Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

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William Guido - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • organization of the dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus in the mouse
    Visual Neuroscience, 2017
    Co-Authors: Daniel Kerschensteiner, William Guido
    Abstract:

    The dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus is the principal conduit for visual information from retina to visual cortex. Viewed initially as a simple relay, recent studies in the mouse reveal far greater complexity in the way input from the retina is combined, transmitted, and processed in dLGN. Here we consider the structural and functional organization of the mouse retinoGeniculate pathway by examining the patterns of retinal projections to dLGN and how they converge onto thalamocortical neurons to shape the flow of visual information to visual cortex.

  • Nature of Inhibitory Postsynaptic Activity in Developing Relay Cells of the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
    Journal of Neurophysiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Jokūbas Z̆iburkus, Fu-sun Lo, William Guido
    Abstract:

    Using intracellular recordings in an isolated (in vitro) brain stem preparation, we examined the inhibitory postsynaptic responses of developing neurons in the dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LG...

  • Evidence that cholinergic axons from the parabrachial region of the brainstem are the exclusive source of nitric oxide in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the cat
    The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 1993
    Co-Authors: M. E. Bickford, William Guido, A. E. Gunluk, S. Murray Sherman
    Abstract:

    We investigated the source of axons and terminals in the cat's Lateral Geniculate Nucleus that stain positively for NADPH-diaphorase. The functional significance of such staining is that NADPH-diaphorase is identical to the enzyme nitric oxide synthetase, and thus it is though to reveal cells and axons that use nitric oxide as a neuromodulator. Within the Lateral Geniculate and adjacent periGeniculate nuclei, a dense network of axons and terminals is labeled for NADPH-diaphorase, The pattern of NADPH-diaphorase staining here is remarkably similar to that of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) staining, suggesting that the source of these axons and terminals might be the parabrachial region of the brainstem because this provides the major cholinergic input to the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus. In other areas of the brain to which parabrachial axons project, there is also a similar staining pattern for NADPH-diaphorase and ChAT. Furthermore, the patterns of cell staining within the parabracial region for NADPH-diaphorase and ChAT are virtually identical. However, the relationship between ChAT and NADPH-diaphorase staining for the parabrachial region is not a general property of cholinergic neurons. Other cholinergic cells and axons, such as the trochlear nerve, the oculomotor nerve and Nucleus, and the parabigeminal Nucleus, which all label densely for ChAT, stain poorly or not at all for NADPH-diaphorase. It is significant that the parabigeminal Nucleus, which provides a cholinergic input to the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, has no cells that label for NADPH-diaphorase. We used double labeling methods to identify further the source of NADPH-diaphorase staining in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus. We found that parabrachial cells co-localize NADPH-diaphorase and ChAT. Noradrenergic and serotoninergic cells in the brainstem also innervate the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, but we found that none of these co-localize NADPH-diaphorase. Finally, by combining NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry with retrograde labeling of cells that project to the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, we found that the cholinergic cells of the parabrachial region are essentially the sole source of NADPH-diaphorase in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus. We thus conclude that cells from the parabrachial region that innervate the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus use both acetylcholine and nitric oxide for neurotransmission, and that this is virtually the only afferent input to this region that uses nitric oxide. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Ian Thompson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Allen L Humphrey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Daniel Kerschensteiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • organization of the dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus in the mouse
    Visual Neuroscience, 2017
    Co-Authors: Daniel Kerschensteiner, William Guido
    Abstract:

    The dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus is the principal conduit for visual information from retina to visual cortex. Viewed initially as a simple relay, recent studies in the mouse reveal far greater complexity in the way input from the retina is combined, transmitted, and processed in dLGN. Here we consider the structural and functional organization of the mouse retinoGeniculate pathway by examining the patterns of retinal projections to dLGN and how they converge onto thalamocortical neurons to shape the flow of visual information to visual cortex.

Matthew S Grubb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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