The Experts below are selected from a list of 249753 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Claus Zabel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aging in Mouse Brain Is a Cell/Tissue-Level Phenomenon Exacerbated by Proteasome Loss
Journal of proteome research, 2010Co-Authors: Lei Mao, Irmgard Römer, Grit Nebrich, Oliver Klein, Andrea Koppelstätter, Sascha Hin, Daniela Hartl, Claus ZabelAbstract:Biological aging is often described by its phenotypic effect on individuals. Still, its causes are more likely found on the molecular Level. Biological organisms can be considered as reliability-engineered, robust systems and applying reliability theory to their basic nonaging components, proteins, could provide insight into the aging mechanism. Reliability theory suggests that aging is an obligatory trade-off in a fault-tolerant system such as the cell which is constructed based on redundancy design. Aging is the inevitable redundancy loss of functional system components, that is proteins, over time. In our study, we investigated mouse brain development, adulthood, and aging from embryonic day 10 to 100 weeks. We determined redundancy loss of different protein categories with age using reliability theory. We observed a near-linear decrease of protein redundancy during aging. Aging may therefore be a phenotypic manifestation of redundancy loss caused by nonfunctional protein accumulation. This is supporte...
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aging in mouse brain is a cell tissue Level Phenomenon exacerbated by proteasome loss
Journal of Proteome Research, 2010Co-Authors: Lei Mao, Irmgard Römer, Grit Nebrich, Oliver Klein, Andrea Koppelstätter, Sascha Hin, Daniela Hartl, Claus ZabelAbstract:Biological aging is often described by its phenotypic effect on individuals. Still, its causes are more likely found on the molecular Level. Biological organisms can be considered as reliability-engineered, robust systems and applying reliability theory to their basic nonaging components, proteins, could provide insight into the aging mechanism. Reliability theory suggests that aging is an obligatory trade-off in a fault-tolerant system such as the cell which is constructed based on redundancy design. Aging is the inevitable redundancy loss of functional system components, that is proteins, over time. In our study, we investigated mouse brain development, adulthood, and aging from embryonic day 10 to 100 weeks. We determined redundancy loss of different protein categories with age using reliability theory. We observed a near-linear decrease of protein redundancy during aging. Aging may therefore be a phenotypic manifestation of redundancy loss caused by nonfunctional protein accumulation. This is supporte...
Alan W Randolph - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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taking empowerment to the next Level a multiple Level model of empowerment performance and satisfaction
Academy of Management Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Scott E Seibert, Seth Silver, Alan W RandolphAbstract:Most research to date has approached employee empowerment as an individual-Level Phenomenon. In this study we proposed a work-unit-Level construct, empowerment climate, and tested a multiple-Level model integrating macro and micro approaches to empowerment. Empowerment climate was shown to be empirically distinct from psychological empowerment and positively related to manager ratings of work-unit performance. A cross-Level mediation analysis using hierarchical linear modeling showed that psychological empowerment mediated the relationships between empowerment climate and individual performance and job satisfaction.
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taking empowerment to the next Level a multiple Level model of empowerment performance and satisfaction
Academy of Management Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Scott E Seibert, Seth Silver, Alan W RandolphAbstract:Most research to date has approached employee empowerment as an individual-Level Phenomenon. In this study we proposed a work-unit-Level construct, empowerment climate, and tested a multiple-Level model integrating macro and micro approaches to empowerment. Empowerment climate was shown to be empirically distinct from psychological empowerment and positively related to manager ratings of work-unit performance. A cross-Level mediation analysis using hierarchical linear modeling showed that psychological empowerment mediated the relationships between empowerment climate and individual performance and job satisfaction.
Lei Mao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aging in Mouse Brain Is a Cell/Tissue-Level Phenomenon Exacerbated by Proteasome Loss
Journal of proteome research, 2010Co-Authors: Lei Mao, Irmgard Römer, Grit Nebrich, Oliver Klein, Andrea Koppelstätter, Sascha Hin, Daniela Hartl, Claus ZabelAbstract:Biological aging is often described by its phenotypic effect on individuals. Still, its causes are more likely found on the molecular Level. Biological organisms can be considered as reliability-engineered, robust systems and applying reliability theory to their basic nonaging components, proteins, could provide insight into the aging mechanism. Reliability theory suggests that aging is an obligatory trade-off in a fault-tolerant system such as the cell which is constructed based on redundancy design. Aging is the inevitable redundancy loss of functional system components, that is proteins, over time. In our study, we investigated mouse brain development, adulthood, and aging from embryonic day 10 to 100 weeks. We determined redundancy loss of different protein categories with age using reliability theory. We observed a near-linear decrease of protein redundancy during aging. Aging may therefore be a phenotypic manifestation of redundancy loss caused by nonfunctional protein accumulation. This is supporte...
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aging in mouse brain is a cell tissue Level Phenomenon exacerbated by proteasome loss
Journal of Proteome Research, 2010Co-Authors: Lei Mao, Irmgard Römer, Grit Nebrich, Oliver Klein, Andrea Koppelstätter, Sascha Hin, Daniela Hartl, Claus ZabelAbstract:Biological aging is often described by its phenotypic effect on individuals. Still, its causes are more likely found on the molecular Level. Biological organisms can be considered as reliability-engineered, robust systems and applying reliability theory to their basic nonaging components, proteins, could provide insight into the aging mechanism. Reliability theory suggests that aging is an obligatory trade-off in a fault-tolerant system such as the cell which is constructed based on redundancy design. Aging is the inevitable redundancy loss of functional system components, that is proteins, over time. In our study, we investigated mouse brain development, adulthood, and aging from embryonic day 10 to 100 weeks. We determined redundancy loss of different protein categories with age using reliability theory. We observed a near-linear decrease of protein redundancy during aging. Aging may therefore be a phenotypic manifestation of redundancy loss caused by nonfunctional protein accumulation. This is supporte...
Timothy R. Levine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exploring social norms as a group Level Phenomenon do political participation norms exist and influence political participation on college campuses
Journal of Communication, 2012Co-Authors: Hillary C. Shulman, Timothy R. LevineAbstract:This research explores the relationship between campus political norms and student political participation. This study conceptualizes norms as a group-Level construct by collecting data at several universities (k = 32 universities, n = 1,389 students) where norms vary without campaign intervention. MultiLevel modeling reveals that perceptions of political norms converge within universities. Further, frequency of political communication at the group- and individual-Level explains increases in normative perceptions. This increase is meaningful because norms at the group Level were predictive of political behaviors at the individual Level. This research documents the existence of political norms beyond the individual Level of analysis and highlights the important role of political norms, political communication, and social context in understanding political participation. Une exploration des normes sociales en tant que phenomene au niveau du groupe : les normes de participation politique existent-elles et influencent-elles la participation politique sur les campus universitaires? Hillary C. Shulman Cette etude explore l’association entre les normes politiques sur les campus et la participation politique des etudiants. Cette etude conceptualise les normes comme etant un construit au niveau du groupe en recueillant des donnees dans plusieurs universites (K=32 universites, n=1389 etudiants) ou les normes varient sans intervention de campagne. Une modelisation multiniveau revele que les perceptions des normes politiques convergent au sein des universites. De plus, la frequence des communications politiques au niveau du groupe et au niveau de l’individu expliquent les hausses dans les perceptions normatives. Cette augmentation est significative parce que les normes au niveau du groupe permettaient de prevoir les comportements politiques au niveau individuel. Cette etude documente l’existence de normes politiques au-dela du niveau d’analyse individuel et souligne le role important des normes politiques, de la communication politique et du contexte social pour comprendre la participation politique. Mots cles : normes sociales, participation politique, modelisation multiniveau, opinion publique, communication politique Soziale Normen als Phanomen auf Gruppenebene: Existieren Normen der politischen Teilhabe und beeinflussen diese politische Partizipation auf dem Universitatscampus? Diese Forschungsarbeit untersucht die Beziehung zwischen den politischen Normen auf dem Campus und der politischen Partizipation unter Studierenden. Diese Studie konzeptualisiert Normen als ein Konstrukt auf Gruppenebene, indem Daten an verschiedenen Universitaten (K=32 Universitaten, n=1.389 Studierende) erhoben wurden, an denen Normen ohne eine Kampagnenintervention variierten. Mehrebenenmodellierung zeigt, dass sich die Wahrnehmung von politischen Normen innerhalb der Universitaten ahnelt. Auserdem erklaren die Haufigkeit der politischen Kommunikation auf Gruppen- und Individualebene Zuwachse in normativen Wahrnehmungen. Dieser Zuwachs ist bedeutungsvoll, weil Normen auf der Gruppenebene politisches Verhalten auf der Individualebene vorhersagten. Diese Forschungsarbeit dokumentiert die Existenz politischer Normen jenseits der Individualebene als Analyseebene und betont die Bedeutung von politischen Normen, politischer Kommunikation und sozialem Kontext fur die Auseinandersetzung mit politischer Partizipation. Schlusselbegriffe: soziale Normen, politische Partizipation, Mehrebenenmodellierung, Offentliche Meinung, politische Kommunikation Explorando las Normas Sociales como un Fenomeno a Nivel Grupal: Existen las Normas de Participacion Politica e Influencian la Participacion Politica en los Campus Universitarios? Resumen Esta investigacion explora la relacion entre las normas politicas del campus y la participacion politica estudiantil. Este estudio conceptualiza a las normas sociales como un constructor a nivel grupal mediante la coleccion de datos en varias universidades (K=32 universidades, n=1,389 estudiantes) donde las normas variaron sin la campana de intervencion. El modelo multinivel revela que las percepciones de las normas politicas convergen dentro de las universidades. Mas aun, la frecuencia de la comunicacion politica a nivel grupal e individual explica los incrementos de las percepciones normativas. Este incremento es significativo porque las normas a nivel grupal predijeron los comportamientos politicos a nivel individual. Esta investigacion documenta la existencia de normas politicas mas alla del analisis a nivel individual y subraya la importancia del rol de las normas politicas, la comunicacion politica, y el contexto social en el entendimiento de la participacion politica. Palabras Claves: Normas sociales, Participacion politica, Modelo multinivel, Opinion publica, Comunicacion politica
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Exploring Social Norms as a Group‐Level Phenomenon: Do Political Participation Norms Exist and Influence Political Participation on College Campuses?
Journal of Communication, 2012Co-Authors: Hillary C. Shulman, Timothy R. LevineAbstract:This research explores the relationship between campus political norms and student political participation. This study conceptualizes norms as a group-Level construct by collecting data at several universities (k = 32 universities, n = 1,389 students) where norms vary without campaign intervention. MultiLevel modeling reveals that perceptions of political norms converge within universities. Further, frequency of political communication at the group- and individual-Level explains increases in normative perceptions. This increase is meaningful because norms at the group Level were predictive of political behaviors at the individual Level. This research documents the existence of political norms beyond the individual Level of analysis and highlights the important role of political norms, political communication, and social context in understanding political participation. Une exploration des normes sociales en tant que phenomene au niveau du groupe : les normes de participation politique existent-elles et influencent-elles la participation politique sur les campus universitaires? Hillary C. Shulman Cette etude explore l’association entre les normes politiques sur les campus et la participation politique des etudiants. Cette etude conceptualise les normes comme etant un construit au niveau du groupe en recueillant des donnees dans plusieurs universites (K=32 universites, n=1389 etudiants) ou les normes varient sans intervention de campagne. Une modelisation multiniveau revele que les perceptions des normes politiques convergent au sein des universites. De plus, la frequence des communications politiques au niveau du groupe et au niveau de l’individu expliquent les hausses dans les perceptions normatives. Cette augmentation est significative parce que les normes au niveau du groupe permettaient de prevoir les comportements politiques au niveau individuel. Cette etude documente l’existence de normes politiques au-dela du niveau d’analyse individuel et souligne le role important des normes politiques, de la communication politique et du contexte social pour comprendre la participation politique. Mots cles : normes sociales, participation politique, modelisation multiniveau, opinion publique, communication politique Soziale Normen als Phanomen auf Gruppenebene: Existieren Normen der politischen Teilhabe und beeinflussen diese politische Partizipation auf dem Universitatscampus? Diese Forschungsarbeit untersucht die Beziehung zwischen den politischen Normen auf dem Campus und der politischen Partizipation unter Studierenden. Diese Studie konzeptualisiert Normen als ein Konstrukt auf Gruppenebene, indem Daten an verschiedenen Universitaten (K=32 Universitaten, n=1.389 Studierende) erhoben wurden, an denen Normen ohne eine Kampagnenintervention variierten. Mehrebenenmodellierung zeigt, dass sich die Wahrnehmung von politischen Normen innerhalb der Universitaten ahnelt. Auserdem erklaren die Haufigkeit der politischen Kommunikation auf Gruppen- und Individualebene Zuwachse in normativen Wahrnehmungen. Dieser Zuwachs ist bedeutungsvoll, weil Normen auf der Gruppenebene politisches Verhalten auf der Individualebene vorhersagten. Diese Forschungsarbeit dokumentiert die Existenz politischer Normen jenseits der Individualebene als Analyseebene und betont die Bedeutung von politischen Normen, politischer Kommunikation und sozialem Kontext fur die Auseinandersetzung mit politischer Partizipation. Schlusselbegriffe: soziale Normen, politische Partizipation, Mehrebenenmodellierung, Offentliche Meinung, politische Kommunikation Explorando las Normas Sociales como un Fenomeno a Nivel Grupal: Existen las Normas de Participacion Politica e Influencian la Participacion Politica en los Campus Universitarios? Resumen Esta investigacion explora la relacion entre las normas politicas del campus y la participacion politica estudiantil. Este estudio conceptualiza a las normas sociales como un constructor a nivel grupal mediante la coleccion de datos en varias universidades (K=32 universidades, n=1,389 estudiantes) donde las normas variaron sin la campana de intervencion. El modelo multinivel revela que las percepciones de las normas politicas convergen dentro de las universidades. Mas aun, la frecuencia de la comunicacion politica a nivel grupal e individual explica los incrementos de las percepciones normativas. Este incremento es significativo porque las normas a nivel grupal predijeron los comportamientos politicos a nivel individual. Esta investigacion documenta la existencia de normas politicas mas alla del analisis a nivel individual y subraya la importancia del rol de las normas politicas, la comunicacion politica, y el contexto social en el entendimiento de la participacion politica. Palabras Claves: Normas sociales, Participacion politica, Modelo multinivel, Opinion publica, Comunicacion politica
Scott E Seibert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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taking empowerment to the next Level a multiple Level model of empowerment performance and satisfaction
Academy of Management Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Scott E Seibert, Seth Silver, Alan W RandolphAbstract:Most research to date has approached employee empowerment as an individual-Level Phenomenon. In this study we proposed a work-unit-Level construct, empowerment climate, and tested a multiple-Level model integrating macro and micro approaches to empowerment. Empowerment climate was shown to be empirically distinct from psychological empowerment and positively related to manager ratings of work-unit performance. A cross-Level mediation analysis using hierarchical linear modeling showed that psychological empowerment mediated the relationships between empowerment climate and individual performance and job satisfaction.
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taking empowerment to the next Level a multiple Level model of empowerment performance and satisfaction
Academy of Management Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Scott E Seibert, Seth Silver, Alan W RandolphAbstract:Most research to date has approached employee empowerment as an individual-Level Phenomenon. In this study we proposed a work-unit-Level construct, empowerment climate, and tested a multiple-Level model integrating macro and micro approaches to empowerment. Empowerment climate was shown to be empirically distinct from psychological empowerment and positively related to manager ratings of work-unit performance. A cross-Level mediation analysis using hierarchical linear modeling showed that psychological empowerment mediated the relationships between empowerment climate and individual performance and job satisfaction.