The Experts below are selected from a list of 2445 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Euan R. Tovey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effectiveness of benzyl benzoate and some essential plant oils as Laundry additives for killing house dust mites
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1993Co-Authors: Lindy G Mcdonald, Euan R. ToveyAbstract:Both bedding and clothing may contain high populations of pyroglyphidae mites. High levels of exposure to mite allergens has been causally associated with increased asthma severity,’ and reducing such exposure is advocated as an important component of asthma management. Washing clothing and bedding in warm water removes most accumulated allergen but has little effect on mite populations.’ Effective long-term allergen control requires additional killing of mites. This only occurs at water temperatures higher than 55” C, a temperature not achieved in many domestic Laundry systems nor encouraged by the common use of cold-water detergents. In addition, some fibers shrink or are damaged at these temperatures. There are no specifically acaricidal Laundry Products available, though we have previously shown that one containing eucalyptus oil reduced mite survival, whereas other Products enhanced survival.’ We have tested low concentrations of a common acaricide, benzyl benzoate and five essential oils for their ability to kill mites under conditions that simulate those occurring during warm-water laundering.
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the role of water temperature and Laundry procedures in reducing house dust mite populations and allergen content of bedding
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1992Co-Authors: Lindy G Mcdonald, Euan R. ToveyAbstract:The effects of various Laundry procedures on house dust mites and their allergens have been established. All mites were killed by water temperatures 55 degrees C or greater. Killing at lower temperatures was not enhanced by any of the pure detergents or Laundry Products tested. A cold cycle of Laundry washing with or without Laundry powder did not remove most live mites from bedding, however, the allergen concentration (Der p I/gm fine dust) was reduced by more than 90%. Dry cleaning did not reduce the allergen concentration of the dust, although most, if not all, mites were killed.
Lindy G Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effectiveness of benzyl benzoate and some essential plant oils as Laundry additives for killing house dust mites
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1993Co-Authors: Lindy G Mcdonald, Euan R. ToveyAbstract:Both bedding and clothing may contain high populations of pyroglyphidae mites. High levels of exposure to mite allergens has been causally associated with increased asthma severity,’ and reducing such exposure is advocated as an important component of asthma management. Washing clothing and bedding in warm water removes most accumulated allergen but has little effect on mite populations.’ Effective long-term allergen control requires additional killing of mites. This only occurs at water temperatures higher than 55” C, a temperature not achieved in many domestic Laundry systems nor encouraged by the common use of cold-water detergents. In addition, some fibers shrink or are damaged at these temperatures. There are no specifically acaricidal Laundry Products available, though we have previously shown that one containing eucalyptus oil reduced mite survival, whereas other Products enhanced survival.’ We have tested low concentrations of a common acaricide, benzyl benzoate and five essential oils for their ability to kill mites under conditions that simulate those occurring during warm-water laundering.
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the role of water temperature and Laundry procedures in reducing house dust mite populations and allergen content of bedding
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1992Co-Authors: Lindy G Mcdonald, Euan R. ToveyAbstract:The effects of various Laundry procedures on house dust mites and their allergens have been established. All mites were killed by water temperatures 55 degrees C or greater. Killing at lower temperatures was not enhanced by any of the pure detergents or Laundry Products tested. A cold cycle of Laundry washing with or without Laundry powder did not remove most live mites from bedding, however, the allergen concentration (Der p I/gm fine dust) was reduced by more than 90%. Dry cleaning did not reduce the allergen concentration of the dust, although most, if not all, mites were killed.
Anne Steinemann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fragranced Laundry Products and emissions from dryer vents: implications for air quality and health
Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, 2020Co-Authors: Nigel Goodman, Neda Nematollahi, Anne SteinemannAbstract:Fragranced Laundry Products emit numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including terpenes such as limonene. Fragrance emissions have been associated with adverse health effects such as asthma attacks and breathing difficulties. Further, fragrance terpenes are primary indoor air pollutants that can react with other compounds and contribute to both indoor and outdoor air pollution. This paper examines volatile emissions and exposures from fragranced Laundry Products, and the implications for air quality and health. The paper synthesizes and analyzes data from studies conducted across the United States (US) and Australia (AU), providing results in three main themes: adverse health effects associated with exposure to fragranced Laundry Products, volatile emissions from fragranced and fragrance-free Laundry Products, and reductions in VOC emissions by switching from fragranced to fragrance-free Products. Across the US and AU, 12.5% and 6.1% of the general population and 28.9% and 12.1% of asthmatics report health problems (respectively) when exposed to scented Laundry Products coming from a dryer vent. Among the volatile emissions from Products, terpenes were the most prevalent VOCs detected in all fragranced Laundry Products; however, terpenes were absent in all fragrance-free Products. By switching from fragranced to fragrance-free Laundry Products, dryer vent emissions of limonene can be reduced up to 99.7%. As context for significance, switching from fragranced to fragrance-free Laundry detergent could reduce limonene emissions from dryer vents per household by an estimated 1.68 g/year. For the study area of metropolitan Melbourne, this represents a reduction in limonene emissions by an estimated 1.58 tons/year. Results from these analyses point to a promising way to reduce emissions and exposures to volatile compounds, and create potential improvements for air quality and health.
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Migraine headaches and fragranced consumer Products: an international population-based study
Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, 2020Co-Authors: Anne Steinemann, Neda NematollahiAbstract:Fragranced consumer Products, such as air fresheners and cleaning supplies, have been associated with health problems including migraine headaches. This study investigates the prevalence of migraines associated with exposure to fragranced Products. Nationally representative population surveys ( n = 4435) across four countries—the United States (US), Australia (AU), the United Kingdom (UK), and Sweden (SE)—found that, on average, 12.6% of adults report migraine headaches when exposed to fragranced Products (15.7% US, 10.0% AU, 8.4% UK, 16.1% SE). Among those individuals, 43.2% report migraines from air fresheners or deodorizers, 15.0% from the scent of Laundry Products coming from a dryer vent, 39.9% from being in a room cleaned with scented Products, 53.7% from being near someone wearing a fragranced product, and 45.7% from other types of fragranced Products. Furthermore, 30.6% of these individuals have lost workdays or lost a job, in the past year, due to fragranced product exposure in the workplace. Findings from this study indicate that migraine headaches can be associated with fragranced consumer Products, and that reducing exposure could reduce adverse health and societal effects.
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Exposures and effects from fragranced consumer Products in Germany
Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, 2019Co-Authors: Anne Steinemann, Ursula KlaschkaAbstract:Fragranced consumer Products—such as cleaning supplies, Laundry Products, perfumes, and air fresheners—have been associated with adverse human health effects and subsequent impacts in society. This study investigates effects associated with exposures to fragranced consumer Products in Germany. Using a nationally representative population-based sample ( n = 1102), data were collected in March 2019 using an online survey of adults in Germany. The study found that, across the German population, 19.9% report health problems, such as respiratory problems (55.3%), migraine headaches (25.1%), and asthma attacks (16.9%), when exposed to fragranced Products. Of these reports of health effects, 33.8% could be considered potentially disabling. Further, 5.5% of the population have lost workdays or a job, in the past year, due to exposure to fragranced Products in the workplace. A majority of Germans would prefer that workplaces, health care facilities and professionals, airplanes, and hotels were fragrance-free rather than fragranced. Results from this study provide new evidence that exposures to fragranced consumer Products are associated with adverse health and societal effects among the German population, and that reducing exposures such as through fragrance-free policies could provide benefits.
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Volatile chemical emissions from 134 common consumer Products
Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, 2019Co-Authors: Neda Nematollahi, Spas D. Kolev, Anne SteinemannAbstract:Emissions from everyday consumer Products have been associated with adverse effects on air quality and health. This study investigates volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from 134 common consumer Products, both fragranced and fragrance-free, including those with claims of green. Product types include personal care Products, air fresheners, cleaning supplies, Laundry Products, and sunscreens. Using GC/MS headspace analysis, this study found 1538 VOC occurrences (individual ingredients), representing 338 VOC identities (different compounds), emitted from the 134 consumer Products. Among the 1538 VOCs, 517 VOCs are classified as potentially hazardous. The most common VOC emitted from the 104 fragranced Products was limonene, which was absent in fragrance-free versions. Comparing the green and regular fragranced Products, no significant difference was found between the most prevalent potentially hazardous VOCs. Among all volatile ingredients emitted, fewer than 4% were listed on product labels. This study provides extensive findings on volatile emissions from consumer Products, which can improve awareness of potential exposures and effects on air quality and health.
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Fragranced consumer Products and effects on asthmatics: an international population-based study
Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, 2019Co-Authors: Anne Steinemann, Nigel GoodmanAbstract:Asthma is an international concern, with risks linked to air pollutants. Fragranced consumer Products, such as air fresheners and cleaning supplies, have been associated with health problems such as asthma attacks and breathing difficulties. This study investigates the health and societal effects of fragranced Products on asthmatics in four countries: United States, Australia, United Kingdom, and Sweden. Nationally representative population surveys ( n = 1137; 1098; 1100; 1100) found that, across the four countries, 26.0% of adults ( n = 1151) are asthmatic, reporting medically diagnosed asthma (15.8%), an asthma-like condition (11.1%), or both. Among these asthmatics, 57.8% report adverse health effects, including asthma attacks (25.0%), respiratory problems (37.7%), and migraine headaches (22.6%), from exposure to fragranced Products. In particular, 36.7% of asthmatics report health problems from air fresheners or deodorizers, 18.1% from the scent of Laundry Products coming from a dryer vent, 32.9% from being in a room cleaned with scented Products, 38.7% from being near someone wearing a fragranced product, and 37.5% from other types of fragranced Products. For 24.1% of asthmatics, health problems from fragranced Products are potentially disabling. Further, 20.6% of asthmatics have lost workdays or lost a job, in the past year, due to fragranced product exposure in the workplace. Fragrance-free environments received widespread support. More than twice as many individuals, both asthmatics as well as non-asthmatics, would prefer that workplaces, health care facilities and professionals, airplanes, and hotels were fragrance-free rather than fragranced. This study provides evidence that asthmatics can be profoundly, adversely, and disproportionately affected by exposure to fragranced consumer Products. Moreover, the study points to a relatively straightforward and cost-effective approach to reduce risks; namely, to reduce exposure to fragranced Products.
Masahiro Sakaguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of bleach activator sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate on house dust mites dermatophagoides farinae
Journal of Oleo Science, 2010Co-Authors: Seiichi Tobe, Hiroki Kamezaki, Toshiyuki Watanabe, Hiromitsu Takaoka, Masahiro SakaguchiAbstract:House dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae) in bedding and clothes are a major allergen. However, house dust mites cannot be killed by general washing conditions under 50°C. Therefore, low-temperature washing conditions must be improved to eliminate house dust mites. Sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) is a bleach activator that is used to intensify the bleaching effects of some Laundry Products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of OBS on the elimination of house dust mites in low-temperature washing conditions. D. farinae was soaked in solutions containing different types of OBS for various durations and at various temperatures. The miticidal effects of the various washing conditions were also evaluated for D. farinae. Then sodium lauroyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS-12) produced the highest D. farinae mortality rate among the OBS solutions that were examined and had a stronger miticidal effect than available chlorine under general washing conditions. OBS exhibited miticidal effects under general washing conditions at low temperatures. Since OBS is already used as an additive in some Laundry Products to increase the bleaching activity, OBS can be easily used to kill house dust mites under general washing conditions.
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effects of bleach activator sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate on house dust mites dermatophagoides farinae
Journal of Oleo Science, 2010Co-Authors: Seiichi Tobe, Hiroki Kamezaki, Toshiyuki Watanabe, Hiromitsu Takaoka, Masahiro SakaguchiAbstract:House dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae) in bedding and clothes are a major allergen. However, house dust mites cannot be killed by general washing conditions under 50 degrees C. Therefore, low-temperature washing conditions must be improved to eliminate house dust mites. Sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) is a bleach activator that is used to intensify the bleaching effects of some Laundry Products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of OBS on the elimination of house dust mites in low-temperature washing conditions. D. farinae was soaked in solutions containing different types of OBS for various durations and at various temperatures. The miticidal effects of the various washing conditions were also evaluated for D. farinae. Then sodium lauroyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS-12) produced the highest D. farinae mortality rate among the OBS solutions that were examined and had a stronger miticidal effect than available chlorine under general washing conditions. OBS exhibited miticidal effects under general washing conditions at low temperatures. Since OBS is already used as an additive in some Laundry Products to increase the bleaching activity, OBS can be easily used to kill house dust mites under general washing conditions.
Seiichi Tobe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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virucidal effects of bleach activators sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate and acyloxybenzoic acid against feline calicivirus
Journal of Oleo Science, 2012Co-Authors: Seiichi Tobe, Hiromitsu Takaoka, Marika Hoshi, Kinue Iizuka, Hirohiko Tadenuma, Tomoe Komoriya, Hideki KohnoAbstract:Noroviruses (NVs) are major causative pathogens of gastroenteritis. The disinfection of contaminated clothing during common household washing is desirable. The virucidal effects of 2 bleach activators, sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) and alkyl acyloxybenzoic acid (OBC), were studied using Feline calicivirus (FCV) as a surrogate for NVs. FCV was added to solutions containing either OBS or OBC and sodium percarbonate at various temperatures and for varying lengths of time. OBS and OBC, which generate long carbon chain peroxy acids, enhanced the virucidal effect of sodium percarbonate (PC). In particular, sodium lauroyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS-12) and decanoyloxybenzoic acid (OBC-10) showed superior virucidal effects. Although the virucidal effect of 38-200 mg/L OBS-12 was maintained with 2-5% (v/v) horse serum, there was less of an effect with the same concentration of available chlorine. OBS and OBC have been used as ingredients in some Laundry Products to increase bleaching activity. It is expected that the use of OBS and OBC is also effective for the inactivation of NVs under common household washing conditions.
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effects of bleach activator sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate on house dust mites dermatophagoides farinae
Journal of Oleo Science, 2010Co-Authors: Seiichi Tobe, Hiroki Kamezaki, Toshiyuki Watanabe, Hiromitsu Takaoka, Masahiro SakaguchiAbstract:House dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae) in bedding and clothes are a major allergen. However, house dust mites cannot be killed by general washing conditions under 50°C. Therefore, low-temperature washing conditions must be improved to eliminate house dust mites. Sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) is a bleach activator that is used to intensify the bleaching effects of some Laundry Products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of OBS on the elimination of house dust mites in low-temperature washing conditions. D. farinae was soaked in solutions containing different types of OBS for various durations and at various temperatures. The miticidal effects of the various washing conditions were also evaluated for D. farinae. Then sodium lauroyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS-12) produced the highest D. farinae mortality rate among the OBS solutions that were examined and had a stronger miticidal effect than available chlorine under general washing conditions. OBS exhibited miticidal effects under general washing conditions at low temperatures. Since OBS is already used as an additive in some Laundry Products to increase the bleaching activity, OBS can be easily used to kill house dust mites under general washing conditions.
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effects of bleach activator sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate on house dust mites dermatophagoides farinae
Journal of Oleo Science, 2010Co-Authors: Seiichi Tobe, Hiroki Kamezaki, Toshiyuki Watanabe, Hiromitsu Takaoka, Masahiro SakaguchiAbstract:House dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae) in bedding and clothes are a major allergen. However, house dust mites cannot be killed by general washing conditions under 50 degrees C. Therefore, low-temperature washing conditions must be improved to eliminate house dust mites. Sodium alkyl acyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) is a bleach activator that is used to intensify the bleaching effects of some Laundry Products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of OBS on the elimination of house dust mites in low-temperature washing conditions. D. farinae was soaked in solutions containing different types of OBS for various durations and at various temperatures. The miticidal effects of the various washing conditions were also evaluated for D. farinae. Then sodium lauroyloxybenzene sulfonate (OBS-12) produced the highest D. farinae mortality rate among the OBS solutions that were examined and had a stronger miticidal effect than available chlorine under general washing conditions. OBS exhibited miticidal effects under general washing conditions at low temperatures. Since OBS is already used as an additive in some Laundry Products to increase the bleaching activity, OBS can be easily used to kill house dust mites under general washing conditions.