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Lee-ann Bradley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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holocene earthquakes and right Lateral Slip on the left Lateral darrington devils mountain fault zone northern puget sound washington
Geosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Stephen F. Personius, Richard W. Briggs, Alan R. Nelson, Elizabeth R. Schermer, Brian L. Sherrod, Sarah A. Spaulding, Zebulon J Maharrey, Lee-ann BradleyAbstract:Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a Laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-Lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net Slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-Lateral sense of Slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-Lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-Lateral oblique Slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-Lateral oblique sense of Slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this Slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-Lateral Slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
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Holocene earthquakes and right-Lateral Slip on the left-Lateral Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington
Geosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Stephen F. Personius, Richard W. Briggs, Alan R. Nelson, Elizabeth R. Schermer, J. Zebulon Maharrey, Brian L. Sherrod, Sarah A. Spaulding, Lee-ann BradleyAbstract:Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a Laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-Lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net Slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-Lateral sense of Slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-Lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-Lateral oblique Slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-Lateral oblique sense of Slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this Slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-Lateral Slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
Stephen F. Personius - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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holocene earthquakes and right Lateral Slip on the left Lateral darrington devils mountain fault zone northern puget sound washington
Geosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Stephen F. Personius, Richard W. Briggs, Alan R. Nelson, Elizabeth R. Schermer, Brian L. Sherrod, Sarah A. Spaulding, Zebulon J Maharrey, Lee-ann BradleyAbstract:Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a Laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-Lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net Slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-Lateral sense of Slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-Lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-Lateral oblique Slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-Lateral oblique sense of Slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this Slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-Lateral Slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
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Holocene earthquakes and right-Lateral Slip on the left-Lateral Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington
Geosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Stephen F. Personius, Richard W. Briggs, Alan R. Nelson, Elizabeth R. Schermer, J. Zebulon Maharrey, Brian L. Sherrod, Sarah A. Spaulding, Lee-ann BradleyAbstract:Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a Laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-Lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net Slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-Lateral sense of Slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-Lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-Lateral oblique Slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-Lateral oblique sense of Slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this Slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-Lateral Slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
Jonah H. Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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statistical modeling and comparison with experimental data of tire soil interaction for combined longitudinal and Lateral Slip
Journal of Terramechanics, 2015Co-Authors: Jonah H. LeeAbstract:Abstract The interaction of a tire with a soft terrain has multiple sources of uncertainties such as the mechanical properties of the terrain, and the interfacial properties between the tire and the terrain. These uncertainties are best characterized using statistical methods such as the development of stochastic models of tire–soil interaction. The quality of the models can be assessed via statistical validation measures or metrics. Although validation of stochastic tire–soil interaction models has recently been reported with good results, it involves longitudinal Slip only without considering Lateral Slip which can occur simultaneously with longitudinal motion. This paper presents results of the validation of a simple stochastic tire–soil interaction model for the more complicated case of combined Slip. The statistical methods used for validation include the development of a Gaussian process metamodel, the calibration of model parameters using the approach of the maximum likelihood estimate in conjunction with new test data. The validation of the calibrated model, when compared with test data, is obtained using four validation metrics with good results.
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Statistical modeling and comparison with experimental data of tire–soil interaction for combined longitudinal and Lateral Slip
Journal of Terramechanics, 2015Co-Authors: Jonah H. LeeAbstract:Abstract The interaction of a tire with a soft terrain has multiple sources of uncertainties such as the mechanical properties of the terrain, and the interfacial properties between the tire and the terrain. These uncertainties are best characterized using statistical methods such as the development of stochastic models of tire–soil interaction. The quality of the models can be assessed via statistical validation measures or metrics. Although validation of stochastic tire–soil interaction models has recently been reported with good results, it involves longitudinal Slip only without considering Lateral Slip which can occur simultaneously with longitudinal motion. This paper presents results of the validation of a simple stochastic tire–soil interaction model for the more complicated case of combined Slip. The statistical methods used for validation include the development of a Gaussian process metamodel, the calibration of model parameters using the approach of the maximum likelihood estimate in conjunction with new test data. The validation of the calibrated model, when compared with test data, is obtained using four validation metrics with good results.
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vehicle snow interaction testing modeling and validation for combined longitudinal and Lateral Slip
Journal of Terramechanics, 2014Co-Authors: Jonah H. Lee, Daisy HuangAbstract:Abstract General operations of a vehicle involve simultaneous Slip in the longitudinal and Lateral directions, the combination of which is much more complicated than purely longitudinal or Lateral motions. During vehicle–snow interactions, additional complexities arise due to uncertainties of snow material properties and of interfacial properties between the tire and snow, calling for the stochastic modeling of the interactions to validate the model. For validation, a statistical framework was formed with several components: a deterministic, physically-based tire–snow interaction model, a stochastic metamodel based on the physical model, a statistical model for calibration, prediction using the models, validation metrics, and new test data using an instrumented vehicle. The longitudinal and Lateral drawbar pulls, and the torque and overturning moment, were used simultaneously to calibrate model parameters for a front and a rear tire. Four local and global validation metrics and extensive summary statistics were used to assess the quality of the models, with good results.
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Vehicle–snow interaction: Testing, modeling and validation for combined longitudinal and Lateral Slip
Journal of Terramechanics, 2014Co-Authors: Jonah H. Lee, Daisy HuangAbstract:Abstract General operations of a vehicle involve simultaneous Slip in the longitudinal and Lateral directions, the combination of which is much more complicated than purely longitudinal or Lateral motions. During vehicle–snow interactions, additional complexities arise due to uncertainties of snow material properties and of interfacial properties between the tire and snow, calling for the stochastic modeling of the interactions to validate the model. For validation, a statistical framework was formed with several components: a deterministic, physically-based tire–snow interaction model, a stochastic metamodel based on the physical model, a statistical model for calibration, prediction using the models, validation metrics, and new test data using an instrumented vehicle. The longitudinal and Lateral drawbar pulls, and the torque and overturning moment, were used simultaneously to calibrate model parameters for a front and a rear tire. Four local and global validation metrics and extensive summary statistics were used to assess the quality of the models, with good results.
Richard W. Briggs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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holocene earthquakes and right Lateral Slip on the left Lateral darrington devils mountain fault zone northern puget sound washington
Geosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Stephen F. Personius, Richard W. Briggs, Alan R. Nelson, Elizabeth R. Schermer, Brian L. Sherrod, Sarah A. Spaulding, Zebulon J Maharrey, Lee-ann BradleyAbstract:Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a Laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-Lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net Slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-Lateral sense of Slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-Lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-Lateral oblique Slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-Lateral oblique sense of Slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this Slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-Lateral Slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
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Holocene earthquakes and right-Lateral Slip on the left-Lateral Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington
Geosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Stephen F. Personius, Richard W. Briggs, Alan R. Nelson, Elizabeth R. Schermer, J. Zebulon Maharrey, Brian L. Sherrod, Sarah A. Spaulding, Lee-ann BradleyAbstract:Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a Laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-Lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net Slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-Lateral sense of Slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-Lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-Lateral oblique Slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-Lateral oblique sense of Slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this Slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-Lateral Slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
Zebulon J Maharrey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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holocene earthquakes and right Lateral Slip on the left Lateral darrington devils mountain fault zone northern puget sound washington
Geosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Stephen F. Personius, Richard W. Briggs, Alan R. Nelson, Elizabeth R. Schermer, Brian L. Sherrod, Sarah A. Spaulding, Zebulon J Maharrey, Lee-ann BradleyAbstract:Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a Laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-Lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net Slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-Lateral sense of Slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-Lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-Lateral oblique Slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-Lateral oblique sense of Slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this Slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-Lateral Slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
