The Experts below are selected from a list of 12 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A. S. Goldberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Economical improvement of the Iron Sponge Gas sweetening Process
1997Co-Authors: A. S. GoldbergAbstract:This project was established to reduce monetary and envIronmental costs associated with the reduction of Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S) content in the natural gas refining Process at UNOCAL's Gas Plant 19 in Van, Texas. The method currently used for removing H 2 S from sour gas involves the Iron Sponge Process, a somewhat dated but yet effective Process. An Iron Sponge is a cylinder shaped vessel containing Iron Oxide treated wood chips. The Iron Oxide reacts with Hydrogen Sulfide to from relatively inert Iron Sulfide and water. However the Iron Oxide does not last forever and the effectiveness of the wood chips will eventually fall below acceptable standards. When this occurs, the Iron Sponge must be taken off-line and the old wood chips replaced by new fully charged material. However it is possible to regenerate the Iron Oxide by exposing the spent wood chips to oxygen. This paper will focus on this regeneration Process and the inherent requirements, safety issues and potential benefits of implementing such a program. The results of this study demonstrate that an Iron Sponge Regeneration Program can be an economically beneficial Process if safety issues can be successfully handled and there is a reasonable future market for natural gas.
J.p. Anerousis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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After more than a century, Iron Sponge still soaks up hydrogen sulfide problems
1994Co-Authors: J.p. AnerousisAbstract:The oldest and simplest method for removing H[sub 2]S and other sulfur compounds, such as mercaptans, from gaseous streams is the Iron Sponge Process. The basic technique consists of passing a sour gas stream (one containing H[sub 2]S or mercaptans, or both) across a bed of hydrated Iron oxide. The chemical reaction produces Iron sulfide and a small amount of by-product water. Although not a common practice, the spent material may be regenerated by exposing it to oxygen, which converts the mixed Iron sulfides to their original Iron oxide form. The Iron Sponge technique originated in Europe more than 100 years ago, and the earliest operators used a naturally occurring form of hydrated Iron oxide known as bog Iron or bog ore. As refinements were made in the Process, it was found that more efficient sulfur removal could be attained by uniformly distributing the Iron oxide hydrate across a substrate, and that active Iron oxide could be prepared synthetically. Continual improvements in the synthetic Iron Sponge's composition focused on such issues as the crystalline forms of the hydrated Iron oxide, size distribution of the active Iron oxide particulates, overall chemical composition, size and nature of the typical wood substrate, moisturemore » content, and degree of buffering. Modern Iron Sponge products are prepared with careful attention to each of these issues. The synthetic materials are characterized by high quality and uniform composition, and their overall characteristics optimize performance in typical gas-sweetening applications.« less
Phil Cherosky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hydrogen sulfide removal from biogas by bio based Iron Sponge
Biosystems Engineering, 2013Co-Authors: Phil CheroskyAbstract:The Iron Sponge Process, a technology used for removing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) from biogas, can potentially use various biodegradable wastes as the supporting material for the H2S adsorption media, providing improved flexibility and cost-effectiveness. In this study, ground garden waste, digested garden waste, and spent tobacco were evaluated as supporting materials of the H2S adsorption media. It was found that both particle size and moisture content had significant effects on H2S removal performance when ground garden waste was used. The optimum moisture content of the ground garden waste system was determined to be 15%. The optimum moisture content for the digested garden waste system was found to be 25%. Iron Sponge with either ground garden waste or digested garden waste at their optimum conditions had an H2S removal performance comparable to a commercial product (SulfaMaster™). Iron Sponge using spent tobacco, however, was found to be only about 20% as efficient as SulfaMaster™. Ground or digested garden waste could be an alternative supporting material for the Iron Sponge system.
Rogut Jan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermodynamic Possibilities of Pure Hydrogen Production by Chromium, Nickel and Manganese-based Chemical Looping Process at Lower Temperatures
Czech Society of Chemical Engineering, 2006Co-Authors: Siewiorek Aleksandra, Svoboda Karel, Rogut JanAbstract:Hydrogen is expected to become an important energy carrier for sustainable energy production, transformation and consumption with reduced impacts on the local and global envIronment. Development of hydrogen based energy and transport systems needs reliable and inexpensive methods of relatively pure hydrogen production, storage and supply. Iron as a common metal was suggested for hydrogen production by reaction with steam at higher temperatures [1]. The basic principle of the cyclic Iron Sponge Process is to reduce Iron oxides with the reducing gases (H2, CO, CH4 etc.) utilizing metallurgic knowledge of Iron oxides reduction and to oxidize the Iron by steam for hydrogen supply. In this Process a syngas (e.g. from biomass gasification [2]) or a gas mixture from steam reforming of hydrocarbon fuels can be converted into relatively pure hydrogen [3]. The main disadvantage of Iron in the redox cyclic Process of hydrogen production is, however, the possibility of soot , Fe3C and FeCO3 formation in the reduction Process by CO and CO2 containing gases. Such carbon precursors lead to the production of hydrogen with carbon containing impurities in the steam oxidation step. Relatively cheap and common alloying elements Cr, Ni and Mn have been chosen for the basic thermodynamic study with respect to compatibility with Iron and lower tendency for carbide and carbonate formation.JRC.F.2-Cleaner energie
Siewiorek Aleksandra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermodynamic Possibilities of Pure Hydrogen Production by Chromium, Nickel and Manganese-based Chemical Looping Process at Lower Temperatures
Czech Society of Chemical Engineering, 2006Co-Authors: Siewiorek Aleksandra, Svoboda Karel, Rogut JanAbstract:Hydrogen is expected to become an important energy carrier for sustainable energy production, transformation and consumption with reduced impacts on the local and global envIronment. Development of hydrogen based energy and transport systems needs reliable and inexpensive methods of relatively pure hydrogen production, storage and supply. Iron as a common metal was suggested for hydrogen production by reaction with steam at higher temperatures [1]. The basic principle of the cyclic Iron Sponge Process is to reduce Iron oxides with the reducing gases (H2, CO, CH4 etc.) utilizing metallurgic knowledge of Iron oxides reduction and to oxidize the Iron by steam for hydrogen supply. In this Process a syngas (e.g. from biomass gasification [2]) or a gas mixture from steam reforming of hydrocarbon fuels can be converted into relatively pure hydrogen [3]. The main disadvantage of Iron in the redox cyclic Process of hydrogen production is, however, the possibility of soot , Fe3C and FeCO3 formation in the reduction Process by CO and CO2 containing gases. Such carbon precursors lead to the production of hydrogen with carbon containing impurities in the steam oxidation step. Relatively cheap and common alloying elements Cr, Ni and Mn have been chosen for the basic thermodynamic study with respect to compatibility with Iron and lower tendency for carbide and carbonate formation.JRC.F.2-Cleaner energie
