The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dietmar Spengler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Mitochondrion as Potential Interface in Early-Life Stress Brain Programming
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Anke Hoffmann, Dietmar SpenglerAbstract:Mitochondria play a central role in cellular energy-generating processes and are master regulators of cell life. They provide the energy necessary to reinstate and sustain homeostasis in response to stress, and to launch energy intensive adaptation programs to ensure an organism’s survival and future well-being. By this means, mitochondria are particularly apt to mediate brain programming by early-life stress and to serve at the same time as a subcellular target of the stress response. With a focus on mitochondria’s integrated role in metabolism, neurosteroid synthesis, and oxidative stress, we review current findings on altered mitochondrial function in the brain, the placenta, and peripheral blood cells following early life stress-dependent programming in rodents and recent insights from humans exposed to early life adversity. Concluding, we propose a role of the mitochondrion as subcellular Intersection Point connecting early-life stress, brain programming, and mental well-being, and a role as a potential site for therapeutic interventions in individuals exposed to severe early-life stress.
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The Mitochondrion as Potential Interface in Early-Life Stress Brain Programming
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Anke Hoffmann, Dietmar SpenglerAbstract:Mitochondria play a central role in cellular energy-generating processes and are master regulators of cell life. They provide the energy necessary to reinstate and sustain homeostasis in response to stress, and to launch energy intensive adaptation programs to ensure an organism’s survival and future well-being. By this means, mitochondria are particularly apt to mediate brain programming by early-life stress (ELS) and to serve at the same time as subcellular substrate in the programming process. With a focus on mitochondria’s integrated role in metabolism, steroidogenesis and oxidative stress, we review current findings on altered mitochondrial function in the brain, the placenta and peripheral blood cells following ELS-dependent programming in rodents and recent insights from humans exposed to early life adversity (ELA). Concluding, we propose a role of the mitochondrion as subcellular Intersection Point connecting ELS, brain programming and mental well-being, and a role as a potential site for therapeutic interventions in individuals exposed to severe ELS
Anke Hoffmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Mitochondrion as Potential Interface in Early-Life Stress Brain Programming
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Anke Hoffmann, Dietmar SpenglerAbstract:Mitochondria play a central role in cellular energy-generating processes and are master regulators of cell life. They provide the energy necessary to reinstate and sustain homeostasis in response to stress, and to launch energy intensive adaptation programs to ensure an organism’s survival and future well-being. By this means, mitochondria are particularly apt to mediate brain programming by early-life stress and to serve at the same time as a subcellular target of the stress response. With a focus on mitochondria’s integrated role in metabolism, neurosteroid synthesis, and oxidative stress, we review current findings on altered mitochondrial function in the brain, the placenta, and peripheral blood cells following early life stress-dependent programming in rodents and recent insights from humans exposed to early life adversity. Concluding, we propose a role of the mitochondrion as subcellular Intersection Point connecting early-life stress, brain programming, and mental well-being, and a role as a potential site for therapeutic interventions in individuals exposed to severe early-life stress.
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The Mitochondrion as Potential Interface in Early-Life Stress Brain Programming
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Anke Hoffmann, Dietmar SpenglerAbstract:Mitochondria play a central role in cellular energy-generating processes and are master regulators of cell life. They provide the energy necessary to reinstate and sustain homeostasis in response to stress, and to launch energy intensive adaptation programs to ensure an organism’s survival and future well-being. By this means, mitochondria are particularly apt to mediate brain programming by early-life stress (ELS) and to serve at the same time as subcellular substrate in the programming process. With a focus on mitochondria’s integrated role in metabolism, steroidogenesis and oxidative stress, we review current findings on altered mitochondrial function in the brain, the placenta and peripheral blood cells following ELS-dependent programming in rodents and recent insights from humans exposed to early life adversity (ELA). Concluding, we propose a role of the mitochondrion as subcellular Intersection Point connecting ELS, brain programming and mental well-being, and a role as a potential site for therapeutic interventions in individuals exposed to severe ELS
Theodore E. Matikas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cyclic loading of a sic fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite reveals damage mechanisms and thermal residual stress state
Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing, 2013Co-Authors: Konstantinos G Dassios, Evangelos Z. Kordatos, Dimitrios G Aggelis, Theodore E. MatikasAbstract:Abstract This study reports on the effects of axial thermal residual stresses, cyclic loading and presence of notches on the tensile performance of a SiC-fiber-reinforced barium–magnesium–alumina–silicate (BMAS) ceramic matrix composite. The residual stress state of the composite was experimentally measured by interrogation of the tensile curves at a uniquely well-defined common Intersection Point of unloading–reloading cycles in the tensile domain. Notch presence was critical on the material’s mechanical response and promoted catastrophic failure shortly after the achievement of a saturated matrix crack state. The result of cyclic loading was an increase by 20% in sustainable stress throughout loading, as compared to pure tension. Scatter in elastic properties within specimens of different notch-to-width ratios was reconciled with theoretical expectations by application of a translation vector approach in the stress–strain plane, based on the material’s residual stress state. Acoustic emission and infrared thermography provided valuable insight into damage identification, location and sequence.
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large scale interfacial damage and residual stresses in a glass ceramic matrix composite
Composite Interfaces, 2012Co-Authors: Konstantinos G Dassios, Theodore E. MatikasAbstract:The current work is concerned with the micro-mechanics of fracture of a SiC-fiber-reinforced barium osumilite (BMAS) ceramic matrix composite tested under both monotonic and cyclic tension. The double-edge notch (DEN) specimen configuration was employed in order to confine material damage within a predefined gage length. The imposition of successive loops of unloading to complete load relaxation and subsequent reloading were found to result in an increase by 20% in material strength as compared to pure tension; the finding is attributed to energy dissipation from large-scale interfacial debonding phenomena that dominated the post-elastic mechanical behavior of the composite. Cyclic loading also helped establish the axial residual stress state of the fibers in the composite, of tensile nature, via a well-defined common Intersection Point of unloading–reloading cycles. An approach consisting of the application of a translation vector in the stress–strain plane was successfully used to derive the residual st...
Jiazhen Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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study on the residual stress and warping of stiffened panel produced by electron beam freeform fabrication
Materials & Design, 2016Co-Authors: Wuzhu Yan, Zhufeng Yue, Jiazhen ZhangAbstract:Abstract In the present work, the process of depositing stiffeners on a flat plate by electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF) was analyzed by uncoupled thermal–mechanical finite element (FE) simulation. The deposition of the stiffeners was realized by two steps: (I) stiffeners were deposited on the positive side of the panel and cooled to room temperature and (II) stiffeners were deposited on the reverse side of the panel and cooled to room temperature. The simulation results showed that the warping direction of the panel is opposite to the stacking direction of the stiffeners. The transient temperature mainly distributed along the roots of stiffeners, and the lowest temperature occurred at the center of the grid formed by the stiffeners. The maximum residual stress occurred at the Intersection Point of the stiffeners. After step II, the warping the panel was reduced by 63% comparing to the warping after step I.
Wuzhu Yan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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study on the residual stress and warping of stiffened panel produced by electron beam freeform fabrication
Materials & Design, 2016Co-Authors: Wuzhu Yan, Zhufeng Yue, Jiazhen ZhangAbstract:Abstract In the present work, the process of depositing stiffeners on a flat plate by electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF) was analyzed by uncoupled thermal–mechanical finite element (FE) simulation. The deposition of the stiffeners was realized by two steps: (I) stiffeners were deposited on the positive side of the panel and cooled to room temperature and (II) stiffeners were deposited on the reverse side of the panel and cooled to room temperature. The simulation results showed that the warping direction of the panel is opposite to the stacking direction of the stiffeners. The transient temperature mainly distributed along the roots of stiffeners, and the lowest temperature occurred at the center of the grid formed by the stiffeners. The maximum residual stress occurred at the Intersection Point of the stiffeners. After step II, the warping the panel was reduced by 63% comparing to the warping after step I.
