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Emilio Agostoni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pleural liquid and Kinetic Friction coefficient of mesothelium after mechanical ventilation
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2015Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Volume and protein concentration of pleural liquid in anesthetized rabbits after 1 or 3 h of mechanical ventilation, with alveolar pressure equal to atmospheric at end expiration, were compared to those occurring after spontaneous breathing. Moreover, coefficient of Kinetic Friction between samples of visceral and parietal pleura, obtained after spontaneous or mechanical ventilation, sliding in vitro at physiological velocity under physiological load, was determined. Volume of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was similar to that previously found during spontaneous ventilation. This finding is contrary to expectation of Moriondo et al. (2005) , based on measurement of lymphatic and interstitial pressure. Protein concentration of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was also similar to that occurring after spontaneous ventilation. Coefficient of Kinetic Friction after mechanical ventilation was 0.023 ± 0.001, similar to that obtained after spontaneous breathing.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after phospholipase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2014Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Coefficient of Kinetic Friction (μ) of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after short treatment of specimens with phospholipase C. This increase was removed by addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, as previously shown in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. After phospholipase μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, but at highest velocity it was still greater than control; this difference was removed by addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin, as in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. Hyaluronan placed on specimen before phospholipase treatment reduced increase in μ by protecting phospholipids from enzyme, as shown by others for alveolar and synovial phospholipids. Samples of parietal pleura stained with silver nitrate showed that mesothelial cells were not disrupted by short phospholipase treatment. Instead, they were disrupted if this treatment was preceded by a short pronase treatment; but even after this disruption addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin brought μ back to control.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after hyaluronidase neuraminidase or pronase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2013Co-Authors: Chiara Sironi, Francesca Bodega, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) of pleural mesothelium has been found to increase markedly after mesothelial blotting and rewetting. This increase disappeared after addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, though previous morphological studies showed that only sialomucin occurs in mesothelial glycocalyx. In this research we investigated whether μ of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after hyaluronidase, neuraminidase or pronase treatment. Hyaluronidase and neuraminidase did not increase μ , though neuraminidase cleaved sialic acid from mesothelial glycocalyx of diaphragm specimens, and removed hystochemical stain of sialic acid from glycocalyx. Sialomucin treated with neuraminidase lowered μ of blotted mesothelium, though less than untreated sialomucin; this feature plus lubrication provided by other molecules could explain why μ did not increase after neuraminidase. Short pronase treatment (in order to affect only glycocalyx proteins) increased μ ; this increase was removed by hyaluronan or sialomucin. After pronase treatment μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, indicating a regime of mixed lubrication, as in blotted mesothelium.
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Lubricating effect of sialomucin and hyaluronan on pleural mesothelium
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Francesca Arnaboldi, Matteo Pecchiari, Isabella Barajon, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) between rabbit visceral and parietal pleura, sliding in vitro at physiological velocities and load, increases markedly after blotting mesothelial surface with filter paper; this increase is only partially reduced by wetting blotted mesothelium with Ringer solution. Given that mesothelial surface is covered by a thick coat with sialomucin and hyaluronan, we tested whether addition of sialomucin or hyaluronan solution after blotting lowers μ more than Ringer alone. Actually, these macromolecules lowered μ more than Ringer, so that μ was no longer significantly higher than its preblotting value. Moreover, Ringer addition, after washout of macromolecule solution, increased μ , in line with their dilution. These findings indicate that mesothelial blotting removes part of these molecules from the coat covering mesothelial surface, and their relevance for pleural lubrication. Transmission electron micrographs of pleural specimens after mesothelial blotting showed that microvilli were partially or largely removed from mesothelium, consistent with a substantial loss of macromolecules normally entrapped among them.
Francesca Bodega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pleural liquid and Kinetic Friction coefficient of mesothelium after mechanical ventilation
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2015Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Volume and protein concentration of pleural liquid in anesthetized rabbits after 1 or 3 h of mechanical ventilation, with alveolar pressure equal to atmospheric at end expiration, were compared to those occurring after spontaneous breathing. Moreover, coefficient of Kinetic Friction between samples of visceral and parietal pleura, obtained after spontaneous or mechanical ventilation, sliding in vitro at physiological velocity under physiological load, was determined. Volume of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was similar to that previously found during spontaneous ventilation. This finding is contrary to expectation of Moriondo et al. (2005) , based on measurement of lymphatic and interstitial pressure. Protein concentration of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was also similar to that occurring after spontaneous ventilation. Coefficient of Kinetic Friction after mechanical ventilation was 0.023 ± 0.001, similar to that obtained after spontaneous breathing.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after phospholipase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2014Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Coefficient of Kinetic Friction (μ) of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after short treatment of specimens with phospholipase C. This increase was removed by addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, as previously shown in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. After phospholipase μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, but at highest velocity it was still greater than control; this difference was removed by addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin, as in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. Hyaluronan placed on specimen before phospholipase treatment reduced increase in μ by protecting phospholipids from enzyme, as shown by others for alveolar and synovial phospholipids. Samples of parietal pleura stained with silver nitrate showed that mesothelial cells were not disrupted by short phospholipase treatment. Instead, they were disrupted if this treatment was preceded by a short pronase treatment; but even after this disruption addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin brought μ back to control.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after hyaluronidase neuraminidase or pronase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2013Co-Authors: Chiara Sironi, Francesca Bodega, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) of pleural mesothelium has been found to increase markedly after mesothelial blotting and rewetting. This increase disappeared after addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, though previous morphological studies showed that only sialomucin occurs in mesothelial glycocalyx. In this research we investigated whether μ of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after hyaluronidase, neuraminidase or pronase treatment. Hyaluronidase and neuraminidase did not increase μ , though neuraminidase cleaved sialic acid from mesothelial glycocalyx of diaphragm specimens, and removed hystochemical stain of sialic acid from glycocalyx. Sialomucin treated with neuraminidase lowered μ of blotted mesothelium, though less than untreated sialomucin; this feature plus lubrication provided by other molecules could explain why μ did not increase after neuraminidase. Short pronase treatment (in order to affect only glycocalyx proteins) increased μ ; this increase was removed by hyaluronan or sialomucin. After pronase treatment μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, indicating a regime of mixed lubrication, as in blotted mesothelium.
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Lubricating effect of sialomucin and hyaluronan on pleural mesothelium
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Francesca Arnaboldi, Matteo Pecchiari, Isabella Barajon, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) between rabbit visceral and parietal pleura, sliding in vitro at physiological velocities and load, increases markedly after blotting mesothelial surface with filter paper; this increase is only partially reduced by wetting blotted mesothelium with Ringer solution. Given that mesothelial surface is covered by a thick coat with sialomucin and hyaluronan, we tested whether addition of sialomucin or hyaluronan solution after blotting lowers μ more than Ringer alone. Actually, these macromolecules lowered μ more than Ringer, so that μ was no longer significantly higher than its preblotting value. Moreover, Ringer addition, after washout of macromolecule solution, increased μ , in line with their dilution. These findings indicate that mesothelial blotting removes part of these molecules from the coat covering mesothelial surface, and their relevance for pleural lubrication. Transmission electron micrographs of pleural specimens after mesothelial blotting showed that microvilli were partially or largely removed from mesothelium, consistent with a substantial loss of macromolecules normally entrapped among them.
Andreas Stemmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Veloctity Dependent Friction Laws in Contact
2007Co-Authors: Mode Atomic-force Microscopy, Robert W Stark, Georg Schitter, Andreas StemmerAbstract:Friction forces in the tip-sample contact govern the dynamics of contact mode atomic-force microscopy. In ambient conditions typical contact radii between tip and sample are in the order of a few nanometers. In order to account for the large interaction area the dynamics of contact mode AFM is investigated under the assumption of a multi-asperity contact interface between tip and sample. Thus, the Kinetic Friction force between tip and sample is the product of the real contact area between both solids and the interfacial shear strength. The velocity strengthening of the lateral force is modeled assuming a logarithmic relationship between shear-strength and velocity. Numerical simulations of the system dynamics with this empirical model show the existence of two di#erent regimes in contact mode AFM: steady sliding and stick-slip where the tip undergoes periodically stiction and Kinetic Friction. The state of the system depends on the scan velocity as well as on the velocity dependence of the interfacial Friction force between tip and sample. Already small viscous damping contributions in the tip sample contact are su#cient to suppress stick-slip oscillations
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velocity dependent Friction laws in contact mode atomic force microscopy
Ultramicroscopy, 2004Co-Authors: Robert W Stark, Georg Schitter, Andreas StemmerAbstract:Friction forces in the tip-sample contact govern the dynamics of contact mode atomic force microscopy. In ambient conditions typical contact radii between tip and sample are in the order of a few nanometers. In order to account for the large interaction area the dynamics of contact mode atomic force microscope (AFM) is investigated under the assumption of a multi-asperity contact interface between tip and sample. Thus, the Kinetic Friction force between tip and sample is the product of the real contact area between both solids and the interfacial shear strength. The velocity strengthening of the lateral force is modeled assuming a logarithmic relationship between shear-strength and velocity. Numerical simulations of the system dynamics with this empirical model show the existence of two different regimes in contact mode AFM: steady sliding and stick-slip where the tip undergoes periodically stiction and Kinetic Friction. The state of the system depends on the scan velocity as well as on the velocity dependence of the interfacial Friction force between tip and sample. Already small viscous damping contributions in the tip-sample contact are sufficient to suppress stick-slip oscillations.
Chiara Sironi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pleural liquid and Kinetic Friction coefficient of mesothelium after mechanical ventilation
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2015Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Volume and protein concentration of pleural liquid in anesthetized rabbits after 1 or 3 h of mechanical ventilation, with alveolar pressure equal to atmospheric at end expiration, were compared to those occurring after spontaneous breathing. Moreover, coefficient of Kinetic Friction between samples of visceral and parietal pleura, obtained after spontaneous or mechanical ventilation, sliding in vitro at physiological velocity under physiological load, was determined. Volume of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was similar to that previously found during spontaneous ventilation. This finding is contrary to expectation of Moriondo et al. (2005) , based on measurement of lymphatic and interstitial pressure. Protein concentration of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was also similar to that occurring after spontaneous ventilation. Coefficient of Kinetic Friction after mechanical ventilation was 0.023 ± 0.001, similar to that obtained after spontaneous breathing.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after phospholipase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2014Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Coefficient of Kinetic Friction (μ) of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after short treatment of specimens with phospholipase C. This increase was removed by addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, as previously shown in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. After phospholipase μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, but at highest velocity it was still greater than control; this difference was removed by addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin, as in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. Hyaluronan placed on specimen before phospholipase treatment reduced increase in μ by protecting phospholipids from enzyme, as shown by others for alveolar and synovial phospholipids. Samples of parietal pleura stained with silver nitrate showed that mesothelial cells were not disrupted by short phospholipase treatment. Instead, they were disrupted if this treatment was preceded by a short pronase treatment; but even after this disruption addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin brought μ back to control.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after hyaluronidase neuraminidase or pronase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2013Co-Authors: Chiara Sironi, Francesca Bodega, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) of pleural mesothelium has been found to increase markedly after mesothelial blotting and rewetting. This increase disappeared after addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, though previous morphological studies showed that only sialomucin occurs in mesothelial glycocalyx. In this research we investigated whether μ of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after hyaluronidase, neuraminidase or pronase treatment. Hyaluronidase and neuraminidase did not increase μ , though neuraminidase cleaved sialic acid from mesothelial glycocalyx of diaphragm specimens, and removed hystochemical stain of sialic acid from glycocalyx. Sialomucin treated with neuraminidase lowered μ of blotted mesothelium, though less than untreated sialomucin; this feature plus lubrication provided by other molecules could explain why μ did not increase after neuraminidase. Short pronase treatment (in order to affect only glycocalyx proteins) increased μ ; this increase was removed by hyaluronan or sialomucin. After pronase treatment μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, indicating a regime of mixed lubrication, as in blotted mesothelium.
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Lubricating effect of sialomucin and hyaluronan on pleural mesothelium
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Francesca Arnaboldi, Matteo Pecchiari, Isabella Barajon, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) between rabbit visceral and parietal pleura, sliding in vitro at physiological velocities and load, increases markedly after blotting mesothelial surface with filter paper; this increase is only partially reduced by wetting blotted mesothelium with Ringer solution. Given that mesothelial surface is covered by a thick coat with sialomucin and hyaluronan, we tested whether addition of sialomucin or hyaluronan solution after blotting lowers μ more than Ringer alone. Actually, these macromolecules lowered μ more than Ringer, so that μ was no longer significantly higher than its preblotting value. Moreover, Ringer addition, after washout of macromolecule solution, increased μ , in line with their dilution. These findings indicate that mesothelial blotting removes part of these molecules from the coat covering mesothelial surface, and their relevance for pleural lubrication. Transmission electron micrographs of pleural specimens after mesothelial blotting showed that microvilli were partially or largely removed from mesothelium, consistent with a substantial loss of macromolecules normally entrapped among them.
Cristina Porta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pleural liquid and Kinetic Friction coefficient of mesothelium after mechanical ventilation
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2015Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Volume and protein concentration of pleural liquid in anesthetized rabbits after 1 or 3 h of mechanical ventilation, with alveolar pressure equal to atmospheric at end expiration, were compared to those occurring after spontaneous breathing. Moreover, coefficient of Kinetic Friction between samples of visceral and parietal pleura, obtained after spontaneous or mechanical ventilation, sliding in vitro at physiological velocity under physiological load, was determined. Volume of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was similar to that previously found during spontaneous ventilation. This finding is contrary to expectation of Moriondo et al. (2005) , based on measurement of lymphatic and interstitial pressure. Protein concentration of pleural liquid after mechanical ventilation was also similar to that occurring after spontaneous ventilation. Coefficient of Kinetic Friction after mechanical ventilation was 0.023 ± 0.001, similar to that obtained after spontaneous breathing.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after phospholipase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2014Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Luciano Zocchi, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Coefficient of Kinetic Friction (μ) of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after short treatment of specimens with phospholipase C. This increase was removed by addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, as previously shown in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. After phospholipase μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, but at highest velocity it was still greater than control; this difference was removed by addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin, as in post-blotting Ringer or after short pronase treatment. Hyaluronan placed on specimen before phospholipase treatment reduced increase in μ by protecting phospholipids from enzyme, as shown by others for alveolar and synovial phospholipids. Samples of parietal pleura stained with silver nitrate showed that mesothelial cells were not disrupted by short phospholipase treatment. Instead, they were disrupted if this treatment was preceded by a short pronase treatment; but even after this disruption addition of hyaluronan or sialomucin brought μ back to control.
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pleural mesothelium lubrication after hyaluronidase neuraminidase or pronase treatment
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2013Co-Authors: Chiara Sironi, Francesca Bodega, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) of pleural mesothelium has been found to increase markedly after mesothelial blotting and rewetting. This increase disappeared after addition of a solution with hyaluronan or sialomucin, though previous morphological studies showed that only sialomucin occurs in mesothelial glycocalyx. In this research we investigated whether μ of rabbit pleural mesothelium increased after hyaluronidase, neuraminidase or pronase treatment. Hyaluronidase and neuraminidase did not increase μ , though neuraminidase cleaved sialic acid from mesothelial glycocalyx of diaphragm specimens, and removed hystochemical stain of sialic acid from glycocalyx. Sialomucin treated with neuraminidase lowered μ of blotted mesothelium, though less than untreated sialomucin; this feature plus lubrication provided by other molecules could explain why μ did not increase after neuraminidase. Short pronase treatment (in order to affect only glycocalyx proteins) increased μ ; this increase was removed by hyaluronan or sialomucin. After pronase treatment μ decreased with increase in sliding velocity, indicating a regime of mixed lubrication, as in blotted mesothelium.
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Lubricating effect of sialomucin and hyaluronan on pleural mesothelium
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Francesca Bodega, Francesca Arnaboldi, Matteo Pecchiari, Isabella Barajon, Chiara Sironi, Cristina Porta, Emilio AgostoniAbstract:Abstract Coefficient of Kinetic Friction ( μ ) between rabbit visceral and parietal pleura, sliding in vitro at physiological velocities and load, increases markedly after blotting mesothelial surface with filter paper; this increase is only partially reduced by wetting blotted mesothelium with Ringer solution. Given that mesothelial surface is covered by a thick coat with sialomucin and hyaluronan, we tested whether addition of sialomucin or hyaluronan solution after blotting lowers μ more than Ringer alone. Actually, these macromolecules lowered μ more than Ringer, so that μ was no longer significantly higher than its preblotting value. Moreover, Ringer addition, after washout of macromolecule solution, increased μ , in line with their dilution. These findings indicate that mesothelial blotting removes part of these molecules from the coat covering mesothelial surface, and their relevance for pleural lubrication. Transmission electron micrographs of pleural specimens after mesothelial blotting showed that microvilli were partially or largely removed from mesothelium, consistent with a substantial loss of macromolecules normally entrapped among them.
