan kompleksitas terbentuknya Negara Maya atau Pemerintahan Siber; dan “fungsionalisme siber untuk tujuan politik tingkat normal (geometrik sipil)” berupa perlindungan aktivitas sipil di dunia maya; (2) guna mencegah kejahatan siber, implementasi kebijakan ID-SIRTII terintegrasi dengan peran strategis institusi siber nasional; (3) guna menghadapi Ancaman Siber Global, implementasi kebijakan ID-SIRTII perlu terintegrasi dengan institusi siber regional dan global; dan (4) berangkat dari “fungsionalisme siber” dan untuk menciptakan suatu strukturalisme Pertahanan dan Keamanan Siber Nasional Indonesia, sudah saatnya Indonesia membentuk Angkatan Siber sebagai pelengkap dari Angkatan Darat, Agkatan Laut, dan Angkatan Udara. Kata Kunci: pertahanan, keamanan, siber, ID-SIRTII, angkatan siber