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Frederick S. Davies - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Floodwater Oxygen Content, Ethylene Production and Lenticel Hypertrophy in Flooded Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Trees
Journal of Experimental Botany, 1993Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:A system was developed to test the effects of floodwater 02 concentration on ethylene evolution and stem Lenticel hypertrophy, and the effects of exogenous ethylene on stem Lenticel hypertrophy in mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees. Dissolved 02 concentrations of 1-7 x 10~9 m3 m~3 generally resulted in hypertrophy of stem Lenticels within about 6 d of flooding, whereas floodwater 02 concentrations of 13-15 x 10 9 m3 m 3 delayed hypertrophy until about day 9. After 14 d of flooding, there were more than twice the number of hypertrophied Lenticels per tree with floodwater 02 concentrations of 1-7 x 10"9 m3 m~3 than with floodwater 02 concentrations of 15 x 10 9 m3 m~3. Ethylene evolution from stem tissue immediately above the floodline increased 4- to 8-fold in trees exposed to floodwater 02 concentrations of 1-2 x 10~9 m3 in 3. increased 2-fold for trees exposed to floodwater 02 concentrations of 6-7 x 10~9 m3 m~3, but remained constant with floodwater 02 concentrations of 13-15 x 10~9 m3 m~3. Plants maintained in highly oxygenated floodwater (13-15 x 10"9 m3 m~3), and given exogenous ethylene developed many hypertrophied Lenticels, whereas plants in highly oxygenated water and not given ethylene developed fewer or no hypertrophied Lenticels. These data suggest that ethylene plays a role in promotion of stem Lenticel hypertrophy in flooded mango trees, and that floodwater dissolved oxygen concentration can regulate stem Lenticel hypertrophy and ethylene evolution in this species.
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FLOODWATER OXYGEN CONTENT, ETHYLENE PRODUCTION AND Lenticel HYPERTROPHY IN FLOODED MANGO TREES
HortScience, 1992Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:The influence of floodwater dissolved O2 content on stem Lenticel hypertrophy and endogenous ethylene evolution from mango trees, and the influence of exogenous ethylene on mango stem Lenticel hypertrophy was examined. In general, floodwater O2 contents of 1-7 ppm resulted in Lenticel hypertrophy within about 6 days of flooding, whereas floodwater O2 contents of 15 ppm delayed hypertrophy until about day 9. After 14 days of flooding, there were more than twice the number of hypertrophied Lenticels per tree with floodwater O2 contents of 1-7 ppm than with O2 contents of 15 ppm. Ethylene evolution from aerobic stem tissue increased 4- to 8-fold in trees exposed to floodwater with 1-2 ppm O2, increased 2-fold for trees exposed to 6-7 ppm O2, but remained constant with 15 ppm floodwater dissolved O2 content. During a 10-day flooding period, trees in floodwater with 15 ppm dissolved O2 content, and given exogenous ethylene, developed extensive stem Lenticel hypertrophy, whereas no hypertrophy developed on stems of trees receiving no exogenous ethylene and maintained in floodwater with 15 ppm O2. These data suggest that ethylene plays a role in promoting stem Lenticel hypertrophy in flooded mango trees.
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FLOODWATER TEMPERATURE AND STEM Lenticel HYPERTROPHY IN MANGIFERA INDICA (ANACARDIACEAE)
American Journal of Botany, 1991Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Frederick S. Davies, Bruce SchafferAbstract:One-year-old seedling trees of Mangifera indica L. cv. Peach were exposed to floodwater temperatures of 15, 22.5, or 30 C for at least 13 days. Immediately prior to flooding, and at daily intervals thereafter, trees were visually examined for evidence of Lenticel hypertrophy. Although Lenticel hypertrophy was first apparent after 5 days of submergence at 30 C, and after 6 days at 22.5 C, the mean number of days of flooding until Lenticel hypertrophy was first observed was 6.6 and 8.1 for the 30 and 22.5 C treatments, respectively. Even after 28 days, Lenticel hypertrophy did not occur on plants flooded at 15 C. Initial stages of Lenticel hypertrophy were characterized by development of intercellular spaces in the phellem and production of additional phellem tissue by increased phellogen activity. Later stages of hypertrophy were characterized by development of intercellular spaces in the phellem and cortex. Tree survival was not affected by floodwater temperature or Lenticel hypertrophy.
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Lenticel HYPERTROPHY OF FLOODED MANGO TREES
HortScience, 1990Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:One-year-old potted `Peach' mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees were flooded at soil temperatures of 15, 22.5 or 30°C. Hypertrophied Lenticels were observed after 5-6 days at 30°C and 6-8 days at 22.5°C, but were not observed after 30 days at 15°C. Cells of hypertrophied Lenticels were more spherical and randomly arranged than those of nonhypertrophied Lenticels, resulting in increased intercellular airspace. Lenticel hypertrophy also occurred on sterns of trees which were kept moist from intermittant misting, and on excised and intact stem sections. Therefore, formation of hypertrophied Lenticels in mango occurs independently of root anaerobiosis and is dependent on floodwater temperature.
Kirk D. Larson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Floodwater Oxygen Content, Ethylene Production and Lenticel Hypertrophy in Flooded Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Trees
Journal of Experimental Botany, 1993Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:A system was developed to test the effects of floodwater 02 concentration on ethylene evolution and stem Lenticel hypertrophy, and the effects of exogenous ethylene on stem Lenticel hypertrophy in mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees. Dissolved 02 concentrations of 1-7 x 10~9 m3 m~3 generally resulted in hypertrophy of stem Lenticels within about 6 d of flooding, whereas floodwater 02 concentrations of 13-15 x 10 9 m3 m 3 delayed hypertrophy until about day 9. After 14 d of flooding, there were more than twice the number of hypertrophied Lenticels per tree with floodwater 02 concentrations of 1-7 x 10"9 m3 m~3 than with floodwater 02 concentrations of 15 x 10 9 m3 m~3. Ethylene evolution from stem tissue immediately above the floodline increased 4- to 8-fold in trees exposed to floodwater 02 concentrations of 1-2 x 10~9 m3 in 3. increased 2-fold for trees exposed to floodwater 02 concentrations of 6-7 x 10~9 m3 m~3, but remained constant with floodwater 02 concentrations of 13-15 x 10~9 m3 m~3. Plants maintained in highly oxygenated floodwater (13-15 x 10"9 m3 m~3), and given exogenous ethylene developed many hypertrophied Lenticels, whereas plants in highly oxygenated water and not given ethylene developed fewer or no hypertrophied Lenticels. These data suggest that ethylene plays a role in promotion of stem Lenticel hypertrophy in flooded mango trees, and that floodwater dissolved oxygen concentration can regulate stem Lenticel hypertrophy and ethylene evolution in this species.
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FLOODWATER OXYGEN CONTENT, ETHYLENE PRODUCTION AND Lenticel HYPERTROPHY IN FLOODED MANGO TREES
HortScience, 1992Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:The influence of floodwater dissolved O2 content on stem Lenticel hypertrophy and endogenous ethylene evolution from mango trees, and the influence of exogenous ethylene on mango stem Lenticel hypertrophy was examined. In general, floodwater O2 contents of 1-7 ppm resulted in Lenticel hypertrophy within about 6 days of flooding, whereas floodwater O2 contents of 15 ppm delayed hypertrophy until about day 9. After 14 days of flooding, there were more than twice the number of hypertrophied Lenticels per tree with floodwater O2 contents of 1-7 ppm than with O2 contents of 15 ppm. Ethylene evolution from aerobic stem tissue increased 4- to 8-fold in trees exposed to floodwater with 1-2 ppm O2, increased 2-fold for trees exposed to 6-7 ppm O2, but remained constant with 15 ppm floodwater dissolved O2 content. During a 10-day flooding period, trees in floodwater with 15 ppm dissolved O2 content, and given exogenous ethylene, developed extensive stem Lenticel hypertrophy, whereas no hypertrophy developed on stems of trees receiving no exogenous ethylene and maintained in floodwater with 15 ppm O2. These data suggest that ethylene plays a role in promoting stem Lenticel hypertrophy in flooded mango trees.
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FLOODWATER TEMPERATURE AND STEM Lenticel HYPERTROPHY IN MANGIFERA INDICA (ANACARDIACEAE)
American Journal of Botany, 1991Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Frederick S. Davies, Bruce SchafferAbstract:One-year-old seedling trees of Mangifera indica L. cv. Peach were exposed to floodwater temperatures of 15, 22.5, or 30 C for at least 13 days. Immediately prior to flooding, and at daily intervals thereafter, trees were visually examined for evidence of Lenticel hypertrophy. Although Lenticel hypertrophy was first apparent after 5 days of submergence at 30 C, and after 6 days at 22.5 C, the mean number of days of flooding until Lenticel hypertrophy was first observed was 6.6 and 8.1 for the 30 and 22.5 C treatments, respectively. Even after 28 days, Lenticel hypertrophy did not occur on plants flooded at 15 C. Initial stages of Lenticel hypertrophy were characterized by development of intercellular spaces in the phellem and production of additional phellem tissue by increased phellogen activity. Later stages of hypertrophy were characterized by development of intercellular spaces in the phellem and cortex. Tree survival was not affected by floodwater temperature or Lenticel hypertrophy.
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Lenticel HYPERTROPHY OF FLOODED MANGO TREES
HortScience, 1990Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:One-year-old potted `Peach' mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees were flooded at soil temperatures of 15, 22.5 or 30°C. Hypertrophied Lenticels were observed after 5-6 days at 30°C and 6-8 days at 22.5°C, but were not observed after 30 days at 15°C. Cells of hypertrophied Lenticels were more spherical and randomly arranged than those of nonhypertrophied Lenticels, resulting in increased intercellular airspace. Lenticel hypertrophy also occurred on sterns of trees which were kept moist from intermittant misting, and on excised and intact stem sections. Therefore, formation of hypertrophied Lenticels in mango occurs independently of root anaerobiosis and is dependent on floodwater temperature.
Bruce Schaffer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Floodwater Oxygen Content, Ethylene Production and Lenticel Hypertrophy in Flooded Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Trees
Journal of Experimental Botany, 1993Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:A system was developed to test the effects of floodwater 02 concentration on ethylene evolution and stem Lenticel hypertrophy, and the effects of exogenous ethylene on stem Lenticel hypertrophy in mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees. Dissolved 02 concentrations of 1-7 x 10~9 m3 m~3 generally resulted in hypertrophy of stem Lenticels within about 6 d of flooding, whereas floodwater 02 concentrations of 13-15 x 10 9 m3 m 3 delayed hypertrophy until about day 9. After 14 d of flooding, there were more than twice the number of hypertrophied Lenticels per tree with floodwater 02 concentrations of 1-7 x 10"9 m3 m~3 than with floodwater 02 concentrations of 15 x 10 9 m3 m~3. Ethylene evolution from stem tissue immediately above the floodline increased 4- to 8-fold in trees exposed to floodwater 02 concentrations of 1-2 x 10~9 m3 in 3. increased 2-fold for trees exposed to floodwater 02 concentrations of 6-7 x 10~9 m3 m~3, but remained constant with floodwater 02 concentrations of 13-15 x 10~9 m3 m~3. Plants maintained in highly oxygenated floodwater (13-15 x 10"9 m3 m~3), and given exogenous ethylene developed many hypertrophied Lenticels, whereas plants in highly oxygenated water and not given ethylene developed fewer or no hypertrophied Lenticels. These data suggest that ethylene plays a role in promotion of stem Lenticel hypertrophy in flooded mango trees, and that floodwater dissolved oxygen concentration can regulate stem Lenticel hypertrophy and ethylene evolution in this species.
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FLOODWATER OXYGEN CONTENT, ETHYLENE PRODUCTION AND Lenticel HYPERTROPHY IN FLOODED MANGO TREES
HortScience, 1992Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:The influence of floodwater dissolved O2 content on stem Lenticel hypertrophy and endogenous ethylene evolution from mango trees, and the influence of exogenous ethylene on mango stem Lenticel hypertrophy was examined. In general, floodwater O2 contents of 1-7 ppm resulted in Lenticel hypertrophy within about 6 days of flooding, whereas floodwater O2 contents of 15 ppm delayed hypertrophy until about day 9. After 14 days of flooding, there were more than twice the number of hypertrophied Lenticels per tree with floodwater O2 contents of 1-7 ppm than with O2 contents of 15 ppm. Ethylene evolution from aerobic stem tissue increased 4- to 8-fold in trees exposed to floodwater with 1-2 ppm O2, increased 2-fold for trees exposed to 6-7 ppm O2, but remained constant with 15 ppm floodwater dissolved O2 content. During a 10-day flooding period, trees in floodwater with 15 ppm dissolved O2 content, and given exogenous ethylene, developed extensive stem Lenticel hypertrophy, whereas no hypertrophy developed on stems of trees receiving no exogenous ethylene and maintained in floodwater with 15 ppm O2. These data suggest that ethylene plays a role in promoting stem Lenticel hypertrophy in flooded mango trees.
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FLOODWATER TEMPERATURE AND STEM Lenticel HYPERTROPHY IN MANGIFERA INDICA (ANACARDIACEAE)
American Journal of Botany, 1991Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Frederick S. Davies, Bruce SchafferAbstract:One-year-old seedling trees of Mangifera indica L. cv. Peach were exposed to floodwater temperatures of 15, 22.5, or 30 C for at least 13 days. Immediately prior to flooding, and at daily intervals thereafter, trees were visually examined for evidence of Lenticel hypertrophy. Although Lenticel hypertrophy was first apparent after 5 days of submergence at 30 C, and after 6 days at 22.5 C, the mean number of days of flooding until Lenticel hypertrophy was first observed was 6.6 and 8.1 for the 30 and 22.5 C treatments, respectively. Even after 28 days, Lenticel hypertrophy did not occur on plants flooded at 15 C. Initial stages of Lenticel hypertrophy were characterized by development of intercellular spaces in the phellem and production of additional phellem tissue by increased phellogen activity. Later stages of hypertrophy were characterized by development of intercellular spaces in the phellem and cortex. Tree survival was not affected by floodwater temperature or Lenticel hypertrophy.
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Lenticel HYPERTROPHY OF FLOODED MANGO TREES
HortScience, 1990Co-Authors: Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffer, Frederick S. DaviesAbstract:One-year-old potted `Peach' mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees were flooded at soil temperatures of 15, 22.5 or 30°C. Hypertrophied Lenticels were observed after 5-6 days at 30°C and 6-8 days at 22.5°C, but were not observed after 30 days at 15°C. Cells of hypertrophied Lenticels were more spherical and randomly arranged than those of nonhypertrophied Lenticels, resulting in increased intercellular airspace. Lenticel hypertrophy also occurred on sterns of trees which were kept moist from intermittant misting, and on excised and intact stem sections. Therefore, formation of hypertrophied Lenticels in mango occurs independently of root anaerobiosis and is dependent on floodwater temperature.
D G Parbery - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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infection of potato by spongospora subterranea
Fungal Biology, 1991Co-Authors: G Diriwachter, D G ParberyAbstract:Evidence that potato tubers are susceptible to infection by Spongospora subterranea only during Lenticel formation and proliferation is presented and the capacity of apparently healthy tubers to carry low levels of inoculum is demonstrated. The significance to infection of the histological changes during the transformations of stomata to Lenticels is discussed.
Theodore M. Dejong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of leaf scar age, chilling and freezing-thawing on infection of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae through leaf scars and Lenticels in stone fruits
Fruits, 2013Co-Authors: Tiesen Cao, Bruce C. Kirkpatrick, Kenneth A. Shackel, Theodore M. DejongAbstract:Introduction . Bacterial canker, caused by P. syringae pv. syringae , is an important disease of stone fruit worldwide. The possibility of P. syringae pv. syringae infection through leaf scars and Lenticels was evaluated in cherry, peach and prune. Materials and methods . Laboratory and field inoculations were performed using cherry, peach and prune stems to evaluate leaf scar age, chilling and freezing-thawing on bacterial infection through leaf scars and Lenticels. Results and discussion . Increasing leaf scar age was associated with significant decreases in disease incidence and length of lesions resulting from leaf scar inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae in cherry, peach and prune. A significant reduction in incidence and lesion length was observed after 4 h of air exposure, and both measures of infection were reduced to essentially 0 by 2 days of exposure. Prolonged chilling temperature (2.2 °C) prior to leaf removal had no clear effect on disease incidence of leaf scar infection, but significantly decreased lesion length due to leaf scar infection. Cherry was more susceptible to P. syringae pv. syringae infection through leaf scars than peach and ‘French’ prune. The leaf scar inoculation results were consistent with the previous studies. The disease incidence of Lenticel infection caused by bacterial inoculation in ‘French’ prune was very low, but significantly higher than the water control. Freezing-thawing significantly increased both the disease incidence and the lesion size via Lenticel infection. The Lenticel inoculation data suggest that P. syringae pv. syringae infection through Lenticels is possible under field conditions.
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Effect of leaf scar age, chilling and freezing-thawing on infection of
EDP Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Tiesen Cao, Bruce C. Kirkpatrick, Kenneth A. Shackel, Theodore M. DejongAbstract:Introduction. Bacterial canker, caused by P. syringae pv. syringae, is an important disease of stone fruit worldwide. The possibility of P. syringae pv. syringae infection through leaf scars and Lenticels was evaluated in cherry, peach and prune. Materials and methods. Laboratory and field inoculations were performed using cherry, peach and prune stems to evaluate leaf scar age, chilling and freezing-thawing on bacterial infection through leaf scars and Lenticels. Results and discussion. Increasing leaf scar age was associated with significant decreases in disease incidence and length of lesions resulting from leaf scar inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae in cherry, peach and prune. A significant reduction in incidence and lesion length was observed after 4 h of air exposure, and both measures of infection were reduced to essentially 0 by 2 days of exposure. Prolonged chilling temperature (2.2 °C) prior to leaf removal had no clear effect on disease incidence of leaf scar infection, but significantly decreased lesion length due to leaf scar infection. Cherry was more susceptible to P. syringae pv. syringae infection through leaf scars than peach and ‘French’ prune. The leaf scar inoculation results were consistent with the previous studies. The disease incidence of Lenticel infection caused by bacterial inoculation in ‘French’ prune was very low, but significantly higher than the water control. Freezing-thawing significantly increased both the disease incidence and the lesion size via Lenticel infection. The Lenticel inoculation data suggest that P. syringae pv. syringae infection through Lenticels is possible under field conditions