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Shin Yee Fung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmacokinetics of the sri lankan hump nosed pit viper hypnale hypnale venom following intravenous and Intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits
    Toxicon, 2014
    Co-Authors: Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung
    Abstract:

    The knowledge of venom pharmacokinetics is essential to improve the understanding of envenomation pathophysiology. Using a double-sandwich ELISA, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of the venom of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) following intravenous and Intramuscular injections into rabbits. The pharmacokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a three-compartment model. There is a rapid (t1/2π = 0.4 h) and a slow (t1/2α = 0.8 h) distribution phase, followed by a long elimination phase (t1/2β = 19.3 h) with a systemic clearance of 6.8 mL∙h(-1)∙kg(-1), consistent with the prolonged abnormal hemostasis reported in H. hypnale envenomation. On Intramuscular Route, multiple peak concentrations observed in the beginning implied a more complex venom absorption and/or distribution pattern. The terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected Intramuscularly were nevertheless not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The Intramuscular bioavailability was exceptionally low (Fi.m. = 4%), accountable for the highly varied median lethal doses between intravenous and Intramuscular envenomations in animals. The findings indicate that the Intramuscular Route of administration does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of H. hypnale venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom. Language: en

  • pharmacokinetics of the sri lankan hump nosed pit viper hypnale hypnale venom following intravenous and Intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits
    Toxicon, 2014
    Co-Authors: Choo Hock Tan, Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung, Si Mui Sim, Nget Hong Tan
    Abstract:

    The knowledge of venom pharmacokinetics is essential to improve the understanding of envenomation pathophysiology. Using a double-sandwich ELISA, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of the venom of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) following intravenous and Intramuscular injections into rabbits. The pharmacokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a three-compartment model. There is a rapid (t1/2π = 0.4 h) and a slow (t1/2α = 0.8 h) distribution phase, followed by a long elimination phase (t1/2β = 19.3 h) with a systemic clearance of 6.8 mL∙h(-1)∙kg(-1), consistent with the prolonged abnormal hemostasis reported in H. hypnale envenomation. On Intramuscular Route, multiple peak concentrations observed in the beginning implied a more complex venom absorption and/or distribution pattern. The terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected Intramuscularly were nevertheless not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The Intramuscular bioavailability was exceptionally low (Fi.m. = 4%), accountable for the highly varied median lethal doses between intravenous and Intramuscular envenomations in animals. The findings indicate that the Intramuscular Route of administration does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of H. hypnale venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom. Language: en

Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmacokinetics of the sri lankan hump nosed pit viper hypnale hypnale venom following intravenous and Intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits
    Toxicon, 2014
    Co-Authors: Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung
    Abstract:

    The knowledge of venom pharmacokinetics is essential to improve the understanding of envenomation pathophysiology. Using a double-sandwich ELISA, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of the venom of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) following intravenous and Intramuscular injections into rabbits. The pharmacokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a three-compartment model. There is a rapid (t1/2π = 0.4 h) and a slow (t1/2α = 0.8 h) distribution phase, followed by a long elimination phase (t1/2β = 19.3 h) with a systemic clearance of 6.8 mL∙h(-1)∙kg(-1), consistent with the prolonged abnormal hemostasis reported in H. hypnale envenomation. On Intramuscular Route, multiple peak concentrations observed in the beginning implied a more complex venom absorption and/or distribution pattern. The terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected Intramuscularly were nevertheless not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The Intramuscular bioavailability was exceptionally low (Fi.m. = 4%), accountable for the highly varied median lethal doses between intravenous and Intramuscular envenomations in animals. The findings indicate that the Intramuscular Route of administration does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of H. hypnale venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom. Language: en

  • pharmacokinetics of the sri lankan hump nosed pit viper hypnale hypnale venom following intravenous and Intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits
    Toxicon, 2014
    Co-Authors: Choo Hock Tan, Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung, Si Mui Sim, Nget Hong Tan
    Abstract:

    The knowledge of venom pharmacokinetics is essential to improve the understanding of envenomation pathophysiology. Using a double-sandwich ELISA, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of the venom of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) following intravenous and Intramuscular injections into rabbits. The pharmacokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a three-compartment model. There is a rapid (t1/2π = 0.4 h) and a slow (t1/2α = 0.8 h) distribution phase, followed by a long elimination phase (t1/2β = 19.3 h) with a systemic clearance of 6.8 mL∙h(-1)∙kg(-1), consistent with the prolonged abnormal hemostasis reported in H. hypnale envenomation. On Intramuscular Route, multiple peak concentrations observed in the beginning implied a more complex venom absorption and/or distribution pattern. The terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected Intramuscularly were nevertheless not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The Intramuscular bioavailability was exceptionally low (Fi.m. = 4%), accountable for the highly varied median lethal doses between intravenous and Intramuscular envenomations in animals. The findings indicate that the Intramuscular Route of administration does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of H. hypnale venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom. Language: en

Nget Hong Tan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmacokinetics of the sri lankan hump nosed pit viper hypnale hypnale venom following intravenous and Intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits
    Toxicon, 2014
    Co-Authors: Choo Hock Tan, Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung, Si Mui Sim, Nget Hong Tan
    Abstract:

    The knowledge of venom pharmacokinetics is essential to improve the understanding of envenomation pathophysiology. Using a double-sandwich ELISA, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of the venom of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) following intravenous and Intramuscular injections into rabbits. The pharmacokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a three-compartment model. There is a rapid (t1/2π = 0.4 h) and a slow (t1/2α = 0.8 h) distribution phase, followed by a long elimination phase (t1/2β = 19.3 h) with a systemic clearance of 6.8 mL∙h(-1)∙kg(-1), consistent with the prolonged abnormal hemostasis reported in H. hypnale envenomation. On Intramuscular Route, multiple peak concentrations observed in the beginning implied a more complex venom absorption and/or distribution pattern. The terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected Intramuscularly were nevertheless not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The Intramuscular bioavailability was exceptionally low (Fi.m. = 4%), accountable for the highly varied median lethal doses between intravenous and Intramuscular envenomations in animals. The findings indicate that the Intramuscular Route of administration does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of H. hypnale venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom. Language: en

Choo Hock Tan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmacokinetics of the sri lankan hump nosed pit viper hypnale hypnale venom following intravenous and Intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits
    Toxicon, 2014
    Co-Authors: Choo Hock Tan, Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung, Si Mui Sim, Nget Hong Tan
    Abstract:

    The knowledge of venom pharmacokinetics is essential to improve the understanding of envenomation pathophysiology. Using a double-sandwich ELISA, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of the venom of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) following intravenous and Intramuscular injections into rabbits. The pharmacokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a three-compartment model. There is a rapid (t1/2π = 0.4 h) and a slow (t1/2α = 0.8 h) distribution phase, followed by a long elimination phase (t1/2β = 19.3 h) with a systemic clearance of 6.8 mL∙h(-1)∙kg(-1), consistent with the prolonged abnormal hemostasis reported in H. hypnale envenomation. On Intramuscular Route, multiple peak concentrations observed in the beginning implied a more complex venom absorption and/or distribution pattern. The terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected Intramuscularly were nevertheless not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The Intramuscular bioavailability was exceptionally low (Fi.m. = 4%), accountable for the highly varied median lethal doses between intravenous and Intramuscular envenomations in animals. The findings indicate that the Intramuscular Route of administration does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of H. hypnale venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom. Language: en

Ioanna Skountzou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a protective role of murine langerin cells in immune responses to cutaneous vaccination with microneedle patches
    Scientific Reports, 2015
    Co-Authors: Joanna A Pulitpenaloza, Stein E Esser, Misha T Taherbhai, Brian P Pollack, Elena V. Vassilieva, Mark R Prausnitz, Richard W. Compans, Ioanna Skountzou
    Abstract:

    Cutaneous vaccination with microneedle patches offers several advantages over more frequently used approaches for vaccine delivery, including improved protective immunity. However, the involvement of specific APC subsets and their contribution to the induction of immunity following cutaneous vaccine delivery is not well understood. A better understanding of the functions of individual APC subsets in the skin will allow us to target specific skin cell populations in order to further enhance vaccine efficacy. Here we use a Langerin-EGFP-DTR knock-in mouse model to determine the contribution of langerin+ subsets of skin APCs in the induction of adaptive immune responses following cutaneous microneedle delivery of influenza vaccine. Depletion of langerin+ cells prior to vaccination resulted in substantial impairment of both Th1 and Th2 responses, and decreased post-challenge survival rates, in mice vaccinated cutaneously but not in those vaccinated via the Intramuscular Route or in non-depleted control mice. Our results indicate that langerin+ cells contribute significantly to the induction of protective immune responses following cutaneous vaccination with a subunit influenza vaccine.

  • a protective role of murine langerin cells in immune responses to cutaneous vaccination with microneedle patches
    Scientific Reports, 2015
    Co-Authors: Joanna A Pulitpenaloza, Stein E Esser, Misha T Taherbhai, Brian P Pollack, Elena V. Vassilieva, Mark R Prausnitz, Richard W. Compans, Ioanna Skountzou
    Abstract:

    Cutaneous vaccination with microneedle patches offers several advantages over more frequently used approaches for vaccine delivery, including improved protective immunity. However, the involvement of specific APC subsets and their contribution to the induction of immunity following cutaneous vaccine delivery is not well understood. A better understanding of the functions of individual APC subsets in the skin will allow us to target specific skin cell populations in order to further enhance vaccine efficacy. Here we use a Langerin-EGFP-DTR knock-in mouse model to determine the contribution of langerin+ subsets of skin APCs in the induction of adaptive immune responses following cutaneous microneedle delivery of influenza vaccine. Depletion of langerin+ cells prior to vaccination resulted in substantial impairment of both Th1 and Th2 responses, and decreased post-challenge survival rates, in mice vaccinated cutaneously but not in those vaccinated via the Intramuscular Route or in non-depleted control mice. Our results indicate that langerin+ cells contribute significantly to the induction of protective immune responses following cutaneous vaccination with a subunit influenza vaccine.