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Anton Brancelj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (
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the effect of in stream gravel extraction in a pre alpine gravel bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (<0.1 mm) on biofilm activity measured through ETS activity and hyporheic Invertebrate density and taxonomic richness was strongly confirmed in this study.
Natasa Mori - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (
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the effect of in stream gravel extraction in a pre alpine gravel bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (<0.1 mm) on biofilm activity measured through ETS activity and hyporheic Invertebrate density and taxonomic richness was strongly confirmed in this study.
Simon Lukancic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (
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the effect of in stream gravel extraction in a pre alpine gravel bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (<0.1 mm) on biofilm activity measured through ETS activity and hyporheic Invertebrate density and taxonomic richness was strongly confirmed in this study.
Tatjana Simcic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (
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the effect of in stream gravel extraction in a pre alpine gravel bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community
Hydrobiologia, 2011Co-Authors: Natasa Mori, Tatjana Simcic, Simon Lukancic, Anton BranceljAbstract:We investigated the effect of in-stream gravel extraction in a pre-alpine gravel-bed river on hyporheic Invertebrate community, together with changes in the hyporheic geomorphology, physico-chemistry and biofilm activity. Hyporheic Invertebrates were collected, together with environmental data, on seven sampling occasions from June 2004 to May 2005, at two river reaches—at the site of in-stream gravel extraction and at a site 2.5 km upstream. The hyporheic samples were taken from the river bed and from the gravel bars extending laterally from the stream channel. The Invertebrate community was dominated by insect larvae (occasional hyporheos), followed by meiofauna (permanent hyporheos). Stygobionts were present at low species richness and in low densities. Gravel extraction from the stream channel led to changes in the patterns of water exchange between surface and subsurface and changes in the sediment composition at the site. Immediate reductions in density and taxonomic richness of Invertebrates were observed, together with changes in their community composition. The hyporheic Invertebrate community in the river recovered relatively fast (in 2.5 months) by means of density and taxonomic richness, while by means of community composition Invertebrates needed 5–7 months to recover. The impact of fine sediments (<0.1 mm) on biofilm activity measured through ETS activity and hyporheic Invertebrate density and taxonomic richness was strongly confirmed in this study.
Lynne Boddy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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size matters what have we learnt from microcosm studies of decomposer fungus Invertebrate interactions
Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Donald A Abear, Hefin T Jones, Lynne BoddyAbstract:The ongoing research ‘boom’ in soil ecology has been advanced by a widespread use of laboratory experiments to investigate mechanisms that could not be unravelled with field observations alone. Interactions between soil fungi and Invertebrates have received considerable attention due to their trophic and functional importance in belowground systems. Saprotrophic cord-forming basidiomycete fungi are major agents of primary decomposition in woodland ecosystems, where they are also an important source of nutrition for fungal-feeding soil Invertebrates. A plethora of microcosm experiments, with their main benefit being that they enable most variables to be kept constant while just a few are manipulated, have provided detailed insights into the ecology of fungus–Invertebrate interactions. This review identifies important trends from this body of work (including a meta-analysis of grazing effects on fungal growth and wood decomposition) and explores the extent to which these patterns are supported by the few related experiments conducted in more complex mesocosm and field systems. Grazing in microcosms reduced fungal growth and increased decomposition, but with interaction-specific magnitude, reflecting Invertebrate feeding preferences for different fungi. Macro-Invertebrates (woodlice and millipedes) had stronger effects than micro- (e.g. nematodes) and meso- (e.g. collembola) Invertebrates. This greater grazing pressure generally increased enzyme activities beneath mycelia during interactions in which wood decay was increased. Top-down effects of fungal-feeding can be extrapolated to more complex systems, but only for macro-Invertebrates, particularly woodlice. Soil enzyme activity was stimulated, in microcosms and more complex systems, by short-term or low intensity grazing, but reduced when large areas of mycelium were removed by high-intensity grazing. Effects of differential fungal palatability on Invertebrate populations are evident in microcosm studies of collembola. These bottom-up effects can be extrapolated more broadly than top-down effects; fungal community dominance determined collembola abundance and diversity, in mesocosms, and woodlouse abundance in the field. Using, as a case study, a series of experiments conducted at a range of scales, mechanisms underlying potential climate change effects on grazing interactions and decomposition are also explored. Biotic effects on decomposer community functioning are heterogeneous, depending on fungal dominance and the density of key macro-Invertebrate taxa.
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Size matters: What have we learnt from microcosm studies of decomposer fungus–Invertebrate interactions?
Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2014Co-Authors: A. Donald A'bear, T. Hefin Jones, Lynne BoddyAbstract:The ongoing research ‘boom’ in soil ecology has been advanced by a widespread use of laboratory experiments to investigate mechanisms that could not be unravelled with field observations alone. Interactions between soil fungi and Invertebrates have received considerable attention due to their trophic and functional importance in belowground systems. Saprotrophic cord-forming basidiomycete fungi are major agents of primary decomposition in woodland ecosystems, where they are also an important source of nutrition for fungal-feeding soil Invertebrates. A plethora of microcosm experiments, with their main benefit being that they enable most variables to be kept constant while just a few are manipulated, have provided detailed insights into the ecology of fungus–Invertebrate interactions. This review identifies important trends from this body of work (including a meta-analysis of grazing effects on fungal growth and wood decomposition) and explores the extent to which these patterns are supported by the few related experiments conducted in more complex mesocosm and field systems. Grazing in microcosms reduced fungal growth and increased decomposition, but with interaction-specific magnitude, reflecting Invertebrate feeding preferences for different fungi. Macro-Invertebrates (woodlice and millipedes) had stronger effects than micro- (e.g. nematodes) and meso- (e.g. collembola) Invertebrates. This greater grazing pressure generally increased enzyme activities beneath mycelia during interactions in which wood decay was increased. Top-down effects of fungal-feeding can be extrapolated to more complex systems, but only for macro-Invertebrates, particularly woodlice. Soil enzyme activity was stimulated, in microcosms and more complex systems, by short-term or low intensity grazing, but reduced when large areas of mycelium were removed by high-intensity grazing. Effects of differential fungal palatability on Invertebrate populations are evident in microcosm studies of collembola. These bottom-up effects can be extrapolated more broadly than top-down effects; fungal community dominance determined collembola abundance and diversity, in mesocosms, and woodlouse abundance in the field. Using, as a case study, a series of experiments conducted at a range of scales, mechanisms underlying potential climate change effects on grazing interactions and decomposition are also explored. Biotic effects on decomposer community functioning are heterogeneous, depending on fungal dominance and the density of key macro-Invertebrate taxa.
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Species-specific effects of soil fauna on fungal foraging and decomposition
Oecologia, 2011Co-Authors: Thomas W. Crowther, Lynne Boddy, T. Hefin JonesAbstract:Decomposer fungi are primary decomposing agents in terrestrial soils. Their mycelial networks play an important role in nutrient mineralisation and distribution, but are also nutritious resources for various soil Invertebrates. Global climate change is predicted to alter the diversity and community composition of these soil fauna. To understand whether changes in Invertebrate species diversity are likely to affect fungal-mediated decomposition, this study compared the grazing potentials of different Invertebrate taxa and functional groups. Specifically, the grazing impacts of seven Invertebrate taxa on the growth and spatial distribution of six basidiomycete fungi growing from beech wood blocks in soil microcosms were explored. Wood decay rates by fungi were also compared. The consequences of grazing were both taxon- and species-specific. Generally, macro-Invertebrates caused the greatest damage, while meso- and micro-Invertebrates often stimulated mycelial growth. Invertebrate size, preferences and population dynamics are likely to influence grazing potentials. Effects of grazing varied between fungi, with mycelial morphology and biochemistry possibly influencing susceptibility. Heavy grazing indirectly increased fungal-mediated wood decomposition. Changes in Invertebrate community composition are predicted to have consequences for fungal growth, activity and community structure in woodland soils. Abiotic climate change factors including CO_2 and temperature affect mycelial productivity directly, but the indirect effects, mediated through changes in the soil Invertebrate community, may be equally important in controlling ecosystem functioning.
