The Experts below are selected from a list of 5100 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Asger Lund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the separate and combined impact of the Intestinal Hormones gip glp 1 and glp 2 on glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes
American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism, 2011Co-Authors: Asger Lund, Tina Vilsboll, Jonatan I Bagger, Jens J Holst, Filip K KnopAbstract:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with reduced suppression of glucagon during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), whereas isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) results in normal glucagon suppression in these patients. We examined the role of the Intestinal Hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) in this discrepancy. Glucagon responses were measured during a 3-h 50-g OGTT (day A) and an IIGI (day B) in 10 patients with T2DM [age (mean ± SE), 51 ± 3 yr; body mass index, 33 ± 2 kg/m(2); HbA(1c), 6.5 ± 0.2%]. During four additional IIGIs, GIP (day C), GLP-1 (day D), GLP-2 (day E) and a combination of the three (day F) were infused intravenously. Isoglycemia during all six study days was obtained. As expected, no suppression of glucagon occurred during the initial phase of the OGTT, whereas significantly (P < 0.05) lower plasma levels of glucagon during the first 30 min of the IIGI (day B) were observed. The glucagon response during the IIGI + GIP + GLP-1 + GLP-2 infusion (day F) equaled the inappropriate glucagon response to OGTT (P = not significant). The separate GIP infusion (day C) elicited significant hypersecretion of glucagon, whereas GLP-1 infusion (day D) resulted in enhancement of glucagon suppression during IIGI. IIGI + GLP-2 infusion (day E) resulted in a glucagon response in the midrange between the glucagon responses to OGTT and IIGI. Our results indicate that the Intestinal Hormones, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2, may play a role in the inappropriate glucagon response to orally ingested glucose in T2DM with, especially, GIP, acting to increase glucagon secretion.
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the separate and combined impact of the Intestinal Hormones gip glp 1 and glp 2 on glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes
American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism, 2011Co-Authors: Asger Lund, Tina Vilsboll, Jonatan I Bagger, Jens J Holst, Filip K KnopAbstract:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with reduced suppression of glucagon during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), whereas isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) results in norm...
Michael Horowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impact of gastric emptying and small Intestinal transit on blood glucose, Intestinal Hormones, glucose absorption in the morbidly obese
International Journal of Obesity, 2018Co-Authors: Nam Q Nguyen, Tamara L Debreceni, Jenna E Burgess, Max Bellon, Judith Wishart, Scott Standfield, Charles-henri Malbert, Michael HorowitzAbstract:Objective: This study evaluated gastric emptying (GE) and small Intestinal (SI) transit in people with morbid obesity and their relationships to glycaemia, incretin Hormones, and glucose absorption Methods: GE and caecal arrival time (CAT) of a mixed meal were assessed in 22 morbidly obese (50.2 ± 2.5 years; 13 F:9 M; BMI: 48.6 ± 1.8 kg/m^2) and 10 lean (38.6 ± 8.4 years; 5 F:5 M; BMI: 23.9 ± 0.7 kg/m^2) subjects, using scintigraphy. Blood glucose, plasma 3-O-methylglucose, insulin, glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Insulin sensitivity and resistance were also quantified Results: When compared with lean subjects, GE (t50: 60.7 ± 6.5 vs. 41.1 ± 7.3 min; P = 0.04) and CAT (221.5 ± 9.8 vs. 148.0 ± 7.1 min; P = 0.001) of solids were prolonged in morbid obesity. Postprandial rises in GIP ( P = 0.001), insulin ( P = 0.02), glucose ( P = 0.03) and 3-O-methylglucose ( P = 0.001) were less. Whereas GLP-1 increased at 45 mins post-prandially in lean subjects, there was no increase in the obese ( P = 0.04). Both fasting ( P = 0.045) and postprandial ( P = 0.012) plasma glucagon concentrations were higher in the obese Conclusions: GE and SI transit are slower in the morbidly obese, and associated with reductions in postprandial glucose absorption, and glycaemic excursions, as well as plasma GIP and GLP-1
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impact of gastric emptying and small Intestinal transit on blood glucose Intestinal Hormones glucose absorption in the morbidly obese
International Journal of Obesity, 2018Co-Authors: Nam Q Nguyen, Tamara L Debreceni, Jenna E Burgess, Max Bellon, Judith Wishart, Scott Standfield, Charles-henri Malbert, Michael HorowitzAbstract:This study evaluated gastric emptying (GE) and small Intestinal (SI) transit in people with morbid obesity and their relationships to glycaemia, incretin Hormones, and glucose absorption GE and caecal arrival time (CAT) of a mixed meal were assessed in 22 morbidly obese (50.2 ± 2.5 years; 13 F:9 M; BMI: 48.6 ± 1.8 kg/m2) and 10 lean (38.6 ± 8.4 years; 5 F:5 M; BMI: 23.9 ± 0.7 kg/m2) subjects, using scintigraphy. Blood glucose, plasma 3-O-methylglucose, insulin, glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Insulin sensitivity and resistance were also quantified When compared with lean subjects, GE (t50: 60.7 ± 6.5 vs. 41.1 ± 7.3 min; P = 0.04) and CAT (221.5 ± 9.8 vs. 148.0 ± 7.1 min; P = 0.001) of solids were prolonged in morbid obesity. Postprandial rises in GIP (P = 0.001), insulin (P = 0.02), glucose (P = 0.03) and 3-O-methylglucose (P = 0.001) were less. Whereas GLP-1 increased at 45 mins post-prandially in lean subjects, there was no increase in the obese (P = 0.04). Both fasting (P = 0.045) and postprandial (P = 0.012) plasma glucagon concentrations were higher in the obese GE and SI transit are slower in the morbidly obese, and associated with reductions in postprandial glucose absorption, and glycaemic excursions, as well as plasma GIP and GLP-1
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rapid gastric and Intestinal transit is a major determinant of changes in blood glucose Intestinal Hormones glucose absorption and postprandial symptoms after gastric bypass
Obesity, 2014Co-Authors: Nam Q Nguyen, Tamara L Debreceni, Max Bellon, Judith Wishart, Scott Standfield, Jenna E Bambrick, Christopher K Rayner, Michael HorowitzAbstract:Objective To evaluate the effect of modulating pouch emptying (PE) and SI transit of glucose after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on blood glucose, incretin Hormones, glucose absorption and gastroIntestinal (GI) symptoms. Methods Ten RYGB patients were studied twice in random order, receiving either a 150 ml glucose drink (200 kcal) or the same solution infused into the proximal Roux-limb at 4 kcal/min. Data were compared with 10 healthy volunteers who received a 4 kcal/min duodenal infusion. PE, cecal arrival time (CAT), blood glucose, plasma 3-O-methylglucose (3-OMG), insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and GI symptoms were measured. Results In RYGB subjects, the glucose drink emptied very rapidly (PE t50 = 3 ± 1 min) and Intestinal glucose infusion was associated with higher blood glucose and plasma 3-OMG, but lower plasma GLP-1, GIP, insulin, and GI symptoms than oral glucose (all P < 0.001), and comparable to volunteers. In RYGB subjects, CAT correlated inversely with peak GLP-1 (r = −0.73, P = 0.01), and plasma 3-OMG correlated tightly blood glucose (r = 0.94, P < 0.0001). Conclusions After RYGB, reducing Intestinal glucose delivery to 4 kcal/min is associated with higher blood glucose, greater glucose absorption, lower incretin responses, and less GI symptoms, supporting rapid transit contribution to the exaggerated incretin responses and “dumping symptoms”.
Filip K Knop - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the separate and combined impact of the Intestinal Hormones gip glp 1 and glp 2 on glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes
American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism, 2011Co-Authors: Asger Lund, Tina Vilsboll, Jonatan I Bagger, Jens J Holst, Filip K KnopAbstract:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with reduced suppression of glucagon during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), whereas isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) results in normal glucagon suppression in these patients. We examined the role of the Intestinal Hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) in this discrepancy. Glucagon responses were measured during a 3-h 50-g OGTT (day A) and an IIGI (day B) in 10 patients with T2DM [age (mean ± SE), 51 ± 3 yr; body mass index, 33 ± 2 kg/m(2); HbA(1c), 6.5 ± 0.2%]. During four additional IIGIs, GIP (day C), GLP-1 (day D), GLP-2 (day E) and a combination of the three (day F) were infused intravenously. Isoglycemia during all six study days was obtained. As expected, no suppression of glucagon occurred during the initial phase of the OGTT, whereas significantly (P < 0.05) lower plasma levels of glucagon during the first 30 min of the IIGI (day B) were observed. The glucagon response during the IIGI + GIP + GLP-1 + GLP-2 infusion (day F) equaled the inappropriate glucagon response to OGTT (P = not significant). The separate GIP infusion (day C) elicited significant hypersecretion of glucagon, whereas GLP-1 infusion (day D) resulted in enhancement of glucagon suppression during IIGI. IIGI + GLP-2 infusion (day E) resulted in a glucagon response in the midrange between the glucagon responses to OGTT and IIGI. Our results indicate that the Intestinal Hormones, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2, may play a role in the inappropriate glucagon response to orally ingested glucose in T2DM with, especially, GIP, acting to increase glucagon secretion.
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the separate and combined impact of the Intestinal Hormones gip glp 1 and glp 2 on glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes
American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism, 2011Co-Authors: Asger Lund, Tina Vilsboll, Jonatan I Bagger, Jens J Holst, Filip K KnopAbstract:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with reduced suppression of glucagon during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), whereas isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) results in norm...
Nam Q Nguyen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impact of gastric emptying and small Intestinal transit on blood glucose, Intestinal Hormones, glucose absorption in the morbidly obese
International Journal of Obesity, 2018Co-Authors: Nam Q Nguyen, Tamara L Debreceni, Jenna E Burgess, Max Bellon, Judith Wishart, Scott Standfield, Charles-henri Malbert, Michael HorowitzAbstract:Objective: This study evaluated gastric emptying (GE) and small Intestinal (SI) transit in people with morbid obesity and their relationships to glycaemia, incretin Hormones, and glucose absorption Methods: GE and caecal arrival time (CAT) of a mixed meal were assessed in 22 morbidly obese (50.2 ± 2.5 years; 13 F:9 M; BMI: 48.6 ± 1.8 kg/m^2) and 10 lean (38.6 ± 8.4 years; 5 F:5 M; BMI: 23.9 ± 0.7 kg/m^2) subjects, using scintigraphy. Blood glucose, plasma 3-O-methylglucose, insulin, glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Insulin sensitivity and resistance were also quantified Results: When compared with lean subjects, GE (t50: 60.7 ± 6.5 vs. 41.1 ± 7.3 min; P = 0.04) and CAT (221.5 ± 9.8 vs. 148.0 ± 7.1 min; P = 0.001) of solids were prolonged in morbid obesity. Postprandial rises in GIP ( P = 0.001), insulin ( P = 0.02), glucose ( P = 0.03) and 3-O-methylglucose ( P = 0.001) were less. Whereas GLP-1 increased at 45 mins post-prandially in lean subjects, there was no increase in the obese ( P = 0.04). Both fasting ( P = 0.045) and postprandial ( P = 0.012) plasma glucagon concentrations were higher in the obese Conclusions: GE and SI transit are slower in the morbidly obese, and associated with reductions in postprandial glucose absorption, and glycaemic excursions, as well as plasma GIP and GLP-1
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impact of gastric emptying and small Intestinal transit on blood glucose Intestinal Hormones glucose absorption in the morbidly obese
International Journal of Obesity, 2018Co-Authors: Nam Q Nguyen, Tamara L Debreceni, Jenna E Burgess, Max Bellon, Judith Wishart, Scott Standfield, Charles-henri Malbert, Michael HorowitzAbstract:This study evaluated gastric emptying (GE) and small Intestinal (SI) transit in people with morbid obesity and their relationships to glycaemia, incretin Hormones, and glucose absorption GE and caecal arrival time (CAT) of a mixed meal were assessed in 22 morbidly obese (50.2 ± 2.5 years; 13 F:9 M; BMI: 48.6 ± 1.8 kg/m2) and 10 lean (38.6 ± 8.4 years; 5 F:5 M; BMI: 23.9 ± 0.7 kg/m2) subjects, using scintigraphy. Blood glucose, plasma 3-O-methylglucose, insulin, glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Insulin sensitivity and resistance were also quantified When compared with lean subjects, GE (t50: 60.7 ± 6.5 vs. 41.1 ± 7.3 min; P = 0.04) and CAT (221.5 ± 9.8 vs. 148.0 ± 7.1 min; P = 0.001) of solids were prolonged in morbid obesity. Postprandial rises in GIP (P = 0.001), insulin (P = 0.02), glucose (P = 0.03) and 3-O-methylglucose (P = 0.001) were less. Whereas GLP-1 increased at 45 mins post-prandially in lean subjects, there was no increase in the obese (P = 0.04). Both fasting (P = 0.045) and postprandial (P = 0.012) plasma glucagon concentrations were higher in the obese GE and SI transit are slower in the morbidly obese, and associated with reductions in postprandial glucose absorption, and glycaemic excursions, as well as plasma GIP and GLP-1
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rapid gastric and Intestinal transit is a major determinant of changes in blood glucose Intestinal Hormones glucose absorption and postprandial symptoms after gastric bypass
Obesity, 2014Co-Authors: Nam Q Nguyen, Tamara L Debreceni, Max Bellon, Judith Wishart, Scott Standfield, Jenna E Bambrick, Christopher K Rayner, Michael HorowitzAbstract:Objective To evaluate the effect of modulating pouch emptying (PE) and SI transit of glucose after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on blood glucose, incretin Hormones, glucose absorption and gastroIntestinal (GI) symptoms. Methods Ten RYGB patients were studied twice in random order, receiving either a 150 ml glucose drink (200 kcal) or the same solution infused into the proximal Roux-limb at 4 kcal/min. Data were compared with 10 healthy volunteers who received a 4 kcal/min duodenal infusion. PE, cecal arrival time (CAT), blood glucose, plasma 3-O-methylglucose (3-OMG), insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and GI symptoms were measured. Results In RYGB subjects, the glucose drink emptied very rapidly (PE t50 = 3 ± 1 min) and Intestinal glucose infusion was associated with higher blood glucose and plasma 3-OMG, but lower plasma GLP-1, GIP, insulin, and GI symptoms than oral glucose (all P < 0.001), and comparable to volunteers. In RYGB subjects, CAT correlated inversely with peak GLP-1 (r = −0.73, P = 0.01), and plasma 3-OMG correlated tightly blood glucose (r = 0.94, P < 0.0001). Conclusions After RYGB, reducing Intestinal glucose delivery to 4 kcal/min is associated with higher blood glucose, greater glucose absorption, lower incretin responses, and less GI symptoms, supporting rapid transit contribution to the exaggerated incretin responses and “dumping symptoms”.
Benoit Cudennec - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bioactivities of hemorphins released from bovine haemoglobin gastroIntestinal digestion: Dual effects on Intestinal Hormones and DPP-IV regulations
Journal of Functional Foods, 2017Co-Authors: Dorothée Domenger, Juliette Caron, Yanath Belguesmia, Jean Lesage, Pascal Dhulster, Rozenn Ravallec, Benoit CudennecAbstract:Food-derived hemorphins were studied for their interactions with Intestinal cells in relation to food intake regulations. LLW-H4, LW-H4, VV-H4, W-H7 and H7 were identified in the 2 h-Intestinal hydrolysate of haemoglobin simulated gastroIntestinal digestion and synthesised. These food-derived hemorphins showed secretagogue properties of the anorexigenic Hormones cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) when in contact with murine STC-1 cells. They did not show significant modulatory effect on the corresponding proHormones mRNA levels. However, they downregulated the enzyme PC1 that processes proglucagon into GLP-1 specifically in the intestine. Moreover, VV-H4, VV-H7 & H7 were potent inhibitors of the GLP-1 inactivating dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and transiently upregulated its mRNA in human Caco-2 cells. These results suggest that food-derived hemorphins display dual luminal effects that participate at different levels in food intake and glycaemia regulation and add to the known roles of the special class of food-derived opioid peptides, the hemorphins.
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novel probiotic evidence of lactobacilli on immunomodulation and regulation of satiety Hormones release in Intestinal cells
Journal of Functional Foods, 2016Co-Authors: Yanath Belguesmia, Juliette Caron, Dorothée Domenger, Pascal Dhulster, Rozenn Ravallec, Djamel Drider, Benoit CudennecAbstract:Abstract Lactobacilli strains with probiotic traits were tested for their ability to survive to the digestion process modelled during this study. These strains managed to sustain the harsh conditions of the gastric and duodenal phases and showed good adhesion capacities to human Caco-2 cell line. These probiotic microorganisms have survived during these steps, exposed to low pH, high concentration of bile salts and enzymes occurring in the digestion and virtually reached the duodenal compartment in sufficient amount with limited population loss. These lactobacilli strains appeared to be non-cytotoxic after contact with Caco-2 cells for 24 h. Importantly, some of these strains showed immunomodulatory effect, lowering the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 and promoting secretion of the anti-inflammatory IL-10. Besides, Lactobacillus gasseri CMUL34 and Lactobacillus acidophilus CMUL67 strains were able to modulate secretion and expression of two Intestinal Hormones: the Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) and the cholecystokinin (CCK) in STC-1 cells.
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Protein digestion and energy homeostasis: How generated peptides may impact Intestinal Hormones?
Food Research International, 2016Co-Authors: Juliette Caron, Dorothée Domenger, Yanath Belguesmia, Mostafa Kouach, Jean Lesage, Jean-françois Goossens, Pascal Dhulster, Rozenn Ravallec, Benoit CudennecAbstract:Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate how peptides released by gastroIntestinal (GI) digestion of one dietary protein can interact with regulating processes of food intake. An in vitro GI digestion of bovine haemoglobin was carried out and the bioactivity of the digests on CCK and GLP-1 secretion and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) activity was measured. Intestinal digests exhibited the most potent action on gut hormone release and DPP-IV activity inhibition. They also had the ability to promote hormone gene expression. As a conclusion, two fractions from final Intestinal digest led to the greatest GLP-1 secretion increase and DPP-IV activity inhibition. These findings could be very useful in obesity and T2D management research.
