The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M P Upsdell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Greedy scale, Hemiberlesia rapax (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), phenology on kiwifruit leaves and wood
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 1996Co-Authors: R H Blank, G S C Gill, M P UpsdellAbstract:Abstract Greedy scale (Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock)) populations at Whangarei, New Zealand were monitored at regular intervals on unsprayed kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa (A.Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson var. deliciosa) wood and leaves from 1984 to 1989 to obtain detailed stage‐specific phenological information. The relationship between relative abundance of each scale stage and Julian Day or degree‐Day accumulation (>9.3°C) were determined using a Bayesian smoothing programme. Two scale generations, summer and winter, were readily discernible. There was close agreement between the phenology of scale on wood and leaves. However, because of senescence and abscission in autumn there was only a partial winter generation of scale on leaves. Synchrony of stage‐specific events was enhanced using degree‐Day accumulations rather than Julian Days, particularly for the winter generation. Estimates of stage‐specific peaks and troughs for crawlers, white caps (first instar), yellow caps (second instar), black c...
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greedy scale homoptera diaspididae phenology on taraire based on Julian Day and degree Day accumulations
Environmental Entomology, 1995Co-Authors: R H Blank, G S C Gill, M H Olson, M P UpsdellAbstract:In northern New Zealand, greedy scale, Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock), infests kiwifruit, Actinidia deliciosa (Chevalier) C. F. Liang et A. R. Ferguson variety deliciosa, by aerial invasion from adjacent host plants such as taraire, Beilshmiedia tarairi Bentham & Hooker. Greedy scale was monitored over 3 seasons using leaf samples from taraire trees adjacent to a commercial kiwifruit orchard. The seasonality of stage-specific population peaks and troughs was estimated using a Bayesian smoothing technique for both degree-Day (DD) accumulations and Julian Days. Two generations were observed with peaks for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd instars, and mature stages occurring on 30 December, 4 February, 17 March, and 18 April, respectively, for the summer generation, and 12 March, 13 April, 3 June, and 2 July, respectively, for the winter generation. Field populations of greedy scale were well described by physiological time ; therefore, opportunities exist for predicting stage-specific events. Total developmental time using a base temperature of 9.3°C was estimated at 1,056 DD with a standard error of 34 DD.
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Greedy Scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae) Phenology on Taraire Based on Julian Day and Degree–Day Accumulations
Environmental Entomology, 1995Co-Authors: R H Blank, G S C Gill, M H Olson, M P UpsdellAbstract:In northern New Zealand, greedy scale, Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock), infests kiwifruit, Actinidia deliciosa (Chevalier) C. F. Liang et A. R. Ferguson variety deliciosa, by aerial invasion from adjacent host plants such as taraire, Beilshmiedia tarairi Bentham & Hooker. Greedy scale was monitored over 3 seasons using leaf samples from taraire trees adjacent to a commercial kiwifruit orchard. The seasonality of stage-specific population peaks and troughs was estimated using a Bayesian smoothing technique for both degree-Day (DD) accumulations and Julian Days. Two generations were observed with peaks for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd instars, and mature stages occurring on 30 December, 4 February, 17 March, and 18 April, respectively, for the summer generation, and 12 March, 13 April, 3 June, and 2 July, respectively, for the winter generation. Field populations of greedy scale were well described by physiological time ; therefore, opportunities exist for predicting stage-specific events. Total developmental time using a base temperature of 9.3°C was estimated at 1,056 DD with a standard error of 34 DD.
John Calambokidis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Additional file 3: of Sound production and associated behavior of tagged fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the Southern California Bight
2020Co-Authors: Alison K. Stimpert, John Calambokidis, Stacy L. Deruiter, Erin A. Falcone, John E. Joseph, Annie B. Douglas, David Moretti, Ari S. Friedlaender, Glenn Gailey, Peter L. TyackAbstract:Acoustic audit file listing the calls that were manually identified in the acoustic record for tagged whale bp13_258b. The whale name signifies the species name, Balaenoptera physalus (bp), the two digit year of deployment, the three digit Julian Day of deployment, and a letter representing the successive number deployment for that Day. The file has three columns: time cue of the call in seconds since deployment; duration of the call in seconds; and a label indicating whether the call was produced by the tagged whale (‘1’) or a different whale (‘0’).
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BLUE WHALE VISUAL AND ACOUSTIC ENCOUNTER RATES IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT
Marine Mammal Science, 2007Co-Authors: Erin M. Oleson, John Calambokidis, Jay Barlow, John A. HildebrandAbstract:The relationship between blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) visual and acoustic encounter rates was quantitatively evaluated using hourly counts of detected whales during shipboard surveys off southern California. Encounter rates were estimated using temporal, geographic, and weather variables within a generalized additive model framework. Visual encounters (2.06 animals/h, CV = 0.10) varied with subregion, Julian Day, time of Day, and year. Acoustic encounters of whales producing pulsed A and tonal B call sequences (song; 0.65 animals/h, CV = 0.06) varied by Julian Day, survey mode (transit or stationary), and subregion, and encounters of whales producing downswept (D) calls (0.41 animals/h, CV = 0.09) varied by Julian Day and the number of animals seen. Inclusion of Julian Day in all models reflects the seasonal occurrence of blue whales off southern California; however, the seasonal peak in visual encounters and acoustic encounters of D calling whales (July‐August) was offset from the peak in acoustic encounters of singing whales (August‐September). The relationship between visual and acoustic encounter rates varied regionally, with
John A. Hildebrand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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BLUE WHALE VISUAL AND ACOUSTIC ENCOUNTER RATES IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT
Marine Mammal Science, 2007Co-Authors: Erin M. Oleson, John Calambokidis, Jay Barlow, John A. HildebrandAbstract:The relationship between blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) visual and acoustic encounter rates was quantitatively evaluated using hourly counts of detected whales during shipboard surveys off southern California. Encounter rates were estimated using temporal, geographic, and weather variables within a generalized additive model framework. Visual encounters (2.06 animals/h, CV = 0.10) varied with subregion, Julian Day, time of Day, and year. Acoustic encounters of whales producing pulsed A and tonal B call sequences (song; 0.65 animals/h, CV = 0.06) varied by Julian Day, survey mode (transit or stationary), and subregion, and encounters of whales producing downswept (D) calls (0.41 animals/h, CV = 0.09) varied by Julian Day and the number of animals seen. Inclusion of Julian Day in all models reflects the seasonal occurrence of blue whales off southern California; however, the seasonal peak in visual encounters and acoustic encounters of D calling whales (July‐August) was offset from the peak in acoustic encounters of singing whales (August‐September). The relationship between visual and acoustic encounter rates varied regionally, with
R H Blank - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Greedy scale, Hemiberlesia rapax (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), phenology on kiwifruit leaves and wood
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 1996Co-Authors: R H Blank, G S C Gill, M P UpsdellAbstract:Abstract Greedy scale (Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock)) populations at Whangarei, New Zealand were monitored at regular intervals on unsprayed kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa (A.Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson var. deliciosa) wood and leaves from 1984 to 1989 to obtain detailed stage‐specific phenological information. The relationship between relative abundance of each scale stage and Julian Day or degree‐Day accumulation (>9.3°C) were determined using a Bayesian smoothing programme. Two scale generations, summer and winter, were readily discernible. There was close agreement between the phenology of scale on wood and leaves. However, because of senescence and abscission in autumn there was only a partial winter generation of scale on leaves. Synchrony of stage‐specific events was enhanced using degree‐Day accumulations rather than Julian Days, particularly for the winter generation. Estimates of stage‐specific peaks and troughs for crawlers, white caps (first instar), yellow caps (second instar), black c...
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greedy scale homoptera diaspididae phenology on taraire based on Julian Day and degree Day accumulations
Environmental Entomology, 1995Co-Authors: R H Blank, G S C Gill, M H Olson, M P UpsdellAbstract:In northern New Zealand, greedy scale, Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock), infests kiwifruit, Actinidia deliciosa (Chevalier) C. F. Liang et A. R. Ferguson variety deliciosa, by aerial invasion from adjacent host plants such as taraire, Beilshmiedia tarairi Bentham & Hooker. Greedy scale was monitored over 3 seasons using leaf samples from taraire trees adjacent to a commercial kiwifruit orchard. The seasonality of stage-specific population peaks and troughs was estimated using a Bayesian smoothing technique for both degree-Day (DD) accumulations and Julian Days. Two generations were observed with peaks for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd instars, and mature stages occurring on 30 December, 4 February, 17 March, and 18 April, respectively, for the summer generation, and 12 March, 13 April, 3 June, and 2 July, respectively, for the winter generation. Field populations of greedy scale were well described by physiological time ; therefore, opportunities exist for predicting stage-specific events. Total developmental time using a base temperature of 9.3°C was estimated at 1,056 DD with a standard error of 34 DD.
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Greedy Scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae) Phenology on Taraire Based on Julian Day and Degree–Day Accumulations
Environmental Entomology, 1995Co-Authors: R H Blank, G S C Gill, M H Olson, M P UpsdellAbstract:In northern New Zealand, greedy scale, Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock), infests kiwifruit, Actinidia deliciosa (Chevalier) C. F. Liang et A. R. Ferguson variety deliciosa, by aerial invasion from adjacent host plants such as taraire, Beilshmiedia tarairi Bentham & Hooker. Greedy scale was monitored over 3 seasons using leaf samples from taraire trees adjacent to a commercial kiwifruit orchard. The seasonality of stage-specific population peaks and troughs was estimated using a Bayesian smoothing technique for both degree-Day (DD) accumulations and Julian Days. Two generations were observed with peaks for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd instars, and mature stages occurring on 30 December, 4 February, 17 March, and 18 April, respectively, for the summer generation, and 12 March, 13 April, 3 June, and 2 July, respectively, for the winter generation. Field populations of greedy scale were well described by physiological time ; therefore, opportunities exist for predicting stage-specific events. Total developmental time using a base temperature of 9.3°C was estimated at 1,056 DD with a standard error of 34 DD.
Arvid Odland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Calciphile alpine vegetation in Southern Norway: Importance of snow and possible effects of climate change
Phytocoenologia, 2013Co-Authors: Stefanie Reinhardt, Arvid Odland, Arne PedersenAbstract:Vegetation types confi ned to calcareous bedrocks are often characterized by high species richness, and rare and red- listed plants occur frequently. Snow depth and duration are of particular importance for the fl oristic composition of mountain vegetation and we therefore wanted to quantify the importance of the date of snowmelt and thereby discuss possible effects of future climate change. In two mountain areas with calcium-rich bedrocks, 106 sample plots (2 x 2 m) were selected by a stratifi ed random sampling, to cover a broad range of snow cover, topography and vegetation composition. Study plots include both the northern boreal zone (NB), the low alpine zone (LA), and the middle alpine zone (MA). Soil data, soil temperature and Day of snowmelt were sampled from all plots. Fifteen vegetation (cluster) types were classifi ed by the use of TWINSPAN, and these were well separated in a DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) ordination. A CVA (Canonical Variates Analysis) and Monte Carlo Permutation tests showed that the vegetation types were signifi cantly associated with most of the measured environmental variables, with relative altitude, potassium, and Julian Day of snowmelt as the most important variables. All study plots showed relatively high values for soil richness and were signifi cantly negatively correlated with the Julian Day when the soil temperature threshold (6 °C) was reached. The signifi cant relationships between altitude, Julian Day of snowmelt, and vegetation composition indicate that major changes may be expected as a consequence of an earlier snowmelt in a warmer world.
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Plants as indicators of snow layer duration in southern Norwegian mountains
Ecological Indicators, 2007Co-Authors: Arvid Odland, Hans Kristian MunkejordAbstract:Abstract The main aim of this paper was to study the responses of mountain plants in relation to the time of snowmelt. Three mountain areas situated along an oceanic–continental gradient were selected as study sites, and the sample plots ranged from 182 m below to 473 m above the climatic forest limit. In total, 185 quadrats (2 m × 2 m), stratified to include only oligotrophic and mesotrophic mountain vegetation types, were selected to represent a topographic range along altitudinal gradients. In each quadrat, the percentage groundcover of the species was recorded. From the beginning of April until July 2004, snow thickness was monitored, and the Julian Day when the snow had completely melted was determined for all plots. The relationship between species abundances and Julian Day of snowmelt were analysed by two different numerical methods: (1) relative values for species optimum and tolerance were given by Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) with Julian Day of snowmelt as the constraining variable. (2) Species responses were modelled by Generalized Linear Models (GLM). For species with significant unimodal responses, optimum and tolerance were calculated. For species with significant linear models, different species response models were identified by the regression intercepts. One hundred and twenty six species (taxa) were tested, and 103 evidenced statistically significant ( p
