The Experts below are selected from a list of 3402 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Daniel C Mcfarland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of an inpatient hematology oncology ward rotation on medical house staff interest in pursuing hematology oncology as a career
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2015Co-Authors: Daniel C Mcfarland, Jimmie C Holland, Randall F HolcombeAbstract:e17559 Background: There is an oncologist workforce shortage. Medical sub-specialty training experiences influence residents’ career choices. We hypothesized that an inpatient ward rotation may increase residents’ interest in hematology-oncology. Resident distress, empathy, resilience, and patient death experiences were explored as reasons that would mitigate interest. Methods: Agreement with “I am interested in pursuing a career/fellowship in hematology and oncology”, was rated by residents before and after a hematology-oncology rotation where 0 = not true at all, 1 = rarely true, 2 = sometimes true, 3 = often true, 4 = true nearly all the time. Residents completed the Connors-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Demographic information, number of dying patients, and derived meaning from working with dying patients were surveyed. Results: Fifty-six residents completed before and after rotation questionnaires (response r...
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stress and empathy among internal medicine trainees on an inpatient hematology oncology ward
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2014Co-Authors: Daniel C Mcfarland, Katherine Kirkwood, Robert G MakiAbstract:231 Background: Effectively managing patient distress in oncology is challenging. Just as patients and their families experience distress over cancer, trainees in oncology also experience distress. This study evaluates whether increased physician-in-training distress acutely reduces empathy. Terror Management Theory provides the theoretical framework for the hypothesis. Methods: 35 internal medicine interns and residents completed a pre and post rotation Impact of Events (IES) and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) for comparison after 2-4 weeks. IES and IRI measure distress and empathy respectively. Results: Overall IRI empathy decreased (paired t-test, p=0.02) but only significantly in the Fantasy subscale (p=0.008). Empathy scores were below historical controls and did not differ between males and females (p=0.06). Pre and post rotation IES scores averaged 19.7 and 20.7. Distress was significant (>8) in 82% and 88% and severe (>33-PTSD range) in 20% and 22% of Pre/Post IES, respectively. Time on the ...
Lucas Manarte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative analysis and validation of the portuguese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index
Psilogos, 2018Co-Authors: Lucas Manarte, Antonio Ramos AndradeAbstract:Introduction: Empathy has received greater attention in research with the creation of an Interpersonal Reactivity Index, designed to measure this factor through a multidimensional approach. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index is assessed using a 28-item self-reported questionnaire with four seven-item scales. The Index and the questionnaire have been translated into many languages, namely Portuguese. Objective: The present study aims to develop, translate and validate the Interpersonal Reactivity Index for the Portuguese language. Moreover, it compares the original four-factor model with several modified models in the literature. Methods: A sample (n=275) was analysed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The original model was contrasted with modified models, reporting internal consistency statistics and their fit indices. The same structure was found in the sample with good fit indices. Results: The internal reliability of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index was not excellent (<0.90), but it is in line with the literature. Conclusions: The comparison with other modified versions of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index’s latent factor structure revealed two models with better fits than the original version, and the potential for a shortened version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The latter is a valid instrument to measure empathy in the Portuguese population, in line with previous findings, namely with a previous validation into Portuguese. However, some changes to the original latent structure provide a better data fit than the original one.
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towards a new structure of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index reliability and validation of the portuguese version a comparative analysis
European Psychiatry, 2017Co-Authors: Lucas ManarteAbstract:Objective Empathy has received a lot of attention with the creation of an Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). IRI is assessed using a 28-item questionnaire with four 7-item scales: – perspective-taking (PT) scale; – fantasy (FS) scale; – empathic concern (EC) scale and iv) personal distress (PD) scale. Such questionnaires have been translated in many languages (see Table 1 ). This work aims to compare the original model with existing modified, hierarchical, shortened models in the literature and to also translate and validate the IRI for Portuguese. Methods A convenience sampling was used ( n = 130) to conduct confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using AMOS software. The original four-factor model is contrasted with modified, hierarchical and shortened models proposed in the literature, reporting internal consistency statistics and their fit indices. Results The same structure of factors was found in the sample with reasonably good fit indices χ2/df = 1.57, CFI = 0.77, AGFI = 0.72 and RMSEA = 0.067. Internal reliability for each scale of the IRI was not excellent ( Conclusion IRI is a valid instrument to measure empathy in the Portuguese Population and is in line with previous findings. Some modifications to the original latent structure provide a better data fit than the original one.
Francisco Pablo Holgado Tello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interpersonal Reactivity Index analysis of invariance and gender differences in spanish youths
Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 2013Co-Authors: Francisco Pablo Holgado Tello, Miguel Angel Carrasco Ortiz, Begona Delgado Egido, M V Del Barrio GandaraAbstract:Empathy is understood as a multidimensional construct involving both cognitive and emotional factors for which, traditionally, gender differences have been reported. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis in Catalog Sel Documents Psychol 10:1-19, 1980) is an instrument made up of four subscales, each measuring a different dimension of the global concept of empathy. Attending to gender differences, the present study's objective is twofold. First, it aims to determine, conceptually speaking, whether or not the model analyzed by this instrument is equivalent for the two sexes. Second, it aims to determine which dimensions involved in empathy most strongly predict gender differences. The results convey that the proposed model is invariant between boys and girls, although the dimensions exhibited significant differences of magnitude as a function of sex. Mainly two variables (Considerate Social Style and Impassiveness) were capable of distinguishing between men and women. Possible reasons for these results are also discussed.
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propiedades psicometricas del Interpersonal Reactivity Index iri en poblacion infantil y adolescente espanola
Psicothema, 2011Co-Authors: Miguel Angel Carrasco Ortiz, Begona Delgado Egido, Maria Isabel Barbero Garcia, Francisco Pablo Holgado Tello, Maria Victoria Del Barrio GandaraAbstract:El presente estudio explora la dimensionalidad del Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980) en una muestra de 721 sujetos espanoles entre 9 y 16 anos. Se realizaron diferentes analisis exploratorios como base para la propuesta de un analisis factorial confirmatorio de cinco factores de primer orden (Empatia Intelectual, Empatia Emocional Positiva, Empatia Emocional Desorganizadora, Empatia Virtual e Impasibilidad), de los cuales los dos primeros anidan en uno de segundo orden, "Estilo Social Considerado", que constituye una dimension global de empatia positiva. Las diferentes dimensiones presentan niveles de fiabilidad y evidencias de validez adecuadas. El modelo resultante supone una alternativa robusta que incorpora nuevos componentes en la evaluacion de la empatia.
Miguel Angel Carrasco Ortiz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interpersonal Reactivity Index analysis of invariance and gender differences in spanish youths
Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 2013Co-Authors: Francisco Pablo Holgado Tello, Miguel Angel Carrasco Ortiz, Begona Delgado Egido, M V Del Barrio GandaraAbstract:Empathy is understood as a multidimensional construct involving both cognitive and emotional factors for which, traditionally, gender differences have been reported. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis in Catalog Sel Documents Psychol 10:1-19, 1980) is an instrument made up of four subscales, each measuring a different dimension of the global concept of empathy. Attending to gender differences, the present study's objective is twofold. First, it aims to determine, conceptually speaking, whether or not the model analyzed by this instrument is equivalent for the two sexes. Second, it aims to determine which dimensions involved in empathy most strongly predict gender differences. The results convey that the proposed model is invariant between boys and girls, although the dimensions exhibited significant differences of magnitude as a function of sex. Mainly two variables (Considerate Social Style and Impassiveness) were capable of distinguishing between men and women. Possible reasons for these results are also discussed.
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propiedades psicometricas del Interpersonal Reactivity Index iri en poblacion infantil y adolescente espanola
Psicothema, 2011Co-Authors: Miguel Angel Carrasco Ortiz, Begona Delgado Egido, Maria Isabel Barbero Garcia, Francisco Pablo Holgado Tello, Maria Victoria Del Barrio GandaraAbstract:El presente estudio explora la dimensionalidad del Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980) en una muestra de 721 sujetos espanoles entre 9 y 16 anos. Se realizaron diferentes analisis exploratorios como base para la propuesta de un analisis factorial confirmatorio de cinco factores de primer orden (Empatia Intelectual, Empatia Emocional Positiva, Empatia Emocional Desorganizadora, Empatia Virtual e Impasibilidad), de los cuales los dos primeros anidan en uno de segundo orden, "Estilo Social Considerado", que constituye una dimension global de empatia positiva. Las diferentes dimensiones presentan niveles de fiabilidad y evidencias de validez adecuadas. El modelo resultante supone una alternativa robusta que incorpora nuevos componentes en la evaluacion de la empatia.
Sara Konrath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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empathic concern and perspective taking linear and quadratic effects of age across the adult life span
Journals of Gerontology Series B-psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Ed Obrien, Daniel Grühn, Sara Konrath, Anna Linda HagenAbstract:OBJECTIVE We investigated linear and quadratic effects of age on self-reported empathy in three large cross-sectional samples of American adults aged 18-90 years. METHOD Participants completed subscales of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1983), allowing us to independently assess an emotional component of empathy ("empathic concern") and a cognitive component of empathy ("perspective taking") across the adult life span. RESULTS For both measures and in all three samples, we found evidence for an inverse-U-shaped pattern across age: Middle-aged adults reported higher empathy than both young adults and older adults. We also found a consistent gender difference: Women reported more empathy than men. We did not find systematic differences by ethnicity. However, neither gender nor ethnicity interacted with age effects. DISCUSSION We discuss the inverse-U-shaped age pattern, in terms of aging versus cohort influences, and how it complements and extends the existing literature on empathy and age.
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changes in dispositional empathy in american college students over time a meta analysis
Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2011Co-Authors: Sara Konrath, Ed Obrien, Courtney K HsingAbstract:The current study examines changes over time in a commonly used measure of dispositional empathy. A cross-temporal meta-analysis was conducted on 72 samples of American college students who completed at least one of the four subscales (Empathic Concern, Perspective Taking, Fantasy, and Personal Distress) of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) between 1979 and 2009 (total N = 13,737). Overall, the authors found changes in the most prototypically empathic subscales of the IRI: Empathic Concern was most sharply dropping, followed by Perspective Taking. The IRI Fantasy and Personal Distress subscales exhibited no changes over time. Additional analyses found that the declines in Perspective Taking and Empathic Concern are relatively recent phenomena and are most pronounced in samples from after 2000.
