The Experts below are selected from a list of 43815 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dwayne R Westenskow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the employment of an Iterative Design Process to develop a pulmonary graphical display
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 2003Co-Authors: Blake S Wachter, James Agutter, Noah Syroid, Frank A Drews, Matthew B Weinger, Dwayne R WestenskowAbstract:Objective: Data representations on today's medical monitors need to be improved to advance clinical awareness and prevent data vigilance errors. Simply building graphical displays does not ensure an improvement in clinical performance because displays have to be consistent with the user's clinical Processes and mental models. In this report, the development of an original pulmonary graphical display for anesthesia is used as an example to show an Iterative Design Process with built-in usability testing. Design: The Process reported here is rapid, inexpensive, and requires a minimal number of subjects per development cycle. Three paper-based tests evaluated the anatomic, variable mapping, and graphical diagnostic meaning of the pulmonary display. Measurements: A confusion matrix compared the Designer's intended answer with the subject's chosen answer. Considering deviations off the diagonal of the confusion matrix as Design weaknesses, the pulmonary display was modified and retested. The Iterative cycle continued until the anatomic and variable mapping cumulative test scores for a chosen Design scored above 90% and the graphical diagnostic meaning test scored above 75%. Results: The Iterative development test resulted in five Design iterations. The final graphical pulmonary display improved the overall intuitiveness by 18%. The display was tested in three categories: anatomic features, variable mapping, and diagnostic accuracy. The anatomic intuitiveness increased by 25%, variable mapping intuitiveness increased by 34%, and diagnostic accuracy decreased slightly by 4%. Conclusion: With this rapid Iterative development Process, an intuitive graphical display can be developed inexpensively prior to formal testing in an experimental setting. j J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2003;10:363-372. DOI 10.1197/jamia.M1207.
Ingrid Verbauwhede - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A VLSI Design Flow for Secure Side-Channel Attack Resistant ICs
2005Co-Authors: Kris Tiri, Ingrid VerbauwhedeAbstract:This paper presents a digital VLSI Design flow to create secure, side-channel attack (SCA) resistant integrated circuits. The Design flow starts from a normal Design in a hardware description language such as VHDL or Verilog and provides a direct path to a SCA resistant layout. Instead of a full custom layout or an Iterative Design Process with extensive simulations, a few key modifications are incorporated in a regular synchronous CMOS standard cell Design flow. We discuss the basis for side-channel attack resistance and adjust the library databases and constraints files of the synthesis and place & route procedures accordingly. Experimental results show that a DPA attack on a regular single ended CMOS standard cell implementation of a module of the DES algorithm discloses the secret key after 200 measurements. The same attack on a secure version still does not disclose the secret key after more than 2000 measurements.
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a vlsi Design flow for secure side channel attack resistant ics
Design Automation and Test in Europe, 2005Co-Authors: Kris Tiri, Ingrid VerbauwhedeAbstract:The paper presents a digital VLSI Design flow to create secure, side-channel attack (SCA) resistant integrated circuits. The Design flow starts from a normal Design in a hardware description language, such as VHDL or Verilog, and provides a direct path to an SCA resistant layout. Instead of a full custom layout or an Iterative Design Process with extensive simulations, a few key modifications are incorporated in a regular synchronous CMOS standard cell Design flow. We discuss the basis for side-channel attack resistance and adjust the library databases and constraints files of the synthesis and place-and-route procedures accordingly. Experimental results show that a DPA (differential power analysis) attack on a regular single ended CMOS standard cell implementation of a module of the DES algorithm discloses the secret key after 200 measurements. The same attack on a secure version still does not disclose the secret key after more than 2000 measurements.
Blake S Wachter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the employment of an Iterative Design Process to develop a pulmonary graphical display
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 2003Co-Authors: Blake S Wachter, James Agutter, Noah Syroid, Frank A Drews, Matthew B Weinger, Dwayne R WestenskowAbstract:Objective: Data representations on today's medical monitors need to be improved to advance clinical awareness and prevent data vigilance errors. Simply building graphical displays does not ensure an improvement in clinical performance because displays have to be consistent with the user's clinical Processes and mental models. In this report, the development of an original pulmonary graphical display for anesthesia is used as an example to show an Iterative Design Process with built-in usability testing. Design: The Process reported here is rapid, inexpensive, and requires a minimal number of subjects per development cycle. Three paper-based tests evaluated the anatomic, variable mapping, and graphical diagnostic meaning of the pulmonary display. Measurements: A confusion matrix compared the Designer's intended answer with the subject's chosen answer. Considering deviations off the diagonal of the confusion matrix as Design weaknesses, the pulmonary display was modified and retested. The Iterative cycle continued until the anatomic and variable mapping cumulative test scores for a chosen Design scored above 90% and the graphical diagnostic meaning test scored above 75%. Results: The Iterative development test resulted in five Design iterations. The final graphical pulmonary display improved the overall intuitiveness by 18%. The display was tested in three categories: anatomic features, variable mapping, and diagnostic accuracy. The anatomic intuitiveness increased by 25%, variable mapping intuitiveness increased by 34%, and diagnostic accuracy decreased slightly by 4%. Conclusion: With this rapid Iterative development Process, an intuitive graphical display can be developed inexpensively prior to formal testing in an experimental setting. j J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2003;10:363-372. DOI 10.1197/jamia.M1207.
David Sontag - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trajectory inspection a method for Iterative clinician driven Design of reinforcement learning studies
American Medical Informatics Association Annual Symposium, 2021Co-Authors: Michael Oberst, Sanjat Kanjilal, David SontagAbstract:Reinforcement learning (RL) has the potential to significantly improve clinical decision making. However, treatment policies learned via RL from observational data are sensitive to subtle choices in study Design. We highlight a simple approach, trajectory inspection, to bring clinicians into an Iterative Design Process for model-based RL studies. We identify where the model recommends unexpectedly aggressive treatments or expects surprisingly positive outcomes from its recommendations. Then, we examine clinical trajectories simulated with the learned model and policy alongside the actual hospital course. Applying this approach to recent work on RL for sepsis management, we uncover a model bias towards discharge, a preference for high vasopressor doses that may be linked to small sample sizes, and clinically implausible expectations of discharge without weaning off vasopressors. We hope that iterations of detecting and addressing the issues unearthed by our method will result in RL policies that inspire more confidence in deployment.
Jurgen Rataj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Iterative Design Process for the development and testing of cooperative applications
Spring Simulation Multiconference, 2010Co-Authors: Tobias Lorenz, Andreas Richter, Frank Koster, Jurgen RatajAbstract:For future assistance systems Car-to-X communication is a key technology for cooperative applications ranging from highly dynamic safety systems to information systems, informing the driver about situational aspects non-detectable for on-board sensors. To test such systems in real world experiments the testing effort as well as the associated costs are exorbitant compared to simulation trials. Thus, simulation seems a promising alternative for testing and evaluating wireless communication technologies and its corresponding applications in the automotive domain. The presented paper describes a common Design Process for the development and testing of applications based on Car-to-X communication technology using as an example a traffic management application. Thereby, this Process starts with the investigation of the application within a macroscopic scenario view to parameterize the variables influencing the intended effect of the application e.g. penetration rate, communication range, etc. This is done until the intended effect of the application is provable in the simulation results. Afterwards, the environmental influences on message propagation are investigated within a microscopic scenario view. Thus a parameterization of communication specific parameters like transmit power, antenna position etc. has to be done. The choice of the right level of detail of the simulators and the choice of the right models in both scenario views is mainly focused for the issue to be explored as well as the parameterization of these models according to the intended effect of the application. Finally, the influence of the parameters found in the macroscopic scenario view on the parameters in the microscopic scenario view and vice versa is described in detail.
