The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kozaburo Hayashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the characteristics of Keratomycosis by beauveria bassiana and its successful treatment with antimycotic agents
Clinical Ophthalmology, 2008Co-Authors: Hiroko Sonoyama, Shigeyasu Kazama, Tsutomu Kawasaki, Hidenao Ideta, Kaoru Arakisasaki, Atsuko Sunada, Seishi Asari, Yoshitsugu Inoue, Kozaburo HayashiAbstract:Clinical findings and treatment of Keratomycosis caused by Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic filamentous fungus, are described for an 80-year-old woman, who was referred to the hospital for ocular pain and redness on the 9th day after an ocular injury caused by the frame of her glasses. She had a long history of recurrent diabetic iritis and continuously used topical antibiotics and corticosteroids. At her first visit, a slit-lamp examination indicated a corneal ulcer confined within the superficial stromal layer, along with a slight infiltration and edema. Only a very few inflammatory cells were seen in the anterior chamber. Direct microscopic examination of corneal scrapings revealed septate fungal hyphae with zig-zag rachis and budding that was subsequently identified as B. bassiana by slide culture. Topical voriconazole with miconazole, pimaricin and oral itraconazole were effective and the lesion disappeared leaving only a mild scar at 2 months. The sensitivity of B. bassiana to various antimycotic agents was confirmed by broth microdilution, agar dilution with the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute standard, and a disk method using topically applied concentrations. B. bassiana, which exhibits a characteristic appearance in smears and causes superficial Keratomycosis, is sensitive to voriconazole with miconazole, pimaricin, and itraconazole.
Jaime Aramberri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Keratomycosis after cataract surgery
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2000Co-Authors: Javier Mendicute, Angel Sáiz, Fabiola Eder, Javier Orbegozo, Miguel Ruiz, Jaime AramberriAbstract:Abstract Purpose To evaluate cases and results of Keratomycosis that developed after cataract surgery. Setting Hospital de Guipuzcoa, San Sebastian, Spain. Methods This retrospective study comprised 8 patients who developed Keratomycosis soon after cataract surgery. Results Culture analysis revealed 7 cases of Aspergillus fumigatus and 1 of Aspergillus flavus. After medical treatment with antifungal agents, 6 cases resolved and 2 required evisceration. Conclusions The presence of fungi in corneal ulcers that develop after cataract surgery should be considered. Initiation of early treatment determines the prognosis. Among the therapeutic options, collagen shields soaked in amphotericin B may be effective.
Hiroko Sonoyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the characteristics of Keratomycosis by beauveria bassiana and its successful treatment with antimycotic agents
Clinical Ophthalmology, 2008Co-Authors: Hiroko Sonoyama, Shigeyasu Kazama, Tsutomu Kawasaki, Hidenao Ideta, Kaoru Arakisasaki, Atsuko Sunada, Seishi Asari, Yoshitsugu Inoue, Kozaburo HayashiAbstract:Clinical findings and treatment of Keratomycosis caused by Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic filamentous fungus, are described for an 80-year-old woman, who was referred to the hospital for ocular pain and redness on the 9th day after an ocular injury caused by the frame of her glasses. She had a long history of recurrent diabetic iritis and continuously used topical antibiotics and corticosteroids. At her first visit, a slit-lamp examination indicated a corneal ulcer confined within the superficial stromal layer, along with a slight infiltration and edema. Only a very few inflammatory cells were seen in the anterior chamber. Direct microscopic examination of corneal scrapings revealed septate fungal hyphae with zig-zag rachis and budding that was subsequently identified as B. bassiana by slide culture. Topical voriconazole with miconazole, pimaricin and oral itraconazole were effective and the lesion disappeared leaving only a mild scar at 2 months. The sensitivity of B. bassiana to various antimycotic agents was confirmed by broth microdilution, agar dilution with the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute standard, and a disk method using topically applied concentrations. B. bassiana, which exhibits a characteristic appearance in smears and causes superficial Keratomycosis, is sensitive to voriconazole with miconazole, pimaricin, and itraconazole.
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The characteristics of Keratomycosis by Beauveria bassiana and its successful treatment with antimycotic agents
Dove Medical Press, 2008Co-Authors: Hiroko Sonoyama, Kaoru Araki-sasaki, Shigeyasu Kazama, Tsutomu Kawasaki, Hidenao IdetaAbstract:Hiroko Sonoyama1, Kaoru Araki-Sasaki1, Shigeyasu Kazama1, Tsutomu Kawasaki1, Hidenao Ideta1, Atsuko Sunada2, Seishi Asari2, Yoshitsugu Inoue3, Kozaburo Hayashi41Ideta Eye Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan; 2Department of Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; 3Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organ, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan; 4Immunology and Virology Section Lab, Immunology, NEI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USAAbstract: Clinical findings and treatment of Keratomycosis caused by Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic filamentous fungus, are described for an 80-year-old woman, who was referred to the hospital for ocular pain and redness on the 9th day after an ocular injury caused by the frame of her glasses. She had a long history of recurrent diabetic iritis and continuously used topical antibiotics and corticosteroids. At her first visit, a slit-lamp examination indicated a corneal ulcer confined within the superficial stromal layer, along with a slight infiltration and edema. Only a very few inflammatory cells were seen in the anterior chamber. Direct microscopic examination of corneal scrapings revealed septate fungal hyphae with zig-zag rachis and budding that was subsequently identified as B. bassiana by slide culture. Topical voriconazole with miconazole, pimaricin and oral itraconazole were effective and the lesion disappeared leaving only a mild scar at 2 months. The sensitivity of B. bassiana to various antimycotic agents was confirmed by broth microdilution, agar dilution with the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute standard, and a disk method using topically applied concentrations. B. bassiana, which exhibits a characteristic appearance in smears and causes superficial Keratomycosis, is sensitive to voriconazole with miconazole, pimaricin, and itraconazole.Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, Keratomycosis, filamentous fungus, voriconazole, corneal infectio
Bernhard M Spiess - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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equine Keratomycosis in switzerland a retrospective evaluation of 35 horses january 2000 august 2011
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Katrin Voelterratson, Simon A Pot, Marion Florin, Bernhard M SpiessAbstract:Summary Reason for performing study Keratomycosis is a severe disease in horses. Geographical differences in fungi causing Keratomycosis and susceptibility of the organisms to antifungal drugs exist but few previous publications on this disease originate from Europe. Objective To retrospectively compare the clinical data of 36 eyes with Keratomycosis, diagnosed in 35 horses between January 2000 and August 2011 at the Vetsuisse Faculty of Switzerland. Case history, season, prior treatment, clinical appearance, surgical and medical treatment, treatment duration, and globe survival were evaluated. Study design Retrospective case series. Methods Medical records of horses with a definitive cytological or histological diagnosis of Keratomycosis were reviewed. Results Thirty-one of 36 eyes (86.1%) presented with ulcerative keratitis, 2/36 (5.55%) had diffuse corneal infiltration, 2/36 (5.55%) had superficial punctate keratitis and 1/36 (2.8%) had a fluorescein-negative fungal plaque. Two of 6 fungal cultures produced Aspergillus spp. Thirty eyes received medical and surgical treatment, while 3 eyes were treated medically only. In 3 horses the globe was removed at the time of first presentation. Sex, age, prior treatment with antimicrobials or steroids, or type of surgical approach did not significantly influence the outcome. Twenty-three of 36 eyes (63.9%) were at least partially visual, 11/36 eyes (30.5%) were enucleated and 2 horses (2/36 eyes, 5.6%) were subjected to euthanasia. Treatment protocols were compared in the 31 eyes with ulcerative keratitis. In this group, 3/31 globes were immediately enucleated, 16/31 eyes were treated topically with voriconazole or voriconazole/fluconazole and 12/31 with other antifungal drug combinations. The different medication protocols did not significantly affect the outcome. Conclusions There were no significant differences in outcome between different medical treatment protocols or types of surgical approach. Potential relevance Future studies in central Europe should focus on the identification of fungal pathogens, susceptibility patterns and the efficacy of antifungal drug therapies.
Kirk R. Wilhelmus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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© 2009 Molecular Vision Corneal neovascularization during experimental fungal keratitis
2013Co-Authors: Xiaoyong Yuan, Kirk R. WilhelmusAbstract:Purpose: To investigate the development of corneal neovascularization, the corneal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the antiangiogenic effects of a VEGF-inhibitory antibody during experimental Keratomycosis. Methods: Scarified corneas of BALB/c mice were topically inoculated with Candida albicans and monitored daily for corneal neovascularization. A murine gene microarray compared infected corneas to controls 1 day after inoculation. Realtime reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) determined levels of genes encoding VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D and placental growth factor in infected, mock-inoculated, and normal corneas. Immunostaining localized VEGF-A in corneal sections. An anti-VEGF-A antibody that binds to murine VEGF was evaluated for effects on corneal neovascularization and fungal recovery. Results: Eyes with C. albicans keratitis manifested limbal capillary budding on the second postinoculation day, and intrastromal neovascular tufts subsequently grew at a mean rate of 250±80 μm/day. One day after the onset of C. albicans keratitis, VEGF-A was upregulated 12.5 fold (p=0.01) by microarray and 8.8 fold (p=0.004) by real-time RT-PCR, followed by a measured decline toward baseline over one week. VEGF-A was present in the epithelium and stroma of infected corneas. Scarification alone did not alter VEGF expression compared to the normal cornea. Anti-VEGF-A antibody significantly (p<0.01) decreased the formation of new corneal blood vessels during experimental Keratomycosis without adversely affecting the fungal load of C. albicans keratitis
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Prevalence and spectrum of bacterial co-infection during fungal keratitis.
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2006Co-Authors: J C Pate, D B Jones, Kirk R. WilhelmusAbstract:Aims: To estimate the propensity of Keratomycosis for parallel or secondary bacterial infection and to explore affinities among fungal and bacterial co-isolates. Methods: A retrospective review of laboratory records over 24 years yielded 152 episodes of culture positive fungal keratitis. After collating 65 corneal specimens having bacterial co-isolates, polymicrobial co-infection was defined as detection of concordant bacteria on smear and culture or on two or more different media. Results: 30 (20%) keratomycoses met laboratory criteria for polymicrobial infection. The risk of bacterial co-infection was 3.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.7 to 5.8) times greater with yeast keratitis than with filamentous fungal keratitis. Conclusions: Bacterial co-infection occasionally complicates fungal keratitis, particularly candidiasis.
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experimental Keratomycosis in a mouse model
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2003Co-Authors: Kirk R. Wilhelmus, Bradley M MitchellAbstract:PURPOSE. To establish a murine model of corneal candidiasis that permits molecular evaluation of fungal adherence and invasion. METHODS. Corneas of immunocompetent, methylprednisolone-treated, and cyclophosphamide-treated adult NIH Swiss and BALB/c mice were topically mock inoculated or inoculated with 10-fold increasing amounts between 100 and 100 million colony-forming units (CFU) of Candida albicans after unilateral corneal scarification. Mock-inoculated eyes served as the control. Eyes were scored daily on a 12-point scale to categorize corneal inflammation and were enucleated for quantitative fungal cultures, analysis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and histopathologic examination. RESULTS. At least 100 CFU of C albicans initiated measurable corneal infection, but 1 million or more colony-forming units were needed to induce consistent keratitis. Treatment with methylprednisolone increased disease severity in infected BALB/c mice and fungal persistence in both BALB/c and NIH Swiss mice. Treatment with cyclophosphamide increased disease severity and fungal persistence in both strains of mice. Infectious organisms were recovered by quantitative culture, and candidal DNA was detectable by PCR. C, albicans, inflammatory cells, and stromal necrosis were histologically evident within ocular tissue. CONCLUSIONS. Although mice are innately resistant to Candida infection after corneal inoculation, moderate to severe Keratomycosis can be established in immunocompromised mice by the route of corneal scarification. Although differences between mouse strains and among immunosuppressive regimens remain to be explored, this murine model provides the basis for understanding the pathogenesis of fungal infections of the cornea.
