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Pierre-olivier Cheptou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Season-dependent effect of cleistogamy in Lamium amplexicaule: flower type origin versus inbreeding status.
American journal of botany, 2019Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:PREMISE Inbreeding depression is traditionally considered a major factor favoring outcrossing in hermaphrodites. Recent experiments have shown that environmental conditions can influence the magnitude of inbreeding depression, but their relevance in natural populations is unclear. To investigate this, we studied the cleistogamous species Lamium amplexicaule, an annual species with individuals experiencing either spring or autumn environmental conditions. In this species, the proportion of cleistogamous/chasmogamous flowers changes according to seasonal cues (e.g., temperature, photoperiod). Our hypothesis was that the plasticity of cleistogamy is an adaptation to seasonal fitness variation in different flower progenies. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we produced the three possible types of progenies through controlled crosses: (1) selfed progeny from cleistogamous flowers; (2) chasmogamous selfed progeny; and (3) chasmogamous outcrossed progeny. Progeny fitness was then measured in a common garden in the two reproduction seasons (autumn and spring). RESULTS The results showed that season had a major impact on fitness. The fitness of the different progeny types changed across seasons, indicating that the effect of cleistogamy on progeny performance is season-dependent, consistent with a previous study in a similar environment. Surprisingly, the flower from which the progeny issued (cleistogamous or chasmogamous) had more impact on fitness than the inbred status of the progeny (selfed versus outcrossed), suggesting a potential role of epigenetic processes. CONCLUSIONS The observed patterns of variation were not consistent either with adaptation to environment-dependent inbreeding depression or to variation in resource availability, but were possibly consistent with adaptation to seasonal pollinator activity.
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Is plasticity across seasons adaptive in the annual cleistogamous plant Lamium amplexicaule
Annals of botany, 2016Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many angiosperms exhibit cleistogamy, the production of both cleistogamous flowers (CL), which remain closed and obligately self-pollinated, and chasmogamous flowers (CH), which are potentially open-pollinated. The CH proportion can be plastic. Plasticity is adaptive if environmental changes can be reliably assessed and responded to with an appropriate phenotype and if plastic genotypes have higher fitness in variable environments than non-plastic ones. METHODS We studied the plastic response of four natural populations from northern and southern France of an annual cleistogamous plant, Lamium amplexicaule, to predictable seasonal variation. Plants were grown in a semi-controlled environment in spring and in autumn. We assessed the variation in flower number, phenology and cleistogamy-related traits, which were all plastic with respect to season. The CH proportion was higher in spring than in autumn in all four populations. KEY RESULTS We showed significant stabilizing selection for cleistogamy traits, with higher optimal CH proportions and more pronounced stabilizing selection in spring than in autumn. Observed CH proportions were close to the predicted optimal CH proportions in each season except in autumn for southern populations, which do not experience the autumnal growing season in nature. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with adaptive plasticity across seasons of cleistogamy in L. amplexicaule.We propose that adaptive plasticity of cleistogamy could be driven by pollination environment variation, with CL flowers providing reproductive assurance when pollinators are scarce and CH flowers reducing the inbreeding depression in offspring when pollinators are abundant.
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Does cleistogamy variation translate into outcrossing variation in the annual species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae)?
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Pierre-olivier Cheptou, Sandrine MauriceAbstract:The maintenance of cleistogamy, the ability to produce closed, obligately selfing flowers (CL), and open, potentially outcrossed flowers (CH), in different proportions, is classically explained through different morphological/physiological properties of the two floral types, but rarely as a mechanism of adjusting the outcrossing rate. We explore the link between CH proportion and overall outcrossing rate in natural populations of Lamium amplexicaule. We assessed number of calices, CH proportion, CH and overall outcrossing rate in four natural populations in two distant areas in France. In each region, we had one favorable and one unfavorable habitat population. Unfavorable habitats produce smaller plants (with fewer calices) with higher CH proportions compared to favorable habitats, regardless of the geographic origin of the populations. CH outcrossing rate did not change significantly among populations. Thus, the overall outcrossing rate in L. amplexicaule is mainly determined by the CH proportion. Contrary to the classical view, unfavorable environments in our study are associated with higher rate of chasmogamous flowers, supposedly more costly to produce. We propose that cleistogamy variation can be considered as a variation of the outcrossing rate and could be explained by classic forces driving the evolution of mating systems (inbreeding depression, pollinators’ abundance).
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Does cleistogamy variation translate into outcrossing variation in the annual species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae)
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Pierre-olivier Cheptou, Sandrine MauriceAbstract:The maintenance of cleistogamy, the ability to produce closed, obligately selfing flowers (CL), and open, potentially outcrossed flowers (CH), in different proportions, is classically explained through different morphological/physiological properties of the two floral types, but rarely as a mechanism of adjusting the outcrossing rate. We explore the link between CH proportion and overall outcrossing rate in natural populations of Lamium amplexicaule. We assessed number of calices, CH proportion, CH and overall outcrossing rate in four natural populations in two distant areas in France. In each region, we had one favorable and one unfavorable habitat population. Unfavorable habitats produce smaller plants (with fewer calices) with higher CH proportions compared to favorable habitats, regardless of the geographic origin of the populations. CH outcrossing rate did not change significantly among populations. Thus, the overall outcrossing rate in L. amplexicaule is mainly determined by the CH proportion. Contrary to the classical view, unfavorable environments in our study are associated with higher rate of chasmogamous flowers, supposedly more costly to produce. We propose that cleistogamy variation can be considered as a variation of the outcrossing rate and could be explained by classic forces driving the evolution of mating systems (inbreeding depression, pollinators’ abundance).
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Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for the cleistogamous species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae).
Applications in plant sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Marie-pierre Dubois, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:Premise of the study: Lamium amplexicaule is a cleistogamous plant that produces both closed flowers (obligately self-pollinated) and open flowers (potentially outcrossed). The conditions for the maintenance of such a mating system depend on the outcrossing rate of the open flowers, which can be estimated using neutral microsatellite markers. Methods and Results: Forty primer pairs corresponding to microsatellite motifs obtained by coupling multiplex microsatellite enrichment and next-generation sequencing were tested. Thirteen primers amplified with satisfying results. The polymorphism of these markers was studied in four French populations. Allele number varied from one to eight per locus and per population. Heterozygosity levels were significantly lower than those expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusions: Our results are consistent with a partial self-fertilization pattern. These markers will be used to estimate the outcrossing rate as well as population differentiation in L. amplexicaule.
Bojana Stojanova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Season-dependent effect of cleistogamy in Lamium amplexicaule: flower type origin versus inbreeding status.
American journal of botany, 2019Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:PREMISE Inbreeding depression is traditionally considered a major factor favoring outcrossing in hermaphrodites. Recent experiments have shown that environmental conditions can influence the magnitude of inbreeding depression, but their relevance in natural populations is unclear. To investigate this, we studied the cleistogamous species Lamium amplexicaule, an annual species with individuals experiencing either spring or autumn environmental conditions. In this species, the proportion of cleistogamous/chasmogamous flowers changes according to seasonal cues (e.g., temperature, photoperiod). Our hypothesis was that the plasticity of cleistogamy is an adaptation to seasonal fitness variation in different flower progenies. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we produced the three possible types of progenies through controlled crosses: (1) selfed progeny from cleistogamous flowers; (2) chasmogamous selfed progeny; and (3) chasmogamous outcrossed progeny. Progeny fitness was then measured in a common garden in the two reproduction seasons (autumn and spring). RESULTS The results showed that season had a major impact on fitness. The fitness of the different progeny types changed across seasons, indicating that the effect of cleistogamy on progeny performance is season-dependent, consistent with a previous study in a similar environment. Surprisingly, the flower from which the progeny issued (cleistogamous or chasmogamous) had more impact on fitness than the inbred status of the progeny (selfed versus outcrossed), suggesting a potential role of epigenetic processes. CONCLUSIONS The observed patterns of variation were not consistent either with adaptation to environment-dependent inbreeding depression or to variation in resource availability, but were possibly consistent with adaptation to seasonal pollinator activity.
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Is plasticity across seasons adaptive in the annual cleistogamous plant Lamium amplexicaule
Annals of botany, 2016Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many angiosperms exhibit cleistogamy, the production of both cleistogamous flowers (CL), which remain closed and obligately self-pollinated, and chasmogamous flowers (CH), which are potentially open-pollinated. The CH proportion can be plastic. Plasticity is adaptive if environmental changes can be reliably assessed and responded to with an appropriate phenotype and if plastic genotypes have higher fitness in variable environments than non-plastic ones. METHODS We studied the plastic response of four natural populations from northern and southern France of an annual cleistogamous plant, Lamium amplexicaule, to predictable seasonal variation. Plants were grown in a semi-controlled environment in spring and in autumn. We assessed the variation in flower number, phenology and cleistogamy-related traits, which were all plastic with respect to season. The CH proportion was higher in spring than in autumn in all four populations. KEY RESULTS We showed significant stabilizing selection for cleistogamy traits, with higher optimal CH proportions and more pronounced stabilizing selection in spring than in autumn. Observed CH proportions were close to the predicted optimal CH proportions in each season except in autumn for southern populations, which do not experience the autumnal growing season in nature. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with adaptive plasticity across seasons of cleistogamy in L. amplexicaule.We propose that adaptive plasticity of cleistogamy could be driven by pollination environment variation, with CL flowers providing reproductive assurance when pollinators are scarce and CH flowers reducing the inbreeding depression in offspring when pollinators are abundant.
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Does cleistogamy variation translate into outcrossing variation in the annual species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae)?
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Pierre-olivier Cheptou, Sandrine MauriceAbstract:The maintenance of cleistogamy, the ability to produce closed, obligately selfing flowers (CL), and open, potentially outcrossed flowers (CH), in different proportions, is classically explained through different morphological/physiological properties of the two floral types, but rarely as a mechanism of adjusting the outcrossing rate. We explore the link between CH proportion and overall outcrossing rate in natural populations of Lamium amplexicaule. We assessed number of calices, CH proportion, CH and overall outcrossing rate in four natural populations in two distant areas in France. In each region, we had one favorable and one unfavorable habitat population. Unfavorable habitats produce smaller plants (with fewer calices) with higher CH proportions compared to favorable habitats, regardless of the geographic origin of the populations. CH outcrossing rate did not change significantly among populations. Thus, the overall outcrossing rate in L. amplexicaule is mainly determined by the CH proportion. Contrary to the classical view, unfavorable environments in our study are associated with higher rate of chasmogamous flowers, supposedly more costly to produce. We propose that cleistogamy variation can be considered as a variation of the outcrossing rate and could be explained by classic forces driving the evolution of mating systems (inbreeding depression, pollinators’ abundance).
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Does cleistogamy variation translate into outcrossing variation in the annual species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae)
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Pierre-olivier Cheptou, Sandrine MauriceAbstract:The maintenance of cleistogamy, the ability to produce closed, obligately selfing flowers (CL), and open, potentially outcrossed flowers (CH), in different proportions, is classically explained through different morphological/physiological properties of the two floral types, but rarely as a mechanism of adjusting the outcrossing rate. We explore the link between CH proportion and overall outcrossing rate in natural populations of Lamium amplexicaule. We assessed number of calices, CH proportion, CH and overall outcrossing rate in four natural populations in two distant areas in France. In each region, we had one favorable and one unfavorable habitat population. Unfavorable habitats produce smaller plants (with fewer calices) with higher CH proportions compared to favorable habitats, regardless of the geographic origin of the populations. CH outcrossing rate did not change significantly among populations. Thus, the overall outcrossing rate in L. amplexicaule is mainly determined by the CH proportion. Contrary to the classical view, unfavorable environments in our study are associated with higher rate of chasmogamous flowers, supposedly more costly to produce. We propose that cleistogamy variation can be considered as a variation of the outcrossing rate and could be explained by classic forces driving the evolution of mating systems (inbreeding depression, pollinators’ abundance).
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is plastic cleistogamy an adaptive reproductive strategy a study of the annual species Lamium amplexicaule
2013Co-Authors: Bojana StojanovaAbstract:La cleistogamie est un regime de reproduction mixte particulier – contrairement aux regimes mixtes classiques ou un seul morphe floral effectue l'auto- et l'allofecondation, les especes cleistogames produisent des fleurs fermees (cleistogames, CL) qui sont obligatoirement autofecondees et des fleurs ouvertes (chasmogames) qui sont potentiellement allofecondees. D'autres particularites sont associees aux regimes cleistogames : i) les fleurs fermees ne peuvent pas exporter de pollen (pollen discounting total), resultant avec l'absence de l'avantage automatique de l'autofecondation, ii) les couts de production des deux morphes floraux ne sont pas les memes, iii) les differences observees entre les descendants CL et CH sont determinee par le degre de consanguinite mais aussi par le type de fleur dont un descendant est issu. Le taux de fleurs CH d'un individu est souvent plastique, ainsi la cleistogamie peut etre un moyen d'ajuster le taux d'allofecondation en fonction des conditions environnementales. Nous avons etudie une espece annuelle cleistogame, Lamium amplexicaule, qui peut produire une generation de plantes au printemps et une a l'automne et dont le taux CH depend de la variation des facteurs associes avec la saison. Nous avons recolte des donnees d'observation en population naturelle, des experiences en conditions semi-naturelles au printemps et a l'automne, effectue des analyses genotypiques avec des marqueurs microsatellites et construit un modele theorique simple dans le but de i) etudier la variation du taux CH et son caractere plastique ; ii) estimer le taux d'allofecondation des fleurs CH et son lien avec le taux CH ; iii) tester le caractere adaptatif de la cleistogamie plastique iv) tester differents scenarios evolutifs qui pourrait expliquer le maintien de la cleistogamie plastique de L. amplexicaule. Nos resultats montrent que la cleistogamie chez L. amplexicaule est un trait plastique et adapte a la variation entre saisons et aussi que la variation du taux CH se traduit en variation du taux d'allofecondation global. Nous resultats infirment une hypothese classique souvent utilisee pour expliquer l'evolution de la cleistogamie, a savoir que la production des deux types des fleurs en proportions variables est une adaptation a la disponibilite des ressources, et suggerent que c'est plutot la difference de valeur selective entre les descendants CL et CH ou la variation de l'abondance des pollinisateurs qui expliquent mieux la plasticite adaptative de la cleistogamie chez L. amplexicaule. Dans les perspectives de ce travail, nous proposons d'approfondir les etudes qui explorent le lien entre l'effet des forces evolutives qui operent au sein des regimes mixtes classiques (un seul morphe floral) et l'effet de la specialisation des structures florales pour differents modes de reproduction.
Sandrine Maurice - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Season-dependent effect of cleistogamy in Lamium amplexicaule: flower type origin versus inbreeding status.
American journal of botany, 2019Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:PREMISE Inbreeding depression is traditionally considered a major factor favoring outcrossing in hermaphrodites. Recent experiments have shown that environmental conditions can influence the magnitude of inbreeding depression, but their relevance in natural populations is unclear. To investigate this, we studied the cleistogamous species Lamium amplexicaule, an annual species with individuals experiencing either spring or autumn environmental conditions. In this species, the proportion of cleistogamous/chasmogamous flowers changes according to seasonal cues (e.g., temperature, photoperiod). Our hypothesis was that the plasticity of cleistogamy is an adaptation to seasonal fitness variation in different flower progenies. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we produced the three possible types of progenies through controlled crosses: (1) selfed progeny from cleistogamous flowers; (2) chasmogamous selfed progeny; and (3) chasmogamous outcrossed progeny. Progeny fitness was then measured in a common garden in the two reproduction seasons (autumn and spring). RESULTS The results showed that season had a major impact on fitness. The fitness of the different progeny types changed across seasons, indicating that the effect of cleistogamy on progeny performance is season-dependent, consistent with a previous study in a similar environment. Surprisingly, the flower from which the progeny issued (cleistogamous or chasmogamous) had more impact on fitness than the inbred status of the progeny (selfed versus outcrossed), suggesting a potential role of epigenetic processes. CONCLUSIONS The observed patterns of variation were not consistent either with adaptation to environment-dependent inbreeding depression or to variation in resource availability, but were possibly consistent with adaptation to seasonal pollinator activity.
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Is plasticity across seasons adaptive in the annual cleistogamous plant Lamium amplexicaule
Annals of botany, 2016Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many angiosperms exhibit cleistogamy, the production of both cleistogamous flowers (CL), which remain closed and obligately self-pollinated, and chasmogamous flowers (CH), which are potentially open-pollinated. The CH proportion can be plastic. Plasticity is adaptive if environmental changes can be reliably assessed and responded to with an appropriate phenotype and if plastic genotypes have higher fitness in variable environments than non-plastic ones. METHODS We studied the plastic response of four natural populations from northern and southern France of an annual cleistogamous plant, Lamium amplexicaule, to predictable seasonal variation. Plants were grown in a semi-controlled environment in spring and in autumn. We assessed the variation in flower number, phenology and cleistogamy-related traits, which were all plastic with respect to season. The CH proportion was higher in spring than in autumn in all four populations. KEY RESULTS We showed significant stabilizing selection for cleistogamy traits, with higher optimal CH proportions and more pronounced stabilizing selection in spring than in autumn. Observed CH proportions were close to the predicted optimal CH proportions in each season except in autumn for southern populations, which do not experience the autumnal growing season in nature. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with adaptive plasticity across seasons of cleistogamy in L. amplexicaule.We propose that adaptive plasticity of cleistogamy could be driven by pollination environment variation, with CL flowers providing reproductive assurance when pollinators are scarce and CH flowers reducing the inbreeding depression in offspring when pollinators are abundant.
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Does cleistogamy variation translate into outcrossing variation in the annual species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae)?
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Pierre-olivier Cheptou, Sandrine MauriceAbstract:The maintenance of cleistogamy, the ability to produce closed, obligately selfing flowers (CL), and open, potentially outcrossed flowers (CH), in different proportions, is classically explained through different morphological/physiological properties of the two floral types, but rarely as a mechanism of adjusting the outcrossing rate. We explore the link between CH proportion and overall outcrossing rate in natural populations of Lamium amplexicaule. We assessed number of calices, CH proportion, CH and overall outcrossing rate in four natural populations in two distant areas in France. In each region, we had one favorable and one unfavorable habitat population. Unfavorable habitats produce smaller plants (with fewer calices) with higher CH proportions compared to favorable habitats, regardless of the geographic origin of the populations. CH outcrossing rate did not change significantly among populations. Thus, the overall outcrossing rate in L. amplexicaule is mainly determined by the CH proportion. Contrary to the classical view, unfavorable environments in our study are associated with higher rate of chasmogamous flowers, supposedly more costly to produce. We propose that cleistogamy variation can be considered as a variation of the outcrossing rate and could be explained by classic forces driving the evolution of mating systems (inbreeding depression, pollinators’ abundance).
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Does cleistogamy variation translate into outcrossing variation in the annual species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae)
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Pierre-olivier Cheptou, Sandrine MauriceAbstract:The maintenance of cleistogamy, the ability to produce closed, obligately selfing flowers (CL), and open, potentially outcrossed flowers (CH), in different proportions, is classically explained through different morphological/physiological properties of the two floral types, but rarely as a mechanism of adjusting the outcrossing rate. We explore the link between CH proportion and overall outcrossing rate in natural populations of Lamium amplexicaule. We assessed number of calices, CH proportion, CH and overall outcrossing rate in four natural populations in two distant areas in France. In each region, we had one favorable and one unfavorable habitat population. Unfavorable habitats produce smaller plants (with fewer calices) with higher CH proportions compared to favorable habitats, regardless of the geographic origin of the populations. CH outcrossing rate did not change significantly among populations. Thus, the overall outcrossing rate in L. amplexicaule is mainly determined by the CH proportion. Contrary to the classical view, unfavorable environments in our study are associated with higher rate of chasmogamous flowers, supposedly more costly to produce. We propose that cleistogamy variation can be considered as a variation of the outcrossing rate and could be explained by classic forces driving the evolution of mating systems (inbreeding depression, pollinators’ abundance).
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Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for the cleistogamous species Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae).
Applications in plant sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Bojana Stojanova, Marie-pierre Dubois, Sandrine Maurice, Pierre-olivier CheptouAbstract:Premise of the study: Lamium amplexicaule is a cleistogamous plant that produces both closed flowers (obligately self-pollinated) and open flowers (potentially outcrossed). The conditions for the maintenance of such a mating system depend on the outcrossing rate of the open flowers, which can be estimated using neutral microsatellite markers. Methods and Results: Forty primer pairs corresponding to microsatellite motifs obtained by coupling multiplex microsatellite enrichment and next-generation sequencing were tested. Thirteen primers amplified with satisfying results. The polymorphism of these markers was studied in four French populations. Allele number varied from one to eight per locus and per population. Heterozygosity levels were significantly lower than those expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusions: Our results are consistent with a partial self-fertilization pattern. These markers will be used to estimate the outcrossing rate as well as population differentiation in L. amplexicaule.
Muhammad Nisar Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An inventory of the ethnobotanicals used as anthelmintics in the southern Punjab (Pakistan)
Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2006Co-Authors: Abdul Jabbar, Muhammad Asif Raza, Zafar Iqbal, Muhammad Nisar KhanAbstract:A survey was conducted in southern Punjab, Pakistan, in order to document existing ethnobotanical knowledge by the herdsmen/key respondents about anthelmintics in ruminants. A 3-satge process was used to document the plants being used to treat and/or control helminthes. This paper describes 29 plants to treat helminthosis in ruminants. The main plants used were Lamium amplexicaule L., Mallotus philippinensis Muell., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., and Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. A few of these plants have been scientifically validated for their claim by herdsmen on modern lines while majority of them still needs investigations. This documentation could provide a foundation for the scientific study and verification of those plants which merit such study.
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Ethnopharmacological communication An inventory of the ethnobotanicals used as anthelmintics in the southern Punjab (Pakistan)
2006Co-Authors: Abdul Jabbar, Muhammad Asif Raza, Zafar Iqbal, Muhammad Nisar KhanAbstract:A survey was conducted in southern Punjab, Pakistan, in order to document existing ethnobotanical knowledge by the herdsmen/key respondents about anthelmintics in ruminants. A 3-satge process was used to document the plants being used to treat and/or control helminthes. This paper describes 29 plants to treat helminthosis in ruminants. The main plants used were Lamium amplexicaule L., Mallotus philippinensis Muell., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., and Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. A few of these plants have been scientifically validated for their claim by herdsmen on modern lines while majority of them still needs investigations. This documentation could provide a foundation for the scientific study and verification of those plants which merit such study. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Shinichiro Okazaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of weed species as Tomato spotted wilt virus (Bunyaviridae: Tospovirus) acquisition sources for Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).
Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2009Co-Authors: Shinichiro Okazaki, Mitsuru Okuda, Tamito SakuraiAbstract:We examined the acquisition and transmission rates of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in Frankliniella occidentalis that were fed with eight TSWV-infected weed species. When the first instar larvae were given TSWV-infected leaves of Cerastium glomeratum, Solanum nigrum, Stellaria media, and Galinsoga ciliata, the acquisition rates of adult thrips were 85.4%, 73.6%, 72.6%, and 35.6%, and the transmission rates were 76.4%, 60.9%, 61.3%, and 29.9%, respectively. On the other hand, the acquisition and transmission rates were less than 10% when F. occidentalis were fed with Lamium amplexicaule, Stellaria neglecta, Veronica persica, and Vicia angustifolia. These results suggest that the potential to be an TSWV-acquisition source for F. occidentalis differs among weed species, and that the thrips can become transmitters by acquiring the virus from some weed species.
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Overwintering Viruliferous Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) as an Infection Source of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Green Pepper Fields
Plant disease, 2007Co-Authors: Shinichiro Okazaki, Mitsuru Okuda, Kazuhiro Komi, Hideaki Yoshimatsu, Toru IwanamiAbstract:Populations of overwintering viruliferous Frankliniella occidentalis were evaluated in Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)-affected green pepper fields in Bungo-Ohno City, Oita Prefecture, Japan. A survey of TSWV-infected weeds showed that the incidence of infection was low in weeds. Stellaria aquatica was infected frequently; however, the infections were considered secondary cases since S. aquatica appeared in the fields around late February to early March. In contrast, TSWV was frequently detected from green pepper fruits until they rotted. F. occidentalis primarily inhabited and reproduced on the green pepper fruits and moved to Lamium amplexicaule when the fruits rotted and subsequently spread to other weed species as young shoots or flowers appeared. The flying activity level of F. occidentalis rose in late February, and viruliferous F. occidentalis transmitted TSWV to green pepper plants. We concluded that TSWV-infected green pepper fruits discarded in greenhouses and fields are the major source of infection.
